The working conditions and morbidity with temporary loss of work capacity for those engaged in the manufacture of household chemical preparations]

Workers engaged in production of household chemical goods (paints, synthetic detergents, aerosols) are exposed to harmful factors (noise levels higher than the maximal allowable ones, concentration of chemical agents in the air surpassing the MACs). Such work conditions are estimated as unfavourable according to the hygienic classification. The total morbidity and some nosologic forms (respiratory, digestive, locomotor systems and skin) are growing in number especially in workers of aerosol production. Statistic analysis revealed that the length of service was directly related to the level of total morbidity and the incidence of gastrointestinal diseases in the workers engaged in manufacture of household chemical goods.     

The working conditions during the prototype commercial operation of continuous-output equipment in KATEK coal stripping and sanitary improvement measures]

Work conditions were analysed in workers engaged into realization of the new coal extracting line technology producing 5250 m3 of coal per hr in KATEK open-cast mine. Hygienic standards appeared to be followed mainly on the constant working places and in the mining machine cabs, but noise dust parameters were not evaluated in the transloaders, microclimate parameters of excavator and transloaders were not assessed during the cold season. High concentration of dust appear in the air due to mining machines cleaning with the pumped air. Workers engaged into the coal transportation and its intermediate storage appeared to work in more hazardous conditions. Sanitary measures are suggested.     

Hygienic characteristics of working conditions and their effect on the functional state of workers engaged in the manufacture of reinforced concrete products

The study of the impact of working conditions on body functioning state of those engaged in the production of reinforced concrete products showed that these working conditions were characterized by a number of unfavourable factors, complex occupational aerosol and industrial microclimate being the leading ones. It was pointed out that working conditions affected the degree and the character of shifts in workers' body functioning state. Climatic and geographical characteristics also had some influence on the parameters of occupational microclimate and workers' body functioning state.     

Early signs of the influence of harmful industrial factors on workers at present-day petrochemical plants

The working conditions and health status were studied in workers from different petrochemical plants. The leading industrial factors that conferred moderate and high risks of health impairments as early signs of the combined action of harmful substances and industrial noise, as well as mild occupational diseases were identified in the workers of essential trades at the petrochemical plants. According to the results of the investigation, the authors have elaborated a package of measures to promote the health status of workers at the petrochemical plants.     

Assessment of risk for occupationally induced diseases in purification plant workers at a petroleum refinery

The risk for occupationally induced diseases was assessed in purification plant workers at a petroleum refinery. The auxiliary process (purification and prepurification plants, biochemical purification) of the refinery OAO "Naftan" was the study object. Epidemiological, sanitary-and-hygienic studies were conducted to examine the negative influence of dangerous and harmful production factors on the workers' health status. The harmful and dangerous production factors recorded at this enterprise have been found to have a negative influence on the workers' health workers, which leads to the development of occupationally induced diseases in them.     

Study of allergic morbidity in children of female workers from various fields of national economy

To study the factors contributing to the development of allergic disease in children has recently become of current importance. To determine the indirect influence of maternal working environmental factors on allergic morbidity in children, the authors have examined the working conditions and morbidity of female workers engaged in that or that field of national economy and the health status and allergic diseases in children. The variance analysis was made. The proposed guidelines allow one to study the indirect influence of working environmental factors on allergic morbidity in children.     

Mortality of female workers in rubber manufacturing plant

The ten-year mortality experience of a cohort of white female production workers in a large rubber manufacturing plant is presented. An analysis of the observed and expected numbers of death from numerous causes revealed a slightly elevated overall standarized mortality ratio with an excess of deaths from both lung cancer and myocardial infarction, and a deficit of deaths from breast cancer. About two-thirds of all women in this cohort had worked, for the longest period of employment, in the manufacture of industrial products, while the remainder were engaged mostly in the manufacture of tires. Some preliminary associations between type of job and mortality experience are discussed, but a more detailed analytic investigation is required before nonoccupational risk factors can be ruled out.     

Sanitary-hygienic characteristics of work conditions and health status of workers in nitric acid production industry

Workers engaged in thin nitric acid manufacturing are exhibited to the combined action of both physical and chemical factors (noise, heating microclimate, nitric oxides, ammonia). Within the working hours, ECG changes and arterial blood pressure instability are displayed in operators and technicians. Influenza, acute respiratory disorders and osseo-muscular diseases present the main causes of morbidity with temporary disability. Technicians are characterized by a markedly greater morbidity rate. Ammonia and nitric oxides, as aggressive media, lead to higher rates of oral mucoid, hard dental tissues and periodontium lesions. Health-related labour conditions improvement measures are proposed.     

The effect of industrial factors on specific functions and the course of pregnancy and labor in workers of the Orgsintez Manufacturing Association]

Women engaged in the production of chlorine, divinyl and propylene oxide are exposed during the working shift to unfavourable occupational factors: gas, dust, noise, emotional and physical stress, inadequate microclimate. All that disorders the specific functions and health status. Diseases in women working for 'Orgsintez' enterprise are closely connected with the length of service. Occupational factors of this chemical enterprise influence the course of pregnancy and labor, condition of fetus and newborn.     

Effect of working conditions on myocardial contractility in tube-rolling mill workers]

Tetrapolar rheography, M-echocardiography and visual searching ++Doppler echocardiography were used to study the state of the myocardium in 228 practically healthy male workers engaged in different working conditions at a tube-rolling mill. Revealed were increased myocardium and myocardium contraction disorders resulting from physical over-load in combination with heating microclimate and noise. The contributors proposed approaches to the preclinical diagnosis of such changes, which could be applied to the elaboration of preventive measures.     

