前路减压椎间桥形融合器ROI-C置入治疗连续双节段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效对比

目的 :比较颈椎前路减压椎间桥形融合器ROI-C置入与传统钛板联合cage融合固定治疗连续双节段脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2011年1月~2012年12月我科行颈椎前路减压应用ROI-C或传统钛板联合cage融合固定治疗的连续双节段脊髓型颈椎病患者57例,25例患者采用ROI-C作为内置物(A组),32例患者采用cage和前路钛板作为内置物(B组),两组患者年龄、性别比、术前JOA评分、术前颈痛VAS评分及手术节段均无统计学差异。比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、术后JOA评分、术后颈痛VAS评分、颈椎生理曲度(Cobb角)、手术节段前凸角、融合率、吞咽困难发生率及邻近节段退变率。结果:A组手术时间141.3±49.9min,术中出血量123.6±54.1ml,B组分别为168.3±44.4min和126.2±32.6ml,A组手术时间低于B组(P0.05),两组术中出血量相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。术后3个月及末次随访时,两组JOA评分均显著高于术前水平,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组颈痛VAS评分较术前明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组间同时间点JOA及VAS均无显著性差异(P0.05)。A组术前、末次随访时颈椎生理曲度分别为12.6°±7.3°、21.9°±6.2°;B组分别为14.3°±9.3°、19.6°±7.3°,两组末次随访时颈椎曲度较术前明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),两组间同时间点差异无显著性(P0.05)。A组术前、末次随访时手术节段前凸角分别为3.4°±5.6°、9.6°±5.5°;B组分别为4.4°±4.3°、9.1°±4.1°,两组手术节段术后前凸角较术前明显增高,差异有统计学意义(P0.05);两组间同时间点比较差异无显著性(P0.05)。A组术后有2例诉轻度吞咽困难,吞咽困难发生率8%(2/25),B组术后有10例诉轻度吞咽困难,1例诉中度吞咽困难,吞咽困难发生率34.4%(11/32),两组吞咽困难发生率相比差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。A组术后3个月手术节段融合率88%(22/25),B组术后3个月手术节段融合率87.5%(28/32),末次随访两组手术节段均获得骨性愈合。A组50个邻近节段中有6个节段椎间盘信号发生退变或退变级别加重,B组64个邻近节段中有8个节段椎间盘信号发生退变或退变级别加重,两组邻近节段退变率无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论:颈椎前路减压后应用ROI-C固定治疗连续双节段脊髓型颈椎病可以获得与传统cage联合前路钛板固定相似的临床疗效,但使用ROI-C置入具有手术时间短、术后吞咽困难率低等优点。     

颈椎前路椎间融合术与人工椎间盘置换术联合椎间融合术治疗连续双节段颈椎病的中长期疗效对比

目的 :比较前路颈椎椎间融合术(anterior cervical discectomy and fusion,ACDF)与颈前路人工椎间盘置换联合颈椎椎间融合(Hybrid手术)治疗连续双节段颈椎病的中长期疗效。方法:回顾性分析2007年1月~2012年3月在我科行ACDF及Hybrid手术治疗的连续双节段颈椎病患者,资料完整且随访时间60个月者共68例,其中ACDF 39例(ACDF组),Hybrid手术29例(Hybrid组),两组患者年龄、性别构成比、随访时间、手术节段等均无统计学差异。比较两组术前及末次随访时的JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)、疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、颈椎整体活动度、C2-C7颈椎曲度、相邻节段活动度、相邻节段退变情况等。结果:两组患者手术时间、出血量和术后引流量均无统计学差异;末次随访时的JOA、NDI及VAS评分均较同组术前有显著性改善(P0.05),两组间同时间点比较均无统计学差异(P0.05)。末次随访时根据Odom标准,Hybrid组的优良率为93.1%,ACDF组为92.3%,两组比较无统计学差异(P0.05);两组C2-C7曲度较术前均有所恢复,Hybrid组较ACDF组改善更好(P0.05);Hybrid组整体颈椎活动度及相邻节段活动度较术前无明显差异(P0.05),ACDF组颈椎活动度较术前明显降低(P0.05)、相邻节段活动度明显增加(P0.05);颈椎X线片评估相邻节段退变发生率无统计学差异(Hybrid组17.2%vs ACDF组20.5%,P0.05);末次随访时Hybrid组人工间盘置换节段异位骨化发生率为34.5%(10/29),其中Mobi-C假体发生率为41.2%(5/12),Pro Disc-C假体发生率为29.4%(5/17)。结论 :Hybrid手术治疗双节段颈椎病5年以上随访临床疗效及安全有效性与ACDF相当,但Hybrid手术可以更好地重建颈椎曲度,减少邻近节段代偿性活动的同时保持颈椎活动度。     

颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的长期疗效

目的 :观察颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的长期疗效。方法 :回顾性分析我院2003年12月~2007年12月17例因脊髓型颈椎病行单节段Bryan人工椎间盘置换术且随访10年以上患者的临床资料,手术时年龄37~76岁(平均57.2±8.9岁),男13例,女4例。手术节段:C4/5 3例,C5/6 9例,C6/7 5例。依据术前CT及MRI检查结果将患者分为两组:单纯颈椎间盘突出组7例,合并骨赘形成组10例。分别于术前及末次随访时评估患者影像学指标,包括颈椎整体活动度(ROM)、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角与高等级(3~4级)椎旁骨化;临床功能评价指标包括JOA评分、颈椎功能障碍指数(NDI)及Odom′s评定。比较两组间各评价指标的差异及组内术前术后各指标差异。计量数据使用t检验进行统计分析,等级数据使用非参数检验中的Mann-Whitney检验进行统计分析,P0.05为有显著性差异。结果:单纯颈椎间盘突出组患者手术时年龄56.1±11.7岁,男5例,女2例,C5/6节段3例,C6/7节段4例,手术节段ROM术前为8.18°±3.70°,末次随访时为9.07°±4.76°,1例出现ROM丧失;颈椎整体ROM术前为42.78°±14.89°,末次随访时为47.34°±6.93°;手术节段Cobb角术前为2.77°±1.08°,末次随访时为2.37°±1.48°;各影像学评估指标(颈椎整体ROM、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角)末次随访时与术前比较无显著性差异(P0.05);1例(14.3%)出现局部后凸,1例出现高等级椎旁骨化。合并骨赘形成组患者手术时年龄57.9±7.0岁,男8例,女2例,C4/5节段3例,C5/6节段6例,C6/7节段1例,手术节段ROM术前为11.46°±5.19°,末次随访时为6.41°±4.87°,3例出现ROM丧失;颈椎整体ROM术前为45.53°±11.89°,末次随访时为41.60°±13.45°;手术节段Cobb角术前为2.14°±1.35°,末次随访时为1.29°±1.33°,末次随访时手术节段ROM及Cobb角较术前明显下降(P0.05),1例出现局部后凸,4例出现高等级椎旁骨化。末次随访时,单纯颈椎间盘突出组患者JOA评分改善率为(76.73±25.53)%,NDI%下降(12.29±6.26)%,Odom′s标准评定优良率为100.0%;合并骨赘形成组患者JOA评分改善率为(82.90±19.03)%,NDI%下降(10.00±4.32)%,Odom′s标准评定优良率为100.0%。术前及末次随访时颈椎整体ROM、手术节段ROM、手术节段Cobb角、JOA评分、NDI%及Odoms评分两组比较均无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:颈椎人工椎间盘置换术治疗脊髓型颈椎病具有较好的长期疗效。单纯颈椎间盘突出导致的脊髓型颈椎病患者人工椎间盘置换术后远期手术节段ROM的维持优于合并骨赘形成患者。     

