婴儿啼哭的声谱分析

使用声谱分析婴儿与临床问题有关的异常哭声的声学特征是一门新的学科,本文参阅国外近年来从生物、社会角度使用哭声分析工具对婴儿啼哭的研究资料发现,对婴儿啼哭的计算机分析,对新生儿猝死、早产儿神经系统的长期发育提供了具有诊断价值的意义,并对妊娠母亲吸毒、酗酒及铅中毒婴儿啼哭的前瞻性研究提供了理论依据;又从社会角度对婴儿啼哭的母婴关系发展及婴儿的社会行为健康发展具有指导意义.总之应在我国有条件开展婴儿啼哭分析中,提高临床质量及为护理提供理论依据.     

婴儿啼哭的声谱分析

使用声谱分析婴儿与临床问题有关的异常哭声的声学特征是一门新的学科，本文参阅国外近年来从生物、社会角度使用哭声分析工具对婴儿啼哭的研究资料发现，对婴儿啼哭的计算机分析，对新生儿猝死、早产儿神经系统的长期发育提供了具有诊断价值的意义，并对妊娠母亲吸毒、酗酒及负中毒婴儿啼哭的前瞻性研究提供了理论依据；又从社会角度对婴儿啼哭的母婴关系发展及婴儿的社会行为健康发展具有指导意义。总之应在我国有条件开展婴儿啼哭分析中，提高临床质量及为护理提供理论依据。     

从婴儿哭声辨疾病

啼哭是婴儿的本能,无论来自身体内部的刺激,精神上的冲动,都可以引起啼哭。婴儿的哭声牵动父母的心弦,年轻的妈妈见孩子啼哭就喂奶,以为只要塞住那张小嘴巴就会安然无事,其实婴儿啼哭并非皆因饥饿,身上衣着过多,被褥过厚引起烦热,寒冷、尿布潮湿、蚊虫叮咬等皆可引起啼哭,除去这些原因,哭声自然停止。还有要抱、要爱抚或要想得到玩具等要挟性哭闹,一旦满足其要求,哭声就会停止。这些属于婴儿生理性啼哭。     

婴儿语言——啼哭

来到人间,婴儿向世界的第一声问候,是他的啼哭。婴儿的啼哭是他的语言,如果细细倾听,你便会发现婴儿不同的哭声表示了不同的内容。这些啼哭从医学角度来看可分为生理性和病理性两大类,如果发现是病理性啼哭,年轻的父母千万不能大意,一定要及时就医。生理性啼哭饥饿、口干:婴儿饥饿或口干时,哭声低弱,断断续续。当听到有人声及食具的响声时,婴儿会暂时停止啼哭。待人走近后,婴儿常左右摆动他的小脑     

新生儿父母需要了解的16个常见现象

现象1:哭声 啼哭是婴儿正常、健康的表现,没有啼哭或尖叫或微弱的像猫声样属异常的哭声.生理需要的啼哭多是饥饿、肚子痛、尿湿等原因,这种哭声高亢,面色红润,出汗,双脚乱蹬,但如有时无缘无故地“哇”一声大哭一下后又急速地止住了,这样的哭声多是异常的.     

婴幼儿哭声的鉴别与保健要点

婴幼儿的哭声是其表达语言的一种形式 ,正确地鉴别婴幼儿的哭声有助于医护人员正确理解婴幼儿的需求 ,也助于判断疾病的类型。根据哭声可鉴别生理性啼哭 (饥饿性啼哭 ,需求性啼哭 ,要挟性啼哭 ,惊吓性啼哭等 )及病理性啼哭 (各种疾病时的啼哭 )。针对不同类型啼哭制定出相应的护理要点 ,有利于提高医疗护理质量。     

新生宝宝哭声翻译器

正宝宝从第一声啼哭开始,就与哭结下了不解之缘。新生宝宝不会说话,哭声就是他们的语言。困了、饿了、痛了、尿了……都是用哭来表示。作为新生宝宝的照顾者,首先需要学会观察,读懂他们的语言,明白不同的哭声代表着不同的含义。这也是新手父母以及婴儿照顾者——育儿嫂需要知道的知识。宝宝表达饿了、困了、难受时,哭声的表现也会有所不同。无论是新手父母还是育儿嫂都需要学会识别不同的哭声类型,以便快速、准确地做出判断并做好相应护理。     

婴幼儿哭声的鉴别与保健要点

婴幼儿的哭声是其表达语言的一种形式，正确地鉴别婴幼儿的哭声有助于医护人员正确理解婴幼儿的需求，也助于判断疾病的类型。根据哭声可鉴别生理性啼哭，惊吓性啼哭等）及病理性啼哭（各种疾病时的啼哭）。针对不同类型啼哭制定出相应的护理要点，有利于提高医疗护理质量。     

