胖大海的真伪鉴别

目的鉴别胖大学与圆粒苹婆.方法对两者进行性状鉴别、显微鉴别、紫外光谱鉴别.结果两者的3种鉴别方法都有显著区别.结论 3种鉴别方法可用于胖大海与圆粒苹婆的检识.     

中国梧桐科植物花粉类型的研究

用光学显微镜和扫描电镜,对中国梧桐科22属59种的花粉进行形态观察,根据其花粉萌发孔的数目、形状、位置和花粉表面纹饰等,可以将它的花粉分为12个花粉类型:1.苹婆类型(Sterculia—type)、2.银叶树类型(Heritiera—type)、3.蛇婆子类型(Waltheria—type)、4.梭罗树类型(Reevesia—type)、5.滇桐类型(Craigia—type)、6.昂天莲类型(Ambroma—type)、7.刺果藤类型(Byttneria—type)、8.午时花类型(Pentapetes—type)、9.翅子树类型(Pterospermum—type)、10.山芝麻类型(Helicteres—type)、11.鹧鸪麻类型(Kleinhovia—type)、12.灾绳树类型(Eriola-ena—type)。本文从花粉学的观点,对中国梧桐树花粉类型的划分进行讨论。     

中国梧桐科植物花粉形态的研究 (Ⅰ)苹婆族(Sterculieae)

本文用光学显微镜与扫描电子显微镜观察,描述了中国梧桐科苹婆族(Sterculicae)4个属17种花粉形态,并讨论其各属的亲缘关系。     

臭梧桐中海常素的波谱分析

臭梧桐又名海州常山(Clerodendron trichotomum Thunb.)系马鞭草科(Verbenaceae)植物,其叶有降血压作用,为一常用中药。1963年曾广方等从其叶中分得一新黄酮甙     

化学修饰的刺梧桐树胶作为促进难溶性药物尼莫地平溶解度载体的评价

本文对一种近期发展起来的辅料刺梧桐树胶衍生物 (ＭＧＫ)作为难溶性药物尼莫地平 (ＮＭ)的增溶载体时的作用进行了评价。ＭＧＫ相对于原刺梧桐树胶 (ＧＫ)的优点是通过用它们分别以共研磨法制备的固体混合物在体外溶出度试验中的差异表现出来的。本文对于过程的变化 ,例如多糖浓度的改变和固体混合体的制备方法的改变对尼莫地平的溶出度的影响也进行了研究 ;为了说明溶出度的差异 ,也对溶解性进行了研究。固体混合物是以差示扫描量热法 (ＤＳＣ)、Ｘ射线衍射法 (ＸＲＤ)和扫描电镜法(ＳＥＭ)进行鉴定的。尼莫地平的溶出度随ＭＧＫ的浓度的…     

正交设计法优选元江芦荟多糖提取工艺的研究

目的：探讨优选元江芦荟多糖提取的工艺条件。方法：采用正交设计法．以芦荟多糖中葡萄糖含量为考察指标,对元江芦荟多糖提取过程中纤维素酶加入量、酶消化时间、终止酶消化加热的时间、乙醇沉淀的终浓度4个因素进行筛选。结果：元江芦荟多糖最佳提取工艺条件为：100ml元江芦荟凝胶滤液加入纤维索酶10mg/L,40℃条件下纤维素酶消化3小时,然后90℃水浴加热15分钟,加乙醇使乙醇终浓度为90％。结论：根据元江芦荟多糖最佳提取条件对元江芦荟进行提取多糖,提取率高。     

上海药房连锁有限公司劲松参药店

上海药房连锁有限公司劲松参药店位于上海市黄浦区淮海中路红房子（殖民历史造就淮海中路“原霞飞路“根深蒂固的欧陆风情,红楼洋房掩映于郁郁梧桐中．成为街头一景）,因为此时的淮海路升级改造已经全部完成，     

肺力咳合剂治疗小儿肺炎120例疗效观察

目的观察肺力咳合剂治疗小儿肺炎的疗效。方法采用肺力咳合剂(主要由黄芩、前胡、百部、红花龙胆、梧桐根、白花蛇舌草、红管药等组成)治疗小儿肺炎60例,并设对照组60例,分别观察两组临床治愈时间。结果治疗组临床治愈58例,平均住院天数7.62d;对照组临床治愈44例,平均住院天数10.92d。治疗组的临床疗效好于对照组,平均治疗天数明显短于对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论肺力咳合剂治疗小儿肺炎疗效明显、确切。     

