慢性精神分裂症事件相关电位P300与认知功能成套测验的研究

目的探讨慢性精神分裂症P300的波幅、潜伏期的变化,及其与认知功能成套测验的关系。方法检测41例慢性精神分裂症患者（患者组）及40名正常人（对照组）Cz、Fz、Pz 3点的P300,并用认知功能成套测验（MCCB）评定其认知功能。结果与正常对照相比,在Cz、Fz、Pz 3点,患者组P300波幅降低,潜伏期延长 患者组女性波幅明显比男性高。P300与MCCB相关分析显示,Fz潜伏期与连线、符号编码及持续操作呈负相关 Cz潜伏期与连线、符号编码、言语记忆及迷宫呈负相关 Pz潜伏期与符号编码、迷宫及视觉记忆呈负相关 Pz波幅与符号编码、空间广度、迷宫及视觉记忆呈正相关。结论P300及MCCB可以反映出额叶、顶叶及枕叶的情况,将神经生理学与神经心理学结合起来,说明他们可以从两方面共同对大脑认知功能做出评定。     

成都市区污染空气中PM2.5对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响

目的:研究成都地区污染空气中PM2.5微粒对大鼠学习记忆能力的影响。方法:Morris水迷宫筛选后的雄性SD大鼠32只,随机分为:对照组、PM2.5低剂量组、PM2.5中剂量组、PM2.5高剂量组(n=8)。用EM-2062A颗粒物采样器采集2016年7月14日至7月30日成都市区污染严重区域空气中的PM2.5微粒,制成混悬液后对大鼠进行气管滴注染毒处理,低、中、高剂量组PM2.5混悬液分别为0.96mg·kg~(-1)、3.84mg·kg~(-1)和15.36mg·kg~(-1),3周后以水迷宫实验对比其学习记忆能力,ELISA检测其肺组织IL~(-1)β的水平。结果:与对照组相比,染毒大鼠的逃避潜伏期均有所增加,且高剂量组增加最多(P0.05),而有效区域运动时间长度则与染毒剂量呈反比。结论:成都地区污染空气中PM2.5微粒能够损害大鼠的学习记忆能力,这种损害与PM2.5微粒的浓度有关。     

JNK/CCl2通路诱导巨噬细胞募集并促进PM(2.5)颗粒物暴露诱导的幼年大鼠过敏性气道炎症

目的：基于JNK/CCl2信号通路诱导的巨噬细胞募集探讨PM(2.5)暴露对幼年大鼠气道炎症的作用及其机制。方法：幼年SD大鼠50只,随机分为5组（n=10）,其中对照组不进行任何处理,PM(2.5)组幼年大鼠接受PM(2.5)颗粒物暴露,PM(2.5)+茴香霉素组幼年大鼠接受PM(2.5)暴露以及静脉注射JNK的激活剂茴香霉素,PM(2.5)+SP600125组幼年大鼠接受PM(2.5)暴露以及静脉注射JNK拮抗剂SP600125,PM(2.5)+吡非尼酮组幼年大鼠接受PM(2.5)暴露以及静脉注射CCl2拮抗剂吡非尼酮。安乐死幼年大鼠取肺组织,Western blot法检测JNK、磷酸化的JNK(p-JNK)和CCl2的蛋白表达水平变化,用苏木精-伊红（HE）染色检测肺部气道组织的病理变化并进行肺支气管炎症评分。流式细胞术分析肺泡灌洗液中巨噬细胞含量的变化。ELISA检测各组幼年大鼠的肺泡灌洗液中促炎因子IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α水平。结果：各组间JNK、p-JNK、CCl2的表达水平（F=205.296、950.408、260.019;均P<0.001）,巨噬细胞含量...     