学会鉴别婴幼儿的哭声

婴幼儿不会说话,啼哭声却是婴幼儿表达需求或痛苦的一种语言形式。当机体受到一定的内源或外源性刺激后,多数婴幼儿都会发出啼哭声。临床研究表明,婴儿啼哭有的是表达生理需求,有的则是疾病的反应。学会鉴别婴幼儿的哭声有助于医护人员或家长正确处理婴幼儿需求,也有助于判断疾病类型。 婴幼儿啼哭主要可分为生理性啼哭和病理性啼哭两大类。     

小儿啼哭的观察和护理

啼哭在小儿中最为常见，《幼科心法》说：“有声有泪声长日哭，有声无泪声短日啼”^[1]。啼哭是婴儿的语言，既是新生儿的一种本能，也可能是身体不适的表现。新生儿乃致婴幼儿常以啼哭表达要求和痛苦^[2]。小儿啼哭有生理性和病理性之分，儿科临床护理工作中应注意观察。辨别小儿的哭声，对判断不儿的病情变化有着十分重要的意义。     

Optimal selection of mother wavelet for accurate infant cry classification

Wavelet theory is emerging as one of the prevalent tool in signal and image processing applications. However, the most suitable mother wavelet for these applications is still a relative question mark amongst researchers. Selection of best mother wavelet through parameterization leads to better findings for the analysis in comparison to random selection. The objective of this article is to compare the performance of the existing members of mother wavelets and to select the most suitable mother wavelet for accurate infant cry classification. Optimal wavelet is found using three different criteria namely the degree of similarity of mother wavelets, regularity of mother wavelets and accuracy of correct recognition during classification processes. Recorded normal and pathological infant cry signals are decomposed into five levels using wavelet packet transform. Energy and entropy features are extracted at different sub bands of cry signals and their effectiveness are tested with four supervised neural network architectures. Findings of this study expound that, the Finite impulse response based approximation of Meyer is the best wavelet candidate for accurate infant cry classification analysis.     

基于CiteSpace国内婴儿哭声研究领域的知识图谱分析

目的 分析国内婴儿哭声研究领域的现状,探索该领域国内研究热点,旨在为婴儿哭声领域科研工作提供一定思路和依据。方法 检索CNKI建库至2021年12月期间所收录的婴儿哭声相关研究文献,运用CiteSpace软件对纳入文献从发文量、作者、机构、关键词、突现5个方面进行可视化分析。结果 共纳入190篇文献,1980—2021年间该领域发文量整体呈上升趋势;研究作者较少,作者间合作网络尚未形成;研究机构之间交互性差,发文量最多的是杭州医学院及其附属医院;“护理干预”、“哭声信息识别”、“深度学习”为该领域研究热点;“护理”、“新生儿”、“婴儿哭声”、“深度学习”为该领域研究前沿;研究趋势由新生儿病理性哭声研究转向婴儿哭声针对性干预、深度学习。结论 国内婴儿哭声领域受到更多重视,未来应强化作者和机构间的合作交流,融合多学科发展,扩大研究范围,可从婴儿情感需求分析、智能医学与监护、新型护理干预方法等方面着手,加速国内婴儿哭声研究进程。     

NICU婴儿培养箱集中管理策略

婴儿培养箱的使用和管理存在诸多的问题,其中清洁消毒的问题尤为突出.通过对NICU婴儿培养箱的集中管理,探索出一条针对临床行之有效的策略.临床工程的介入,使婴儿培养箱在维修、维护、保养、清洁、培训等方面更加合理.科学的管理可优质服务于患儿,取得真正满意的效果.     

Mothers' Ability to Discriminate Cry Types in Low-Birthweight Premature and Full-Term Infants

Mothers' perceptions of infant crying were investigated. Participants were 40 primiparous mothers of full-term newborns, low-birthweight premature (LBWP) new-borns, 6-month-old full-terms, and 6-month-old LBWP infants. Mothers listened to tape-recorded cries of LBWP or full-term infants and responded to the following: cause of cry, confidence in their response to the cause of cry question, aversiveness of the cry, how upset the infant sounded, how "sick" the infant sounded, and whether the infant needed to be held. Analysis of responses indicated that LBWP infants' cries were perceived as more aversive and more "sick sounding" than those of full-term infants. Mothers, especially mothers of infants, were more inaccurate when discriminating the causes of LBWP infants' cries. Several findings indicated that mothers of LBWP infants are more apt to withdraw from a premature infant's cry than respond to it. This study suggests early communication problems in the LBWP infant-mother dyad and supports previous findings concerning the potential for later social interaction difficulties.     