Hybrid手术治疗脊髓型颈椎病的临床疗效分析

目的 探讨融合兼非融合手术(Hybrid)治疗脊髓型颈椎病疗效、手术要点及适应证.方法 2008年8月至2011年12月采用Hybrid手术治疗脊髓型颈椎病患者38例,男27例,女11例,年龄33～70岁,平均51岁.共86个节段,涉及双节段28例,三节段10例,融合48个节段,非融合38个节段.术前及末次随访采用日本矫形外科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分系统评估神经系统功能;采用疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估疼痛;在颈椎X线片上测量颈椎活动度及人工椎间盘与相邻节段高度;观察手术并发症.结果 38例患者中37例获得随访,随访15～55个月(平均29.1个月).36例患者神经系统功能得到不同程度恢复,JOA评分术前(10.5±1.57)分,末次随访(14.3±1.97)分,改善率为58.46％,优16例,良20例,差1例.VAS评分术前(7.3±1.04)分,末次随访(3.2±1.41)分,颈椎Cobb角由术前25°±3.21°改善至末次随访20°±2.56°.术后l例神经功能未见恢复,2例出现声音嘶哑、饮水呛咳,22例出现咽喉疼痛,3例PCM假体前移.其余病例均未见假体移位、内植物松动及异位骨化等发生.结论 Hybrid手术可以彻底减压病变节段,融合退变严重的节段,保留非融合节段的活动度,使患者颈椎达到稳定,症状明显改善,短期疗效满意,是一种可供选择的治疗方案.     

前路C-jaws内固定器治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病

[目的]探讨颈椎前路C-jaws颈椎内固定器治疗单节段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效。[方法]回顾分析2015年～2016年48例诊断为单节段脊髓型颈椎病患者资料。临床指标包括围手术期情况、累及区肌力、感觉、病理反射,以及疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale, VAS)和日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association, JOA)颈椎评分评价临床结果;影像学指标包括测量椎管面积、椎间隙高度和局部Cobb角,评价内固定情况以及邻近椎间隙退变的程度。[结果]手术时间(46.30±15.20) min,术中出血量(45.00±23.50) ml。术后所有患者均未出现发音嘶哑、吞咽困难等症状。48例患者随访36～52个月,平均(41.60±11.20)个月。术后3个月门诊随访显示累及区肌力、感觉、病理反射较术前均有明显改善。末次随访VAS评分为(1.60±0.61)分,低于术前的(8.15±0.52)分(P0.05);JOA评分为(15.30±0.92)分,高于术前的(7.42±0.60)分(P0.05)。末次随访影像显示椎管面积、椎间隙高度及局部后凸Cobb角显著增加(P0.05)。所有患者均达到手术节段骨性融合,其中1例患者内固定轻度前移,其余患者内固定位置良好。其中3例上、下邻近节段轻度退变,无明显退变病例发生。[结论]颈椎前路压力内固定器固定融合术治疗单阶段脊髓型颈椎病的疗效满意,术后邻近节段椎间盘退变发生率低。     

颈椎桥形固定嵌片融合器在颈椎间盘切除融合术中的应用

目的分析使用颈椎桥形固定嵌片融合器(ROI-C)进行颈椎前路手术治疗颈椎病的临床效果。方法采用ROI-C进行颈椎前路手术治疗44例颈椎病患者(56个节段)。记录手术时间及出血量,对手术前后患者颈椎曲度、病变椎间隙高度、病变节段融合、邻近节段退变情况进行评价,应用JOA评分及VAS评分评估手术前后神经恢复情况及颈部局部症状改善情况,并记录手术并发症。结果患者均获得随访,时间6～12个月。手术时间60～150(85.4±10.4)min,出血量20～150(60.0±11.7)ml。颈椎曲度和病变椎间隙高度:术后3d、1个月及末次随访时均较术前显著增加,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),术后各时间点之间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。JOA评分及VAS评分:术后7 d、1个月及末次随访均较术前有明显改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05),而术后不同时间点比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。末次随访时42例获得骨性融合,融合率达95.5%。未发生邻近节段退变。术后2例(4.5%)出现轻度吞咽困难,1例(2.3%)出现声音嘶哑,2例(4.5%)出现不同程度轴性症状,经对症治疗后均治愈。结论应用ROI-C进行颈椎前路椎间盘切除融合术,组织损伤少,能有效恢复并长时间维持病变椎体间隙高度及颈椎曲度,提供早期椎体间稳定,椎体融合率高,并发症发生率低,临床效果满意。     