Allergic morbidity in children of female workers at a Tyre factory

Working conditions and morbidity in tyre female workers and allergic morbidity in their children were studied. The incidence of allergic diseases in the children of tyre female workers constantly subject to poor working conditions was ascertained to be higher than in those of workers unengaged in noxious industry. The higher incidence of allergic diseases in the study group children may be regarded as a result of the mediated effect of deleterious maternal industrial factors on a baby's health, mainly by developing atopic diseases. This is due to the early manifestation and more severe course of allergic diseases.     

Occupational morbidity in medical workers of the Primorye Territory

The labor of medical workers is characterized by a lot of harmful and dangerous factors; females account for more than 80% of medical workers. The rise in the incidence of recorded occupational diseases is observed in the pre-pension period as this category of medical workers have to conceal their morbidity in order to preserve their job until they can get pension. By taking into account the results of in-depth assessment of the working conditions and health status of female medical workers, it can be said that the incidence rates of occupational diseases in the Primorye Territory are contrary to fact: they should be much higher as morbidity with temporary disablement and occupational morbidity exceed the average rates and clearly tended to increase.     

Hygienic characteristics of working conditions and health status of workers in animal feed-processing industry

Studies of mixed folder processing labour conditions revealed a set of unfavourable occupational factors, including poor microclimate, high level dust discharge and bacterial contamination in the air. The major health disorders among the workers engaged therein include upper respiratory and bronchopulmonary, locomotor system and perypheral NS and skin diseases.     

Physiological and hygienic characteristics of working conditions of bus drivers in the Tadzhik SSR]

In warm seasons of the year, the major unfavourable factors in the labour conditions of bus-drivers engaged in local and transrepublican bus routes were heating microclimate, neuropsychic and physical overload, excessive noise levels. The unsatisfactory labour conditions resulted into strain and overstrain of the thermoregulatory function and cardio-vascular system, decreased working capacity and increased fatiguability, as well as in development of nonspecific pathology in the drivers. Improving of the labour conditions should include measures towards optimization of the microclimate and modernization of the cabin's design, rationalization of the labour regimen and improvement of services on the roads.     

某企业轮胎生产项目职业病危害控制效果评价

目的分析和评价某企业轮胎生产项目职业病危害控制效果,从源头控制或消除职业病危害,为劳动者创造符合国家职业卫生要求的工作环境。方法采用职业卫生现场调查法和职业卫生检测法进行分析和评价。结果密炼车间二层手工配药称量员在工作日内接触其他粉尘的时间加权平均浓度>33.3 mg/m3,超过国家卫生标准;其他各工种工作日内接触职业病危害因素的时间加权平均浓度、短时间接触浓度、最高浓度、生产性噪声强度、高温、工频电场和电离辐射强度均符合国家卫生标准要求。结论综合各方面分析,在确保各类防护设施有效运行、保证生产设备的正常运转、全面落实控制职业病危害补救措施的前提下,该项目在职业病危害控制方面是可行的。     

Morbidity with temporary disability of the workers of coal-processing factories

A profound analysis of morbidity with temporary disability (MTD) revealed low health states of the women engaged in coal preparation plants in both Northern and Southern regions of the country. The results obtained proved the major role of labour conditions in the structure of the MTD levels, particularly in such diseases as acute respiratory (dust, hazardous microclimate), hypertension (noise), vascular dystonia (noise and vibration), radiculitis and myositis (poor microclimate). The data proposed a basis for planning health improvement measures.     

Work hygiene of miners engaged in mining and processing of sand and gravel mixtures

The main hazardous occupational factors in sand and gravel mixture processing include siliceous dust contamination of the air, noise, vibration, intensive labour overload, and unfavourable microclimate conditions. The workers examined displayed exceeding general and occupational health disorders (silicosis, silicotuberculosis, dust bronchitis, cohlear neuritis).     

天津市某汽车部件有限公司职业健康检查结果

目的了解该公司作业人员的健康状况,找出该公司对工人身体健康最为严重的职业病危害因素,为该公司进行建设项目控制效果评价提供依据。方法对现场进行职业卫生学调查,确定各工序所接触的职业病危害因素种类,依据《职业健康监护技术规范》的有关要求,针对各工序生产工人接触的职业病危害因素种类进行职业健康检查,并对检查结果进行分析。结果该公司噪声作业异常人员检出率最高达37．5％,化学毒物异常人员检出率为1．0％,生产性粉尘异常人员检出率为0．7％,高温异常人员检出率为0．7％,紫外线异常人员检出率为0。结论该公司最严重的职业病危害因素是噪声,其对作业工人身体健康危害最大,在控制效果评价中噪声防护应列为重点。     

Complex hygienic evaluation of working conditions and environmental protection at glass works

The working conditions and sanitary-and-hygienic state of the Kvarts glass works in the town of Kuvasai were studied. Harmful industrial factors were shown to influence on the incidence of disease with temporary disability; atmospheric emission of pollutants and discharge of sewage were calculated. The results of the analysis were assessed in the hygienic point and necessary recommendations to improve working conditions and the environment.     

Labor conditions of workers monitoring the railways status

The conducted sanitary-and-hygienic investigations contributed to working out the up-to-date sanitary-and-hygienic requirements aimed at maintaining the health status of the mentioned workers, they are also expected to enhance the safety in trains' traffic.