长期住院精神分裂症患者认知功能相关研究

目的探讨长期住院精神分裂症患者认知功能情况,其性别、年龄、病程是否存在差异。方法对41例长期住院精神分裂症患者进行认知功能成套测验(MCCB)测评,并选取在性别、年龄、受教育程度等方面均与之相匹配的正常人做对照。结果 1患者与正常对照相比,连线测验、符号编码、言语记忆、迷宫、情绪管理以及MCCB总分均存在显著性差异(t=-2.09,P=0.040;t=-3.54,P=0.001;t=-3.10,P=0.003;t=-3.39,P=0.001;t=-2.60,P=-0.011;t=-2.50,P=0.015),患者分数均比正常对照低;2患者男性与女性MCCB不存在显著性差异(P0.05);3患者年龄分组比较,其中41~49岁组的言语记忆、迷宫、视觉记忆分数以及总分均显著高于≥50岁组(t=2.31,P=0.031;t=2.66,P=0.012;t=1.99,P=0.047;t=2.29,P=0.028);并且该组言语记忆测验分数也显著高于≤40岁组(t=-2.35,P=0.029);4患者病程分组比较,其中病程≤15年组的符号编码、视觉记忆、情绪管理能力分数以及总分均明显低于病程≥25年组(t=-2.27,P=0.035;t=-2.44,P=0.024;t=-2.57,P=0.018;t=-2.04,P=0.050);病程≤15年组的符号编码、MCCB总分均明显低于病程15~24年组(t=-2.26,P=0.037;t=-2.26,P=0.035)。结论长期住院精神分裂症患者存在认知功能损害,其认知功能损害无明显性别差异,但在年龄及病程方面有差异。     

受多重侵害后伴及不伴创伤后应激症状青年女性情绪处理的功能性磁共振成像研究

目的:探讨遭受多重侵害(PV)伴或不伴创伤后应激症状(PTSS)的女生加工不同情绪刺激的脑功能特点.方法:运用青少年侵害问卷(JVQ)和创伤后应激障碍症状清单平民版量表(PCL-C)对济南市某专科学校1802名学生的PV和PTSS进行筛查,筛选出30名遭受过多重侵害(JVQ总分≥5分、模块计分≥3分)的青年女性,其中,PCL-C得分≥38分者为PV有PTSS组(n=15); PCL-C得分＜38分者为PV无PTSS组(n=15).另筛选15名JVQ总分=0分,PCL-C得分＜38分者作为正常对照组.三组年龄、智力(使用瑞文标准推理测验评价)匹配.所有对象均接受国际情绪图片系统中正性-中性-负性三组图片刺激的脑功能磁共振成像扫描,任务为组块设计.利用SPM8软件处理影像数据.结果:识别正性图片时,PV无PTSS组双侧额上回(BA9),右侧额下回(BA47),左侧扣带前回(BA24、32)等脑区激活的强度高于对照组;识别负性图片时,右侧额中回(BA46),左侧扣带回(BA24)、岛叶激活的强度高于对照组.与PV有PTSS组相比,PV无PTSS组识别正性图片时,右侧额上回(BA6)、额中回(BA10),左侧额上回(BA10)、额下回(BA9)、岛叶激活增强,而右侧楔前叶激活降低;识别负性图片时,枕中回(BA19)激活增强,而右侧扣带前回(BA10),左侧额内侧回(BA9)、扣带前回(BA32)激活降低.结论:遭受多重侵害后无PTSS的青年女性情绪加工异常,主要表现在前额叶、扣带前回和岛叶活动性增强;有PTSS者加工负性情绪时,前额叶和扣带前回的功能异常加重.     

标准桃金娘油减轻PM2.5致大鼠气道黏液纤毛的损伤

目的观察大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)致大鼠气道黏液纤毛清除系统的损伤作用及标准桃金娘油干预的影响。方法将大鼠分成对照组(N组)、PM2.5暴露组(PM组)、标准桃金娘油干预组(PM+CS组),分别予以吸入净化空气、暴露石家庄室外空气(PM2.5浓度的范围29.90 mg/m^3~99.65 mg/m^3)、标准桃金娘油混悬液300 mg/(kg·d)灌胃。于3和6个月各处死大鼠8只,气管及肺组织行HE和AB-PAS染色;扫描电镜观察纤毛超微结构;计数BALF中细胞及分类;RT-qPCR测定黏蛋白(MUC)5AC mRNA和水通道蛋白(AQP)5 mRNA表达;免疫组化、Western blot测定MUC5AC蛋白表达。结果PM组肺及气管组织炎性损伤及黏液细胞化生明显;气管纤毛黏连、倒伏及缺失、排列稀疏、紊乱,BALF中白细胞总数、中性粒细胞计数和中性粒细胞百分比显著高于N组(P<0.05);MUC5AC mRNA相对表达量显著高于N组(P<0.05);AQP5 mRNA相对表达量显著低于N组(P<0.05);MUC5AC蛋白表达显著高于N组(P<0.05)。与PM组相比,标准桃金娘油可减轻上述损伤作用(P<0.05)。结论标准桃金娘油可通过减轻PM2.5致大鼠的纤毛结构损伤、黏液高分泌和炎性损伤作用,对黏液纤毛清除系统起保护作用。     