经皮全内镜下颈后路椎间盘切除术在颈椎融合术后邻近节段退变病的应用初探

目的探讨经皮全内镜下颈后路椎间盘切除技术(posterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy,PPECD)在颈椎融合术后邻近节段退变病中的临床应用价值。方法收集2015年4月至2017年6月,我院脊柱科收治颈椎前路融合术后邻近节段退变病患者8例,其中男性6例,女性2例,年龄49～77岁,平均60.9岁。邻近节段退变发生在融合术后48～162个月,平均94.3个月,表现为神经根型颈椎病4例,脊髓型颈椎病3例,混合型颈椎病(脊髓型+神经根型)1例。应用PPECD方式治疗,记录手术时间、住院天数和手术相关并发症。采用日本矫形外科协会(Japanese orthopedic association,JOA)评分及颈部残障功能指数(neck disability index,NDI)评价神经功能,疼痛视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评价颈部、上肢疼痛,末次随访时根据Odom标准与JOA改善优良率评定临床疗效。颈椎侧位X线片测量手术节段椎间高度,过伸过屈位X线片测量手术节段活动度(range of motion,ROM),对术前及随访时的数据进行比较。结果所有病例均在内镜下顺利完成手术,无病例更改手术方式。手术节段共9节,其中单节段7例,双节段1例。C3～4节段1例,C4～5节段4例,C6～7节段2例,C5～6、C6～7双节段1例。手术时间为62～140min,平均94.8min,平均住院天数为4.8d。8例患者均获得随访,术后随访8～33个月,平均(15.9±6.7)个月,术后1周的VAS、NDI及JOA较术前显著改善(P0.05),末次随访时的VAS、NDI及JOA较术后1周进一步改善,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。术前手术节段ROM为(5.27±1.26)°,术后1周时为(5.63±1.48)°,末次随访时为(5.44±1.56)°,手术前后相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。手术节段椎间隙高度术前及末次随访时相比差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。本组病例术中未出现脊髓神经和重要血管损伤,术后无伤口感染、血肿等并发症。根据Odom标准末次随访时的优良率为87.5%(优5例,良2例,中1例,差0例),JOA评分改善率78.14%。结论 PPECD技术作为一种崭新的脊柱微创技术,为颈椎融合术后邻近节段退变提供了一种安全、有效的治疗方式,并获得良好的近期临床结果。     

颈椎前路Hybrid术治疗颈椎退行性疾病

目的:探讨颈椎前路Hybrid术治疗颈椎退行性疾病的临床疗效并观察其术后1年影像学上间盘置换节段异位骨化的发生率。方法:对2015年1月至2018年4月接受颈椎前路Hybrid术符合纳入和排除标准并获得完整临床随访资料的35例患者进行回顾性分析,其中24例获得完整影像学随访资料,男15例,女20例,年龄39~70(55.57±7.73)岁,手术出血量20~100(40.29±18.39)ml,住院时间4~28(11.03±4.63)d,随访时间(12.97±1.36)个月。采用田中靖久颈椎病症状量表(Tanaka Yasushi Cervical Spondylitis Symptom Scale 20 Score,YT20)及日本矫形骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分进行临床疗效评价,术后1年通过X线依据McAfee标准评价Hybrid术后异位骨化发生的情况,并对是否发生异位骨化患者进行分组,比较其临床疗效。结果:末次随访时平均YT20评分和JOA评分较术前明显升高(P<0.05),JOA平均改善率为(70.66±0.44)%。24个节段中10个节段出现异位骨化,发生率为41.70%,其中Ⅰ级为29.20%,Ⅱ级为12.50%。异位骨化发生和未发生患者的临床疗效比较:术前、术后JOA评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术前YT20评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),术后异位骨化发生患者YT20评分明显低于未发生患者。结论:Hybrid术近期临床疗效满意,异位骨化发生的原因仍需要进一步探索。     

