MiR-702-3p inhibits the inflammatory injury in septic H9c2 cells by regulating NOD1

BackgroundCardiac insufficiency is a common complication of sepsis and septic shock and is the most common cause of death in critically ill patients. Recent studies have found that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a potential role in sepsis as markers, but little is known about their functional effects on sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC).ObjectiveThis study is designed to explore the possible role and underlying mechanisms of miR-702-3p in septic cardiomyopathy.MethodsAs expected, H9c2 cells were induced with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct the model of septic cardiomyopathy. The expression of miR-702-3p was detected by qRT-PCR assay and those of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α by ELISA assay. The viability, proliferation and apoptosis of LPS-treated H9c2 cells were determined by CCK-8, EdU, flow cytometry and western blot assays. Moreover, Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 (NOD1) was predicted and confirmed as a direct target of miR-702-3p by TargetScan, miRwalk and miRDB prediction and dual-luciferase reporter gene assays.ResultsWhile LPS can weaken the viability of H9c2 cells, miR-702-3p enhances that of LPS-treated H9c2 cells by inhibit the expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β. We found NOD1 is a target gene of miR-702-3p, and over-expression of NOD1 restores the inhibitory effects of miR-702-3p on the LPS-treated H9c2 cells.ConclusionMiR-702-3p played an important role in the pathogenesis of sepsis cardiomyopathy via targeting NOD1, suggesting that miR-702-3p may be a potential new target for the treatment of SIC.     

MicroRNA-196a靶向调节HDAC9对MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化的影响

目的 探究微小RNA（miR）-196a靶向调节组蛋白去乙酰化酶9（HDAC9）对MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化的影响。方法 将MC3T3-E1细胞分为对照组（Cont）组、诱导组、miR-196a-mimics-NC组、miR-196a-mimics组、miR-196a-inhibitor-NC组、miR-196a-inhibitor组、miR-196a-mimics+pCMV-HDAC9-NC组、miR-196a-mimics+pCMV-HDAC9组,根据分组转染后进行成骨诱导。定量荧光PCR检测MC3T3-E1细胞中miR-196a、HDAC9表达量;试剂盒检测碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性;茜素红染色观察矿化程度;Western blot检测HDAC9、ALP、Runt相关转录因子2（Runx2）、胶原蛋白I（COL1）、骨桥蛋白（OPN）、Histone H3、Histone H3（acetyl K9、K14和K23）表达量。结果 与Cont组相比,诱导组MC3T3-E1细胞中miR-196a表达、ALP、Runx2、COL1、OPN蛋白表达、ALP活性、矿化程度及Histone H3 K9、K14、K23位点乙酰化水平增高（P＜0.05）,HDAC9 mRNA和蛋白表达降低（P＜0.05）。转染miR-196a-mimics可明显增加miR-196a表达,降低HDAC9表达,并增加ALP、Runx2、COL1、OPN蛋白表达、ALP活性、矿化程度及Histone H3乙酰化,转染miR-196a-inhibitor则作用相反。miR-196a可靶向下调HDAC9表达,过表达HDAC9可部分逆转miR-196a mimics对MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化的促进效应。结论 miR-196a可靶向下调HDAC9表达,增加组蛋白乙酰化水平,促进MC3T3-E1细胞成骨分化。     

miR-34b-5p promotes renal cell inflammation and apoptosis by inhibiting aquaporin-2 in sepsis-induced acute kidney injury