第30期临床高级心理测量师全国培训班通知

正项目编号2017-03-09-053(国)随着临床对心理测验需求快速增加,培养高级心理测量人才成为各医院的普遍要求。培训班由邹义壮教授主讲心理测验的最新进展和临床应用。包括MMPI计算机解释诊断专家系统(心理CT)、神经认知功能测验系统(脑功能CT)、前瞻性记忆测验(PMB)、精神分裂症认知功能成套测验(MCCB)、基于操作的技能测验(UPSA)、情绪智力测验(MS-     

认知应对疗法联合帕罗西汀治疗广泛性焦虑障碍的随机对照试验

目的:探讨认知应对治疗(CCT)联合帕罗西汀对广泛性焦虑障碍(GAD)的短期临床疗效、社会功能以及认知功能的影响。方法:选取符合美国精神障碍诊断统计手册第5版(DSM-5)诊断标准的70例GAD患者,按随机数字表法分为CCT联合帕罗西汀组35例(31例完成)、帕罗西汀组35例(32例完成)。两组患者分别在基线期以及治疗4周后完成焦虑自评量表(SAS)、汉密顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、社会功能缺陷量表(SDSS)评估、事件相关电位P300检查、MATRICS共识认知成套测验(MCCB)成套认知测验。结果:经过4周治疗后,CCT联合帕罗西汀组在SAS评分、HAMA评分、SDSS评分低于帕罗西汀组(P<0.05),P300波幅、MCCB评分注意/警觉性、推理解决问题能力、社会认知领域显著高于帕罗西汀组(P<0.05),CCT联合帕罗西汀组的总显效率(51.6%)显著高于帕罗西汀组(25%)。结论:认知应对治疗联合帕罗西汀对GAD患者的治疗在短期内起到增效或协同作用,能够有效提高患者的社会功能,对患者的认知功能具有一定的改善作用。     

第30期 临床高级心理测量师全国培训班通知

正项目编号2017-03-09-053(国)随着临床对心理测验需求快速增加,培养高级心理测量人才成为各医院的普遍要求。培训班由邹义壮教授主讲心理测验的最新进展和临床应用。包括MMPI计算机解释诊断专家系统(心理CT)、神经认知功能测验系统(脑功能CT)、前瞻性记忆测验(PMB)、精神分裂症认知功能成套测验(MCCB)、基于操作的技能测验(UPSA)、情绪智力测验(MS-     

正常成人认知功能与年龄、性别、受教育程度的关系

目的 :探讨认知功能与年龄、性别、受教育程度的关系。方法 :对 12 0名正常受试者采用全套韦氏成人智力测验 (WAIS -RC)、逻辑记忆测验 (即刻、延迟 )、视觉再生 (即刻、延迟 )、Stroop测验 (C、C -W)、词汇流畅测验、连线测验A、连线测验B、汉诺塔测验 (TOH)、威斯康辛卡片分类测验—改良版 (M -WCST)等神经心理学测验进行测评。结果 :男性在某些语言功能、视觉空间能力上优于女性 ;年龄是影响右侧大脑半球认知功能的重要因素 ;受教育年限主要影响语言的抽象、概括能力。结论 :性别、年龄、受教育年限是影响认知功能的重要因素     

Gray matter reduction associated with psychopathology and cognitive dysfunction in unipolar depression: a voxel-based morphometry study

BACKGROUND: Functional neuroimaging studies on both cognitive processing and psychopathology in patients with major depression have reported several functionally aberrant brain areas within limbic-cortical circuits. However, less is known about the relationship between psychopathology, cognitive deficits and regional volume alterations in this patient population. METHODS: By means of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and a standardized neuropsychological test battery, we examined 15 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depression disorder and 14 healthy controls in order to investigate the relationship between affective symptoms, cognitive deficits and structural abnormalities. RESULTS: Patients with depression showed reduced gray matter concentration (GMC) in the left inferior temporal cortex (BA 20), the right orbitofrontal (BA 11) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA 46). Reduced gray matter volume (GMV) was found in the left hippocampal gyrus, the cingulate gyrus (BA 24/32) and the thalamus. Structure-cognition correlation analyses revealed that decreased GMC of the right medial and inferior frontal gyrus was associated with both depressive psychopathology and worse executive performance as measured by the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST). Furthermore, depressive psychopathology and worse performance during the WCST were associated with decreased GMV of the hippocampus. Decreased GMV of the cingulate cortex was associated with worse executive performance. LIMITATIONS: Moderate illness severity, medication effects, and the relatively small patient sample size should be taken into consideration when reviewing the implications of these results. CONCLUSIONS: The volumetric results indicate that regional abnormalities in gray matter volume and concentration may be associated with both psychopathological changes and cognitive deficits in depression.     