双节段颈椎间盘置换联合cage融合术治疗颈椎病

目的观察连续双节段Bryan人工颈椎间盘置换联合邻近节段cage融合术治疗三节段颈椎病的临床疗效,探讨该联合术式(Hybrid术式)的可行性及节段选择标准。方法采用双节段Bryan人工颈椎间盘置换联合邻近节段cage融合术治疗58例连续三节段病变的颈椎病患者。术前、术后进行JOA评分(17分法)和颈椎残障功能量表(NDI)评定;术后进行Odom标准评定;随访观察椎间盘假体稳定性、假体活动度、cage融合状态及cage位移情况等。结果手术均顺利完成,未出现严重术中不良事件,手术时间60~125(88.3±10.5)min;术中出血量10~60(30.3±12.1)ml。58例均获随访,时间6~48(22.2±8.3)个月。末次随访时,JOA评分由术前5~10(8.6±1.2)分增至12~17(14.1±1.5)分(P0.01);NDI评分由术前34~42(40.5±2.6)分降至13~20(16.8±3.3)分(P0.01)。Odom评定:优36例,良12例,可6例,差4例,优良率为93.1%。人工椎间盘稳定,置换节段活动度为16°~21°(18.2°±5.6°),与术前17°~23°(19.1°±4.8°)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),术后颈椎整体活动度为26°~41°(33.8°±10.3°),与术前33°~52°(40.3°±12.6°)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。Cage植骨全部融合,无cage松动和沉陷。结论连续双节段颈椎间盘置换联合邻近节段cage融合为三节段颈椎病患者的手术治疗提供了新的术式选择,兼顾了颈椎的稳定和运动功能,初、中期随访疗效让人满意。     

颈椎病性眩晕的临床治疗

[目的]探讨颈椎病性眩晕的临床特点及相关治疗策略。[方法]收集2012年1月~2015年3月因颈椎病性眩晕至本院诊治的32例患者一般资料,用X线片评估颈椎失稳情况,用MRI评估颈椎退变程度,均行颈椎前路减压融合内固定术加后纵韧带切除术,用JOA评分法评估神经功能改善情况,用交感神经症状评分法评估眩晕改善情况,分析颈椎失稳及颈椎退变程度与眩晕程度相关性及颈椎前路减压融合内固定术治疗颈椎病性眩晕的临床疗效。[结果]32例患者中26例为女性,平均年龄(48.02±2.35)岁,平均随访时间为(18.70±0.63)个月;术前有17例患者颈椎不稳,其中11例存在C4、5节段不稳,显著多于其余节段(P0.05)。颈椎退变影像学评分C4、5显著高于其余节段(P0.05)。术后1个月JOA评分显著高于术前(P0.05);而末次随访JOA评分又显著高于术后1个月评分(P0.05)。术后1个月眩晕评分显著低于术前(P0.05);而末次随访眩晕评分又显著低于术后1个月评分(P0.05)。[结论]颈椎病性眩晕多发于围绝经期女性,C4、5节段的椎间盘退变及颈椎不稳是发病的危险因素。颈椎前路减压融合内固定术加后纵韧带切除术是治疗颈椎病性眩晕的有效手段。     

Anterior cervical foramenotomy for cervical radiculopathy

Anterior cervical discectomy (ACD) is standard practice for cervical radiculopathy. Irrespective of the precise method used, it involves more or less complete disc removal with resultant anatomical and biomechanical derangements, and frequently the insertion of a bone or prosthetic graft. Anterior cervical foramenotomy is an alternative procedure that allows effective anterior decompression of the nerve root and lateral spinal cord, whilst conserving the native disc, preserving normal anatomy and movement, and protecting against later degeneration at adjacent spaces as far as possible. The aim of the study was to determine the safety and efficacy of anterior cervical foramenotomy in the treatment of cervical radiculopathy and took the form of a prospective study of 21 cases under the care of a single surgeon. All patients had a single level or two level anterior cervical foramenotomy. All had pre- and postoperative visual analogue scores for arm and neck pain, arm strength, sensation and overall use. A comparison between patients' perceptions and surgeon's observations was also made. Patients were followed up for between 10 and 36 months. Sixty-eight per cent completed full pre- and postoperative assessments. Twenty-eight per cent of the responders had complete arm pain resolution. There were statistically significant reductions in arm and neck pain, and overall disability. The surgeon's impression of improvement paralleled that of the patients. There was one complication with discitis. Anterior cervical foramenotomy is a safe and effective treatment for cervical radiculopathy caused by posterolateral cervical disc prolapse or uncovertebral osteophyte, and might also reduce adjacent segment degeneration.     