ObjectiveThis study was designed to uncover the mechanism of miR-34b-5p-mediated aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in sepsis-induced injury using human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2).MethodsSerum levels of miR-34b-5p, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, serum creatinine (SCr), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in septic patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) and healthy controls were detected. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to induce sepsis in HK-2 cells. LPS-induced HK-2 cells were transfected with miR-34b-5p inhibitor, miR-34b-5p mimic, pcDNA3.1-AQP2, si-AQP2, miR-34b-5p inhibitor + si-NC, or miR-34b-5p inhibitor + si-AQP2. The expressions of miR-34b-5p, AQP2, Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase-3, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in HK-2 cells were detected. TUNEL staining revealed the apoptosis of HK-2 cells. Dual-luciferase reporter assay verified the binding between miR-34b-5p and AQP2.ResultsThe expression of miR-34b-5p and the inflammatory responses were augmented in septic AKI patients. miR-34b-5p was up-regulated and AQP2 was down-regulated in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. miR-34b-5p inhibition or AQP2 overexpression ameliorated apoptosis and inflammation in LPS-induced HK-2 cells. In contrast, overexpressing miR-34b-5p deteriorated LPS-induced injury in HK-2 cells. AQP2 was a downstream target of miR-34b-5p. AQP2 silencing abolished the suppressive effects of miR-34b-5p inhibition on LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammatory response in HK-2 cells.ConclusionmiR-34b-5p inhibits AQP2 to promote LPS-induced injury in HK-2 cells.     

Downregulation of miR-574-5p inhibits HK-2 cell viability and predicts the onset of acute kidney injury in sepsis patients

BackgroundIncreased levels of microRNA-574-5p (miR-574-5p) have been found to be associated with increased survival of septic patients, indicating the potential role of miR-574-5p in protecting against septic progression and complications. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most common and serious complications of sepsis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test these hypotheses: (1) in a renal cell culture line (HK-2), upregulated expression of miR-574-5p increases, and downregulated expression of miR-574-5p decreases cell viability, and (2) serum levels of miR-574-5p from patients with sepsis and AKI are lower than those of patients with sepsis but no AKI.MethodsThe expression of miR-574-5p was regulated by cell transfection in HK-2 cells, and HK-2 cell viability was measured using the Cell Counting Kit-8. Serum miR-574-5p expression was analyzed using qRT-PCR. The predictive value of miR-574-5p for AKI onset was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve and logistic regression analysis.ResultsThe overexpression of miR-574-5p promoted HK-2 cell viability. Fifty-eight sepsis patients developed AKI, who had significantly lower miR-574-5p expression. miR-574-5p expression was decreased with AKI stage increase and correlated with kidney injury biomarker and had relatively high accuracy to predict AKI occurrence from sepsis patients.ConclusionOverexpression of miR-574-5p in cultured HK-2 cells increases cell viability and knocked-down expression of miR-574-5p decreases cell viability. Consistently, septic patients with AKI were found to have less upregulation of miR-574-5p expression compared to septic patients without AKI. Thus, serum miR-574-5p may provide a novel biomarker for septic AKI.     

Inhibition of histone deacetylases protects septic mice from lung and splenic apoptosis

Background

Epigenetic programming, dynamically regulated by histone acetylation, may play a key role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. We examined whether histone deacetylase (HDAC) can contribute to sepsis-associated inflammation and apoptosis.

Materials and methods

Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in BALB/c mice. An intraperitoneal injection of CG200745 (10 mg/kg), a novel broad-spectrum HDAC inhibitor, or valproic acid (500 mg/kg), a predominant inhibitor of class I HDACs, was given 3 h before surgery.

Results

HDAC1, HDAC2, and HDAC3 protein levels were decreased in lungs after CLP. Furthermore, CLP-induced sepsis increased both histone H3 and H4 acetylation levels in lungs. When CG200745 was given, apoptosis induction was strongly suppressed in lungs and spleens of septic mice. This antiapoptotic effect of CG200745 was not accompanied by upregulation of antiapoptotic and downregulation of proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member proteins. Treatment with CG200745 failed to inhibit elevated levels of serum cytokines and prevent lung inflammation in septic mice. Valproic acid also showed antiapoptotic but not anti-inflammatory effects in septic mice.

Conclusions

These findings imply that HDAC inhibitors are a unique agent to prevent cell apoptosis in sepsis at their doses that do not improve inflammatory features, indicating that septic inflammation and apoptosis may not necessarily be essential for one another's existence. This study also represents the first report that CLP-induced sepsis downregulates HDACs. Nevertheless, the data with HDAC inhibitors suggest that imbalance in histone acetylation may play a contributory role in expression or repression of genes involved in septic cell apoptosis.     

