卵巢透明细胞癌临床治疗效果研究

背景与目的:卵巢透明细胞癌相比于其他卵巢上皮性癌,其预后较差,本文对本院卵巢透明细胞癌患者生存率作分析比较,探讨CAP[表柔比星(E-ADM)、顺铂(DDP)加环磷酰胺(CTX)]方案加用丝裂霉素(MMC)后的治疗效果。方法:对本院于1999年1月1日至2002年12月31日接受治疗的卵巢透明细胞癌共33例(A组),同时随机取37例卵巢其他上皮性癌的患者作对照(B组)。Ⅰ期患者行全子宫 双附件 大网膜切除 阑尾切除 淋巴结分期术),2例患者需要生育的卵巢癌患者行患侧附件切除 对侧卵巢活检 大网膜切除 阑尾切除术术。Ⅱ期以上的患者行肿瘤减灭术(tumor reductive surgery,TRS)尽可能使残余灶<1cm,2组患者均在术后化疗均采用CAP方案(静脉应用),但A组患者CAP方案中加用了丝裂霉素。A组患者与仅用CAP方案的透明细胞癌患者(C组)Ⅰ/Ⅱ期15例及Ⅲ/Ⅳ期9例相比较。结果:术前A组与B组Ⅰ/Ⅱ血清CA125差异有显著性,卵巢透明细胞癌血清CA125水平值较低,Ⅲ/Ⅳ期血清CA125差异无显著性。在3次及6次化疗后与化疗前Ⅰ/Ⅱ期A组及B组血清CA125差异有显著性,而Ⅲ/Ⅳ期血清CA125下降水平差异无显著性。A组卵巢透明细胞癌患者中有11例有子宫内膜异位症(33.33%),有7例患者出现深静脉血栓(21.21%),有深静脉血栓的患者与生存率无直接关系(P=0.26)。Ⅰ/Ⅱ期患者的平均生存时间分别为:A组38.3±2.4个月,B组38.3±2.7个月,Ⅰ/Ⅱ期患者A组与B组用Log Rank检验相比较4年生存率差异无显著性(P=0.471),Ⅲ/Ⅳ期患者的平均生存时间分别为:A组20±3个月,B组34±4个月,Ⅲ/Ⅳ期患者A组与B组相比较用Log Rank检验4年生存率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。C组患者Ⅰ/Ⅱ期15例,平均生存时间为:30±3个月,与A组用MMC的透明细胞癌患者Ⅰ/Ⅱ期23例比较生存率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。C组患者Ⅲ/Ⅳ期9例,均死亡。平均生存时间为18±3个月。与A组用MMC的透明细胞癌患者Ⅲ/Ⅳ期10例比较生存率差异无显著性(P=0.430)。结论:卵巢透明细胞癌术前及化疗后血清CA125水平值较低,用CAP加丝裂霉素的规则化疗治疗透明细胞癌对Ⅰ/Ⅱ期患者有一定的治疗效果,对Ⅲ/Ⅳ期患者治疗效果不佳。卵巢透明细胞癌疾病的复发率及死亡率仍然较高。     

大肠腺癌组织MDR1表达与肠系膜淋巴结转移关系的研究

目的　探索大肠腺癌组织多药耐药基因 (MDR1)表达与大肠腺癌分化程度及肠系膜淋巴结转移之间的关系。方法　以光敏生物素标记MDR1cDNA探针 ,链亲和素胶体金为检测系统做原位杂交 (ISH SAG)检测大肠癌MDR1mRNA表达 ,同时用LSAB法对P 糖蛋白进行免疫组织化学检测。结果　大肠腺癌MDR1mRNA表达阳性的肠系膜淋巴结转移率与MDR1表达阴性的肠系膜淋巴结转移率两者有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5) ,大肠癌MDR1表达阳性率与分化程度无显著性差异(P >0 0 5)。结论　MDR1表达高低与大肠腺癌肠系膜淋巴结转移呈正相关 ,MDR1阳性表达与细胞分化程度比较无统计学意义。MDR1表达的检测对判定化疗疗效及预后有一定的意义。     

大肠腺癌组织MDR1表达与肠系膜淋巴结转移关系的研究

 目的　探索大肠腺癌组织多药耐药基因(MDR1)表达与大肠腺癌分化程度及肠系膜淋巴结转移之间的关系。方法　以光敏生物素标记MDR1 cDNA探针,链亲和素胶体金为检测系统做原位杂交(ISH-SAG）检测大肠癌MDR1 mRNA表达,同时用LSAB法对P-糖蛋白进行免疫组织化学检测。结果　大肠腺癌MDR1 mRNA表达阳性的肠系膜淋巴结转移率与MDR1表达阴性的肠系膜淋巴结转移率两者有显著性差异(P<0.05),大肠癌MDR1表达阳性率与分化程度无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论　MDR1表达高低与大肠腺癌肠系膜淋巴结转移呈正相关,MDR1阳性表达与细胞分化程度比较无统计学意义。MDR1表达的检测对判定化疗疗效及预后有一定的意义。     