White matter hyperintensities-related cortical changes and correlation with mild behavioral impairment

PurposeThe aim of this study was to analyze cortical thickness and gray matter volume (GMV) changes in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) which were associated brain regions and their association with mild behavioral impairment (MBI) by means of voxel- and surface-based morphology (VBM and SBM).MethodsA total of 60 patients underwent 3T MRI scan and MBI checklist (MBI-C) assessment and were divided into two groups: lower WMH (LWMH) and higher WMH (HWMH). After adjusting for confounding factors i.e. age, gender, education, and total intracranial volume, we found a GMV decrease in the left anterior insula (AIns), right middle frontal gyrus, right central operculum, right fusiform gyrus, left cerebellum exterior, and thalamus proper in the HWMH group based VBM, while in the HWMH group based SBM we found cortical thickness decrease in the left lingual, right posterior cingulate cortex (rPCC), right precentral, left superior frontal, right medial orbitofrontal gyrus, and left pars opercularis.ResultsThe HWMH group had higher MBI-C scores. The GMV in the left AIns and thalamus proper and the thickness of rPCC negatively correlated with the MBI-C scores. The mediation analysis suggested that WMH may partially mediate MBI-C scores by reducing the GMV and cortical thickness of the mentioned brain regions.ConclusionsIn WMH patients, the occurrence of MBI is associated with atrophy of gray matter and cortex. The occurrence of MBI may be partially mediated by WMH through gray matter and cortical atrophy. It provides a new insight into the relationship between WMH and dementia.     

Gray matter volume differences between lower,average, and higher pain resilience subgroups

Resilience refers to the capacity to function well despite adversity and facilitates adaptation to various stressors, including pain. Previous studies have operationalized resilience via questionnaires or task performance behaviors that do not always correlate with one another and tested extreme (lower vs. higher) resilience subgroup differences that do not permit the assessment of nonlinear associations between resilience and brain matter volume. To address these limitations, we identified high (HPR, N = 21), moderate (MPR, N = 20), and low (LPR, N = 16) pain resilience subgroups from a trait resilience questionnaire as well as behavioral performance on a laboratory pain task. Subsequently, resilience subgroup differences in gray matter volume (GMV) and behavior responses to a novel numerical interference task (NIT) were assessed. Behavioral results indicated the LPR subgroup was slower in responding to NIT trials accompanied by pain compared to MPR, and especially, HPR subgroups. Voxel-based morphology analyses indicated the LPR subgroup had more GMV in the left postcentral gyrus than did MPR and HPR subgroups. LPR and MPR subgroups displayed larger GMV in the right inferior temporal gyrus than did the HPR subgroup. Nonlinear relations reflecting less regional GMV in the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG)/putamen, orbitofrontal cortex and left IFG/insula were also observed for the MPR subgroup compared to LPR and HPR subgroups. In sum, lower pain resilience is characterized, in part, by comparatively greater GMV in pain processing regions and reduced GMV in “resilience” regions, though regional GMV also has several nonlinear associations with resilience.     

基于纤维束空间统计学的吸烟成瘾青少年左右脑白质不对称研究

目的:观察吸烟成瘾青少年左右脑白质结构的不对称性变化。 方法:采用基于纤维束空间统计（TBSS）的分析方法,对23名青少年吸烟成瘾者的脑白质弥散张量成像（DTI）数据进行处理,观察分析出现左右脑白质结构异常不对称的脑区。 结果:通过分析,我们发现青少年成瘾者的脑白质在胼胝体部、胼胝体膝部、胼胝体压部、前放射冠、内囊前肢等脑区处的左右脑白质不对称差异值较大（FWE校正后P<0.05）。Pearson相关分析显示在胼胝体部（r=0.431, P=0.040）、胼胝体膝部（r=0.429, P=0.041）、前放射冠（r=0.477, P=0.021）这些脑区的轴向弥散率（AD）与尼古丁依赖量表（FTND）程度分数呈显著正相关,胼胝体压部与FTND呈显著负相关（r=-0.450, P=0.031）。胼胝体膝部的分数各向异性与FTND呈现显著正相关（r=0.678, P=0.000）。前放射冠的AD与吸烟指数包年（pack-year）呈现显著正相关（r=0.493, P=0.017）。 结论:青少年吸烟成瘾者的胼胝体,前放射冠等脑区的脑白质表现出了异常的左右不对称。     