臭梧桐的药理研究 Ⅰ.臭梧桐热浸剂及提出物的毒性和降血压作用

1.本文就臭梧桐的一般性质作了实验性研究,结果证明其降血压成分易溶于水,难溶或不溶于乙醚、乙醇和氯仿,对热稳定,在碱性溶液中可被氯化钙沉淀出来。臭梧桐降血压效果可因产地而不同。开花前的和新鲜的臭梧桐降血压作用分别较开花后的和经长时间保存的要强。2.臭梧桐毒性甚小,其热浸剂和提出物给小鼠静脉注射时半数致死量分别为19.4克/公斤和0.98±0.075克/公斤。给大鼠每天用热浸剂(0.25—2.5克/公斤)灌胃经60天,除少数动物出现安静、轻度收缩压下降和大便变稀外,未发现其他毒性反应。3.臭梧桐提出物(50—100毫克/公斤)和热浸剂(150毫克/公斤)给麻醉大鼠和狗静脉注射时,可引起两度血压下降,但肌肉注射或经口给药,仅引起第二度降血压作用,其作用可维持2—3小时。静脉注射煎剂(麻醉大鼠和狗实验)仅出现第一度降血压作用,经口给药时无效。乙醚、乙醇和氯仿的浸出液不论静脉注射或经口给药,均不引起麻醉动物的血压下降。给肾型高血压大鼠每天经口投予臭梧桐热浸剂(0.5—5克/公斤)和提出物(50毫克/公斤)时,给药的第3—10天卽口出现血压下降,在给药的第二周和停药后的第一周,血压下降最明显,最大降血压作用可达原值的57.4%。多数高血压大鼠的血压在停药后的第二周恢复,少数在停药的2—4天或4周后恢复。     

华南农学院学报第三卷总目录

第一期中国梧桐科苹婆放(S terculieae)植物花粉形态的研究············,,…徐祥浩龙活中国马钱科分类系统研究·················,········,············……’‘””‘·”’.””’‘””’‘’‘””’‘”“中国蒲葵属一新种······················,·················································……韦星伟廿蔗育苗移栽的研究 —甘蔗叶龄、酶活性与移栽后生长关系的研究,·············…     

Two flavonoid glycosides and a phenylpropanoid glucose ester from the leaves of Sterculia foetida

Two new flavonoid glycosides, hypolaetin 4′-methyl ether 8-O-β-d-glucuronide 2″-sulfate (1) and hypolaetin 4′-methyl ether 3′-O-β-d-glucoside (2), and a new phenylpropanoid glucose ester, 1,6-diferuloyl glucose (3), were isolated from the leaves of Sterculia foetida L. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical evidence.     

宁波北仑山区药用种子植物资源调查

通过野外系统的采集标本与调查，已知宁波北仑山区共有野生药用种于植物116科、326属、488种，其中国家药品标准及浙江省药品标准收载的有80科、172属、207种．并对收载的40种常用药用植物资源进行估量，提出合理开发利用与保护的建议。     

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin inhibits regression of the common cardinal vein in developing zebrafish.

A role for the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) pathway in vascular maturation has been implicated by studies in Ahr-null mice. In this study the hypothesis that activation of AHR signaling by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alters common cardinal vein (CCV) development in the zebrafish embryo was investigated. The CCV is a paired vessel that grows across the yolk, connecting to the heart. It is extensively remodeled and regresses as the heart migrates dorsally within the pericardium. TCDD significantly reduced CCV growth as early as 44 h post fertilization (hpf), and CCV area was reduced to 63% of control at 62 hpf. This vascular response to TCDD was at least as sensitive as previously defined endpoints of TCDD developmental toxicity in zebrafish. TCDD also blocked regression of the CCV (by 80 hpf), possibly contributing to the "string-like" heart phenotype seen in TCDD-exposed zebrafish larvae. Dependence of the block in CCV regression on zebrafish (zf) AHR2 was investigated using a zfahr2 specific morpholino to knock down expression of AHR2. The zfahr2 morpholino had no effect on CCV regression in the absence of TCDD, but did protect against the TCDD-induced block of CCV regression. This demonstrates that the TCDD-induced block in CCV regression is AHR2 dependent. It is significant that decreased CCV growth occurs before and inhibition of CCV regression occurs concurrent with overt signs of TCDD developmental toxicity. This suggests that alterations of vascular growth and remodeling may play a role in TCDD developmental toxicity in zebrafish.     