Posterior cervical laminoplasty formultilevel cervical spine stenosis

Cervical laminoplasty for treating multilevel spinal stenosis appears to be a good surgical alternative to the more traditional laminectomy or anterior decompression and fusion. This procedure avoids the morbidity associated with extensive anterior procedures and also appears not to be associated with late kyphosis, which can be seen in patients after a laminectomy. This review outlines the rationale, indications, contraindications, and early clinical results for patients undergoing a posterior laminoplasty.     

微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术治疗神经根型颈椎病

【摘要】 目的：探讨微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术治疗神经根型颈椎病的有效性。方法：2008年7月~2010年7月12例单侧神经根型颈椎病患者在延边大学医院接受微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术。其中男7例,女5例,年龄为35~68岁,平均49岁。椎间孔狭窄部位：C5/6 4例,C6/7 5例,C7/T1 3例。软性髓核突出3例,钩椎关节骨质增生7例,突出的髓核钙化2例。均行前路手术,术中采用脊柱手术专用显微镜,在病变上位椎体确定钻孔起始部位,利用高速钻石气钻磨出一约6mm直径的通路达到病变区域,减压椎间孔。观察术前及末次随访时上肢放射性疼痛的VAS评分、颈椎功能障碍指数（NDI）及病变水平椎间盘高度。结果：手术时间为56~110min,平均86±6min;术中失血量为40~120ml,平均92±8ml。无椎动脉损伤、贺纳氏综合征、喉返神经损伤等并发症。术后随访时间为12~23个月,平均15.8±1.3个月。术前上肢疼痛VAS评分为8.5±0.5分（7~10分）,末次随访时为1.4±0.2分（0~3分）,两者比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）;术前NDI为26.4±1.3分（22~31分）,末次随访时为4.2±0.6分（3~8分）,两者比较有显著性差异（P<0.05）,改善率为84.1%;术前病变水平椎间盘高度为5.4±0.7mm（4.2~6.1mm）,末次随访时为4.9±0.7mm（3.6~5.8mm）,两者比较无显著性差异（P>0.05）。术后满意度为100%。结论：微创前路经上位椎体椎间孔减压术可减少对椎间盘的损伤,是治疗单侧神经根型颈椎病的有效手术方法。     

Alternating cervical laminoplasty for cervical spondylotic myelopathy

We present a novel method of performing an 'open-door' cervical laminoplasty. The complete laminotomy is sited on alternate sides at successive levels, thereby allowing the posterior arch to be elevated to alternate sides. Foraminotomies can be carried out on either side to relieve root compression. The midline structures are preserved. We undertook this procedure in 23 elderly patients with a spondylotic myelopathy. Each was assessed clinically and radiologically before and after their operation. Follow-up was for a minimum of three years (mean 4.5 years; 3 to 7). Using the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association scoring system, the mean pre-operative score was 8.1 (6 to 10), which improved post-operatively to a mean of 12.7 (11 to 14). The mean percentage improvement was 61% (50% to 85.7%) after three years. The canal/vertebral body ratio improved from a mean of 0.65 (0.33 to 0.73) pre-operatively to 0.94 (0.5 to 1.07) postoperatively. Alternating cervical laminoplasty can be performed safely in elderly patients with minimal morbidity and good results.     