PM2.5通过p38 MAPK信号通路影响血管平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移

目的:研究细颗粒物(PM2.5)对血管平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移的影响,以及p38 MAPK信号通路在其中的作用。方法:体外培养人血管平滑肌细胞,分为对照组和不同浓度PM2.5染毒组,分别用PBS及6.25、12.5和25 mg/L的PM2.5作用于细胞,用CCK-8法和EdU染色法检测细胞增殖能力的变化,用划痕实验和Transwell法检测细胞的迁移能力,然后根据结果选取PM2.5最强作用浓度染毒细胞,在不同时点用Western blot法检测p38MAPK信号分子的磷酸化改变,并观察用特异性抑制剂阻断p38 MAPK信号后细胞在PM2.5刺激下的增殖和迁移情况。结果:与对照组比较,PM2.5染毒可明显促进血管平滑肌细胞的增殖和迁移能力,在设定的浓度范围内以12.5 mg/L浓度组的作用最为明显(P<0.05)。Western blot结果显示,12.5 mg/L PM2.5染毒可上调血管平滑肌细胞p38 MAPK的磷酸化水平;而加入p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580预处理后,PM2.5诱导的细胞增殖和迁移明显受到抑制,说明p38 MAPK可能介导PM2.5的毒性作用。结论:PM2.5染毒可促进血管平滑肌细胞的增殖和迁移,该作用与激活p38 MAPK信号通路有关。     

Cognitive subtypes of dyslexia are characterized by distinct patterns of grey matter volume

The variety of different causal theories together with inconsistencies about the anatomical brain markers emphasize the heterogeneity of developmental dyslexia. Attempts were made to test on a behavioral level the existence of subtypes of dyslexia showing distinguishable cognitive deficits. Importantly, no research was directly devoted to the investigation of structural brain correlates of these subtypes. Here, for the first time, we applied voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to study grey matter volume (GMV) differences in a relatively large sample (n = 46) of dyslexic children split into three subtypes based on the cognitive deficits: phonological, rapid naming, magnocellular/dorsal, and auditory attention shifting. VBM revealed GMV clusters specific for each studied group including areas of left inferior frontal gyrus, cerebellum, right putamen, and bilateral parietal cortex. In addition, using discriminant analysis on these clusters 79 % of cross-validated cases were correctly re-classified into four groups (controls vs. three subtypes). Current results indicate that dyslexia may result from distinct cognitive impairments characterized by distinguishable anatomical markers.     

Distributed grey and white matter deficits in hyperkinetic disorder: MRI evidence for anatomical abnormality in an attentional network.

BACKGROUND: Previous neuroimaging studies of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have demonstrated anatomic and functional abnormalities predominantly in frontal and striatal grey matter. Here we report the use of novel image analysis methods, which do not require prior selection of regions of interest, to characterize distributed morphological deficits of both grey and white matter associated with ADHD. METHODS: Eighteen children with a refined phenotype of ADHD, who also met ICD-10 criteria for hyperkinetic disorder (mean age 10.4 years), and 16 normal children (mean age 10.3 years) were compared using magnetic resonance imaging. The groups were matched for handedness, sex, height, weight and head circumference. Morphological differences between groups were estimated by fitting a linear model at each voxel in standard space, applying a threshold to the resulting voxel statistic maps to generate clusters of spatially contiguous suprathreshold voxels, and testing cluster 'mass', or the sum of suprathreshold voxel statistics in each 2D cluster, by repeated random resampling of the data. RESULTS: The hyperkinetic children had significant grey matter deficits in right superior frontal gyrus (Brodmann area (BA) 8/9), right posterior cingulate gyrus (BA 30) and the basal ganglia bilaterally (especially right globus pallidus and putamen). They also demonstrated significant central white matter deficits in the left hemisphere anterior to the pyramidal tracts and superior to the basal ganglia. CONCLUSIONS: This pattern of spatially distributed grey matter deficit in the right hemisphere is compatible with the hypothesis that ADHD is associated with disruption of a large scale neurocognitive network for attention. The left hemispheric white matter deficits may be due to dysmyelination.     