The relation between the aging of the steroid generating system and the geneses of cancers of the stomach, the breast and the uterine cervix

The purpose of the present study is to test the validity of the steroid carcinogenesis hypothesis in humans by investigating the problem whether or not a cancer-specific change of the hormonal milieu emerges at a specified stage of life where the growth rate of cancer risk is at its zenith. A case-control study of 14 urinary steroid excretions was conducted for each of 3 human neoplasias. The identification and the size (in parenthesis) of the population units used in this study were,given as follows: a) the male gastric cancer group (421); b) the male control group (104); c) the female breast cancer group (245); d) the cervical cancer group (345); e) the female control group (127). Two kinds of steroid parameters were employed for the statistical analysis of hormonal data: a) the logarithm of a steroid excretion figure (mu g/day), as expressed by log x; b) the logarithm of a relative weight of a given steroid to tetrahydrocortisol, as expressed by log x/THF. The case-control difference for each parameter was expressed in terms of a t-value of Student's t-test. The steroid deviation profile was prepared for each neoplasia and for each of the log x data set and the log x/THF data set. The results obtained are as follows: a) the 2 steroid parameters (log x and log x/THF) for each of 14 urinary steroids were both subject to change with the progress of host age. The rate of age-dependent change was different for each steroid parameter and for each population unit. b) The above differential age dependency of the steroid parameters gave rise to a continual transition of the steroid deviation profile in the course of aging. c) The hormonal traits of male gastric cancer, female breast cancer and cervical cancer were described each as a complex of androgen depression and glucocorticoid stimulation (male gastric cancer), a sequential emergence of premenopausal progestin depression and postmenopausal predominance of glucocorticoid over androgen (female breast cancer), and a complex of androgen-glucocorticoid depression over progestin (cervical cancer). d) The emergence of the above cancer-specific steroid disorders chronologically coincided with the quasiexponential growth phase of cancer risk (and slow growth phase of cancer risk in postmenopausal breast cancer). e) The usefulness of the log x/THF type deviation profile for the assessment of the hormonal milieu of the host was verified by both theoretical approach to the problem and its application to the real data of a case-control study. f) The age dependent decline of androgens was generally much faster in their progressions than that of glucocorticoids - a finding to suggest the possibility that the production of a cancer-specific steroid deviation profile might have taken the form of the stress shift of Hans Selye, since both phenomena share depletion of gonadal steroids relative to glucocorticoid in common. The etiological relevancy of the 3 cancer-specific steroid changes to the geneses of 3 cancers:was discussed in the light of the experimental pathology studies in our laboratory as well as in other laboratories.     

类癌及结肠癌、肺癌中神经内分泌细胞免疫组织化学研究

应用铬粒素 A、NSE、S-100蛋白及 Leu7单克隆抗体免疫组织化学方法,对24例结肠癌和肺癌、8例类癌、4例小细胞肺癌进行研究,结果表明除类癌外,结肠腺癌和肺癌中也存在神经内分泌细胞,阳性率为铬粒素 A 20.8%(5/24 3,NSE 33%(8/24),S-100蛋白33%(8/24),Len7 12.5%(3/24)。探讨了神经内分泌源性肿瘤与结肠癌、肺癌之间的关系和组织发生学。初步提出了类癌可能起源于壁内内分泌细胞,但须进一步研究和证实。     

晚期非小细胞肺癌一线化疗疗效与生存关系的分析

背景与目的第三代新药组成的方案在晚期NSCLC一线化疗中使大部分患者能够取得疾病控制(CR PR SD),我们进行了本项回顾性分析以探讨一线化疗疾病控制与疾病未控(PD)患者之间生存的差别,以及疾病控制患者有效(CR PR)和稳定(SD)患者之间生存的差别,明确与患者生存有关的预后因素。方法本项回顾性分析纳入了完成第三代新药组成的铂类或非铂类方案一线化疗的118例IIIB期(伴恶性胸水)/IV期NSCLC患者,一线化疗的疗效按RECIST标准根据影像学结果评价为CR,PR,SD,PD四种情况。结果一线化疗后CR PR SD共86例(72.9%)[其中CR2例(1.7%),PR47例(39.8%),SD37例(31.4%)],PD32例(27.1%)。CR PR SD和PD患者MST有统计学差别,为17.8月和8.4月(P=0.001)。CR PR和SD患者MST无统计学差别,为18.1月和15.5月(P=0.917),中位PFS无统计学差别,为7.1月和6.9月(P=0.622)。Cox多因素回归分析显示分期(IIIB期或IV期)、化疗线程(≤3线或≥4线)、一线化疗疾病是否控制是总生存的独立预后因素。结论本研究结果表明,晚期NSCLC患者一线化疗有效和稳定的患者其生存较进展患者好,疾病稳定患者的生存获益与有效患者无明显差别。