Pharmacological studies on sterculia foetida leaves

An alcoholic extract of Sterculia foetida L. leaves was subjected to pharmacological screening using various animal models. The extract caused reduced exploratory activity in mice. Further it potentiated pentobarbitone sleeping time in normal and chronic pentobarbitone-treated mice. It also potentiated barbital sodium-induced hypnosis, indicating central nervous system depressant activity. The extract also exhibited significant antiinflammatory activity in the acute carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and the chronic granuloma pouch models. However, it was devoid of analgesic activity in the tail flick model.     

Pharmacological Studies On Sterculia Foetida Leaves

An alcoholic extract of Sterculia foetida L. leaves was subjected to pharmacological screening using various animal models. The extract caused reduced exploratory activity in mice. Further it potentiated pentobarbitone sleeping time in normal and chronic pentobarbitone-treated mice. It also potentiated barbital sodium-induced hypnosis, indicating central nervous system depressant activity. The extract also exhibited significant antiinflammatory activity in the acute carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and the chronic granuloma pouch models. However, it was devoid of analgesic activity in the tail flick model.     

Taraxer-14-en-3beta-ol, an anti-inflammatory compound from Sterculia foetida L

Taraxer-14-en-3beta-ol ( 1) was shown to be the active ingredient in the leaves of Sterculia foetida L. The alcohol 1, its acetate and ketone showed anti-inflammatory activity against TPA induced mouse ear oedema with inhibition ratios of 60.0, 58.57 and 40.57 at 0.5 mg/ear, respectively. The percentage inhibition of inflammation increased with dose for each compound.     

气质联用法分析胖大海中挥发性成分

目的:分析胖大海中挥发性化学成分,探讨不同因素对萃取效果的影响。方法:用顶空固相微萃取(HS-SPME)技术对胖大海顶空取样,结合气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术对胖大海挥发性成分进行分析。结果:在最佳萃取条件下,从胖大海挥发性成分中分离出44个峰,鉴定出41种成分,占挥发性成分总量的99.11%,主要有单萜及其衍生物、脂肪烃类、醇类、醛类、倍半萜及其衍生物、脂肪酸类成分。含量最高的成分是乙烯基环己烷,占挥发性成分总量的20.77%。结论:萃取温度、萃取时间对萃取效果的影响较大,建立的HS-SPME-GC-MS方法适合胖大海挥发性成分的快速分析,可以作为胖大海质量控制的方法之一。     

Design,development and optimization of oral colon targeted drug delivery system of azathioprine using biodegradable polymers

The present study was aimed at designing a microflora triggered colon targeted drug delivery system (MCDDS) based on swellable polysaccharide, Sterculia gum in combination with biodegradable polymers with a view to specifically deliver azathioprine in the colonic region for the treatment of IBD with reduced systemic toxicity. The microflora degradation properties of Sterculia gum was investigated in rat caecal phosphate buffer medium. The polysaccharide tablet cores were coated to different film thicknesses with blends of Eudragit RLPO and chitosan and overcoated with Eudragit L00 to provide acid and intestinal resistance. Swelling and drug release studies were carried out in simulated gastric fluid, SGF (pH 1.2), simulated intestinal fluid, SIF (pH 6.8) and simulated colonic fluid, SCF (pH 7.4 under anaerobic environment), respectively. Drug release study in SCF revealed that swelling force of the Sterculia gum could concurrently drive the drug out of the polysaccharide core due to the rupture of the chitosan/Eudargit coating in microflora activated environment. The degradation of chitosan was the rate-limiting factor for drug release in the colon. Drug release from the MCDDS was directly proportional to the concentration of the pore former (chitosan), but inversely related to the Eudragit RLPO coating thickness.     

Hepatocyte vacuolation and increased liver weight occurring in anoxic rats.

Hepatocyte vacuoles are often observed histologically in rats used in toxicology tests. They are regular in outline, contain eosinophilic material, and several may be present in individual hepatocytes, particularly those in the centrilobular areas. This vacuolation has been shown to result from anoxia. It occurs in rats that are not bled immediately after death and if there is a slight delay of only a few minutes before removal of the liver. It is enhanced if the animals are killed using volatile anesthetics in anoxic conditions. The vaculoes contain blood plasma which is thought to move through the disrupted spaces of Disse and hepatocyte plasma membranes into the cells. Anoxic vacuolation is associated with an increase in liver weight. It is important, therefore, both from a morphological viewpoint and with regard to the liver/body weight ratio, that this lesion be avoided in toxicology tests by ensuring that the necropsy is performed and that the animals are bled immediately after cessation of breathing.