Altered Structure and Intrinsic Functional Connectivity in Post-stroke Aphasia

Previous studies have demonstrated that alterations of gray matter exist in post-stroke aphasia (PSA) patients. However, so far, few studies combined structural alterations of gray matter volume (GMV) and intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) imbalances of resting-state functional MRI to investigate the mechanism underlying PSA. The present study investigated specific regions with GMV abnormality in patients with PSA (n?=?17) and age- and sex- matched healthy controls (HCs, n?=?20) using voxel-based morphometry. In addition, we examined whether there is a link between abnormal gray matter and altered iFC. Furthermore, we explored the correlations between abnormal iFC and clinical scores in aphasic patients. We found significantly increased GMV in the right superior temporal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobule (IPL)/supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and left middle occipital gyrus. Decreased GMV was found in the right caudate gyrus, bilateral thalami in PSA patients. Patients showed increased remote interregional FC between the right IPL/SMG and right precuneus, right angular gyrus, right superior occipital gyrus; while reduced FC in the right caudate gyrus and supplementary motor area, dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus. Moreover, iFC strength between the left middle occipital gyrus and the left orbital middle frontal gyrus was positively correlated with the performance quotient. We suggest that GMV abnormality contributes to interregional FC in PSA. These results may provide useful information to understand the pathogenesis of post-stroke aphasia.     

基于不同FA模板的全脑体素分析方法可靠性的研究

比较基于两种不同FA模板的全脑体素分析(VBA)方法的结果,了解该方法的可靠性,以期为脑白质的功能研究和相关疾病的诊治提供基础信息。选择27例健康成年志愿者,分为青年组(14例)和老年组(13例),行磁共振弥散张量成像扫描。首先使用DTIStudio软件对图像进行自动配准和张量计算,获取部分各向异性(FA)图,然后利用统计参数图(SPM8)软件对FA图进行配准、归一化、平滑等预处理,最后分别基于SPM8软件下产生的专用FA模板和本实验室自主开发的正常中国人FA模板,对两组间的脑白质FA值进行全脑体素分析比较。以纤维束示踪的空间统计学(TBSS)方法和相关文献结果为标准,对以上比较结果进行验证。在基于SPM8产生的专用FA模板下,与青年组对比,老年组的双侧内囊前、后肢,左外囊,左额上回,左枕叶,右放射冠,右大脑脚底,右额中、下回,右小脑中脚的FA值显著下降(P<0.05,簇错误率校正);在基于正常中国人FA模板下,老年组的左内囊后肢,左外囊,左额上回,左颞中回,左枕叶,右放射冠,右内囊前、后肢,右大脑脚底,右额中、下回和胼胝体膝部的FA值相对于青年组显著下降(P<0.05,簇错误率校正);两种模板结果的不一致区域共有4个,即:左内囊前肢、右小脑中脚和左颞中回、胼胝体膝部,前两个区域出现在第一个模板中,后两个区域出现在第二个模板中,根据TBSS方法的激活区结果可得出左内囊前肢、右小脑中脚是假阳性,TBSS方法和相关文献结果支持第二个模板的结论。在采用VBA方法对脑白质进行分析时,基于正常中国人FA模板有助于提高结果的客观性和可靠性。     

The D-allele of ACE insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with regional white matter volume changes and cognitive impairment in remitted geriatric depression

Prior studies suggested that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) affected vascular homeostasis and degradation of amyloid β (Aβ). It is associated with the therapeutic outcome in major depression. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and structural abnormalities in remitted geriatric depression (RGD), and test the relationship of neuropsychological performances and regional white matter volumes. 31 RGD patients were recruited and neuropsychological tests, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and genotype of ACE I/D were examined for each subject. The differences in regional white matter volume were tested between I homozygotes and D-allele carriers (I/D or D/D genotype) by optimized VBM. D-allele carriers exhibited significantly smaller white matter volumes of right superior frontal gyrus (SFG) and right anterior cingulated gyrus (ACG), but had larger volumes of left middle temporal gyrus (MTG) and right middle occipital gyrus (MOG) than I homozygotes (P < 0.001). Meanwhile, there was a significant positive correlation between white matter volume enlargement of left MTG and Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT) (r = 0.456, P = 0.043), and the reduction of right ACG was negatively related to Clock Drawing Test (CDT) performance (r = −0.445, P = 0.050) in D-allele carriers. The finding suggests that ACE can modulates the pathology of RGD, the left MTG and right ACG might be involved in the pathophysiology of cognitive dysfunction in RGD patients.