婴幼儿脑损伤及其早期评估

随着危重新生儿救治存活率的提高,脑损伤高危婴幼儿亦有所增加,临床医生需要认识婴幼儿脑损伤并掌握早期识别婴幼儿脑损伤的方法。本文简述了不同类型的婴幼儿脑损伤及其远期发育风险,从临床病史、辅助检查和标准化评估三个方面介绍婴幼儿脑损伤的早期评估,以期为实现脑损伤婴幼儿的早期干预,改善远期发育结局提供参考。     

Safeway Supermarkets resource pack: A partnership between industry and schools to produce a resource pack

Behavioral microanalyses of early parent‐infant communication have revealed nonconscious adaptive behaviors in the parent which function as effective soothing interventions and may prevent excessive infant crying. Elicited by the infant's subtle non‐cry signals, parental nonconscious interventions facilitate the infant's postpartum physiological, affective, and integrative adaptation, and support non‐cry communication and speech acquisition.

Reciprocal interrelations between factors of infant crying and intuitive forms of parental interventions are represented in a psychobiological interactional model predicting twofold outcomes. In one direction, parental interventions may function as a protective buffer which mitigates the effects of factors causing irritability, unexplained fussiness, and abnormal crying in infants until compensatory improvements are gradually achieved. In the other direction, intuitive parental caregiving may fail due to primary unfavorable predispositions and#shor secondarily due to the effects of infant crying. Such failure may exacerbate infant crying and start a vicious circle of decompensation leading to syndromes of neglect or abuse. The model offers a basis for both further empirical studies, and clinical improvements of diagnosis, prevention, and therapy of interactional failures.     

Adults' perceptual shifts between infant fussing and crying: A proposition

Parents attending our cry clinic are invited to participate in a variety of activities, including the maintenance of a cry-diary. In many cases infants' daily records and parental reports demonstrate a marked improvement quite quickly. This observation has prompted broad questions about the efficacy of our procedures generally and about parents' perceptions of infant crying in particular. At the extremes these general questions range from: “Are we offering just what is needed, tailored to meet family needs?” to, “Are we 'doomed to succeed'?” that is, almost regardless of what is provided positive outcomes occur. On this occasion we present a limited and particular scheme which is helpful for both accommodating observed changes in parents' perception of infant vocalization and for guiding educational interventions.     

The Transmission of Trauma from Mother to Infant: Radioactive Residues and Counter-Transference in the Case of a Haitian Mother and Her Two-Year-Old Son*

ABSTRACT

Close observation of the interactions between a traumatised mother and her infant son provides information on the modes of transmission of psychic trauma in the mother–infant dyad. Following the presentation of a current literature review on the theme, the subject of “radioactive residue” and counter-transference in the transmission of psychic trauma from mother to infant will be illustrated through a clinical case study that focuses on a Haitian mother and her two-year-old infant son who has been referred to a “transitional care nursery” in urban Paris. The encounter with this mother–infant dyad is analysed through observing the quality of the interactions that take place between the mother and infant in order to determine how a particularly traumatic narrative impacts the mother–infant relationship, in addition to relations with the clinician. Mother and infant respond to one another through the emission and reception of “radioactive residues” as hypothesized by Gampel. This clinical case study shows that there is a need to consider transcultural factors and collective experience and history when analysing traumatic events. Additionally, the case study shows that counter-transference can be an effective clinical tool for gaining access to an infant's experience as the recipient of a traumatic narrative.     

早产儿Prader-Willi综合征及16P13.11微缺失1例报道

目的介绍1例早产儿Prader-Willi综合征及16P13.11微缺失的临床特点及基因诊断。方法对1例确诊为Prader-Willi综合征及16P13.11微缺失的早产儿临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果该例早产儿主要有喂养困难、吸吮力弱、肌张力低下、哭声低弱、特殊面容、隐睾、抽搐的症状,但无身材矮小等特征。矫正胎龄41周时确诊为Prader-Willi综合征。结论 Prader-Willi综合征在新生儿期临床诊断较困难,尤其是早产儿,更容易出现漏诊、误诊,新生儿科医生要提高对其早期识别。对于早产儿,早期胎龄越小,喂养困难、吸吮力弱、肌张力低下等临床特征越不具有特异性,确诊该病需要进行相关基因检测,同时还可能发现其他病变。     

新生儿败血症早期临床诊断

目的:探讨诊断新生儿败血症早期的临床首发症状及实验室依据,以益早期诊治。方法:对我院新生儿科2001年1月~2004年12月收治的416例败血症患儿进行回顾性分析,分为足月儿组及早产儿组,分别对其发病时间、感染途径、临床首发症状及实验室检查等方面进行对比。结果:两组均以生后7日后发生率高;感染途径足月儿以皮肤、脐部为主,早产儿以呼吸道为主;临床表现上足月儿组首发症状依次为发热、纳少、皮肤黄疸、反应差。而早产儿组以体温波动、纳少、皮肤黄疸、腹胀及呼吸暂停为首发症状;早期的实验室检查以中性粒细胞与C反应蛋白(简称CRP)增高、血小板减少、以及血糖的变化对临床早期诊治较有意义。结论:新生儿临床败血症应注意早期反复发热或体温波动、纳少、皮肤黄疸、反应差等隐匿的中毒症状,并且结合入院周围血象、CRP、血糖及感染途径进行综合分析,对早期的诊治有指导意义。