Intravenous access. Part 1. Peripheral i.v.s.

The nursing care of the patient with a peripheral IV requires the implementation of the basic principles of intravenous care. Because the integrity of the skin is broken, measures are implemented to prevent the occurrence of infection. Skin preparation of the venipuncture site is important in preventing the introduction of organisms into the IV insertion site. The regular care of the insertion site and maintenance of an occlusive dressing prevent further IV site contamination. The use of peripheral IVs constructed of certain materials, the use of normal saline over heparin flush solution to maintain IV patency, and an established routine of changing IV sites at regular intervals remain controversial issues. Nurses need to keep abreast of new IV products and new research findings to better care for patients with peripheral IVs.