前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术与动态装置植入术治疗单节段颈椎椎间盘突出症

目的对比前路颈椎椎间盘切除融合术(ACDF)与颈椎前路动态装置植入术(DCI)对单节段颈椎椎间盘突出症(CDH)患者颈椎活动度(ROM)及术后颈椎曲度的影响。方法回顾性分析2018年6月—2019年9月海军军医大学长征医院收治的78例单节段CDH患者临床资料,其中42例采用ACDF治疗(ACDF组),36例采用DCI治疗(DCI组)。记录并比较2组患者手术时间、术中出血量,术前及术后1年日本骨科学会(JOA)评分、疼痛视觉模拟量表(VAS)评分、手术节段Cobb角、C2~7颈椎曲度、邻近椎体高度及颈椎各运动方向(前屈后伸、左右侧曲、左右旋转)的ROM。结果所有手术顺利完成。2组术中出血量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。DCI组手术时间比ACDF组短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者术后1年JOA评分、VAS评分和邻近椎体高度均较术前改善,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年ACDF组C2~7颈椎曲度、手术节段Cobb角均较术前有所丢失,DCI组无明显丢失,组间比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年2组前屈后伸、左右侧曲ROM与术前比较均未出现明显变化,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后1年2组左右旋转ROM出现了相近程度的受限,与术前比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ACDF与DCI治疗单节段CDH均可获得满意的临床效果,虽然ACDF术后影像学资料显示有生理曲度的丢失,但颈椎ROM维持良好,并不影响患者的生活质量。     

颈椎不稳在交感型颈椎病发病中的作用

目的：研究交感型颈椎病的病理因素及治疗方法。方法：回顾分析了1988-2000年收治的20例手术治疗的交感型颈椎病患者。根据术前及术后颈椎伸屈侧位X光片判断有无颈椎不稳。结果：20例患者术前均有颈椎不稳,颈椎不稳主要发生在C3-C4和C4-C5,颈椎高位硬膜外封闭对大部分患者有短期效果。每例患者均于不稳节段行颈前路融合术,手术有效率为90％。结论：颈椎不稳是导致交感型颈椎病发病的重要因素;颈椎高位硬膜外封闭可有短期疗效因此具有重要的诊断价值;颈椎前路植骨融合术是治疗交感型颈椎病的有效方法。     

Percutaneous cervical nucleoplasty and percutaneous cervical discectomy treatments of the contained cervical disc herniation

Background  

There were no studies in literature to compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous nucleoplasty (PCN) and percutaneous cervical discectomy (PCD) in contained cervical disc herniation.     

Anterior cervical microforaminotomy for cervical radiculopathy--results and review

Analysis of anterior cervical microforaminotomy performed at the North Staffordshire University Hospital along with a review of literature of this minimally invasive procedure is presented. METHODS: A retrospective-prospective study was performed on 34 patients (24 males, 10 females) with cervical disc disease who had been surgically treated with anterior cervical microforaminotomy between 1999 and 2005. Age ranged from 37 to 75. MRI findings were disc prolapse in 28 and additional osteophytes in six. Microforaminotomy was performed according to the published technique. RESULTS: Single level operations were performed in 22 patients (21 unilateral, 1 bilateral) and multi-level operations were performed in 12 patients (7 unilateral and 5 bilateral). The short-term outcomes were excellent in 65% (i.e., complete resolution of all symptoms), good in 29% (relief of radiculopathy but some non-radicular discomfort persists), and fair in 6% (mild residual radiculopathy with or without non-radicular symptoms). Postoperative complications include one patient with partial C6 root damage, which was identified intraoperatively, but had excellent results at 2 months post operation. Long-term follow-up (using the cervical spine research society questionnaire) ranged from 2-48 months. The average pain score, neurological outcome and functional outcome improved after this operation. RE-OPERATION: One patient, who had 2 level bilateral surgeries, needed discectomies with fusion for new onset myelopathy 18 months later. CONCLUSION: Appropriate patient selection is cardinal in achieving good outcome in anterior microforaminotomy.     

Postoperative instability of cervical OPLL and cervical radiculomyelopathy

The presence of cervical spine instability with respect to preoperative and postoperative changes in angular, horizontal, and rotational displacement of the vertebral body were studied. With the anterior approach, the instability in the remaining unfused segments, and their relation to the kyphotic or lordotic fused segment were studied. With the posterior approach, postoperative ROM (range of motion) could be better maintained, and horizontal displacement was improved in more cases by laminoplasty compared with laminectomy. With the anterior approach, the compensatory function for the loss of motion of the segments resulting from fusion was most remarkable at the levels of C2-3 and C6-7. In the alignment of the anterior fused segments, it appears important that the physiologic lordotic position be maintained.