Deregulated microRNA-22-3p in patients with sepsis-induced acute kidney injury serves as a new biomarker to predict disease occurrence and 28-day survival outcomes

Background

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication of sepsis. MicroRNA-22-3p (miR-22-3p) has been found to be involved in septic AKI progression. The purpose of this study was to analyze both the serum and urinary expression of miR-22-3p in septic AKI patients, and evaluated the clinical value of miR-22-3p in the diagnosis and prognosis of sepsis-induced AKI.

Methods

Serum and urinary expression of miR-22-3p was examined using qRT-PCR. The risk factors related with septic AKI onset were assessed using logistic analysis. A receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of miR-22-3p, and the Kaplan–Meier survival curves and Cox regression analysis were used to evaluate the predictive value of miR-22-3p for the 28-day survival of septic AKI patients.

Results

Both serum and urinary miR-22-3p expression was decreased and negatively correlated with kidney injury biomarkers in septic AKI patients. MiR-22-3p expression was a risk factor for AKI onset and had diagnostic accuracy in septic AKI patients. The expression of both serum and urinary miR-22-3p was lower in patients who died, and served as a prognostic biomarker to predict 28-day survival in septic AKI patients.

Conclusion

Serum and urinary miR-22-3p was reduced in sepsis-induced AKI patients, and served as a biomarker to predict AKI occurrence and 28-day survival in sepsis patients.

     

Correlation analysis of serum miR-21 and miR-210 with hs-CRP,TNF-α, IL-6, and ICAM-1 in patients with sepsis after burns

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to explore expression levels and clinical values of miR-21 and miR-210 in patients with sepsis after burns.MethodsOne hundred and twenty-eight burn patients who were treated in Binzhou Medical University Hospital were selected as research objects, among which 69 complicated with sepsis were in an observation group and 59 complicated with infection were in a control group. MiR-21 and miR-210 expression in the patients’ serum was detected by RT-PCR. Serum inflammatory cytokines were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation analysis was used for the correlations of the miR-21 and miR-210 with the cytokines. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the diagnostic values of the miR-21 and miR-210 for sepsis after burns and their predictive values for the poor prognosis of sepsis patients.ResultsMiR-21 expression reduced remarkably and miR-210 expression rose remarkably in the serum of patients with sepsis after burns. According to the analysis of the ROC curves, both of the miR-21 and miR-210 had relatively high diagnostic sensitivity for the disease, but the diagnostic value of their combined detection was higher. Contents of hs-CRP, TNF-α, IL-6, and ICAM-1 in serum were remarkably higher in the observation group than those in the control group. According to the correlation analysis, miR-21 was negatively correlated with the expression of the four cytokines, while miR-210 was positively correlated with that. The predictive value of miR-21 for the prognosis of sepsis patients was not high, but miR-210 had a certain predictive value, and their combined detection had a higher value.ConclusionIn serum of patients with sepsis after burns, miR-21 expression reduces remarkably and miR-210 expression rises. The miR-21 and miR-210 are related to the degree of inflammatory responses in septic patients, and their combined detection has a certain value for diagnosing the disease and predicting its prognosis.     

CircHIPK3 alleviates inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis via regulating miR-382-5p/DUSP1 axis in spinal cord injury

BackgroundSpinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the serious neurological diseases with high morbidity which may be treated with hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplants. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) play vital roles in SCI. The study aimed to reveal the function and mechanism of circRNA homeodomain interacting protein kinase 3 (HIPK3) in SCI.MethodsSCI model in vitro was established by treating neuronal cells AGE1.HN with oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) and CoCl2. The levels of circHIPK3, miR-382-5p and dual specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) were examined using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) or western blot assay. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were evaluated by 5′-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU) assay and flow cytometry. Caspase-3 Colorimetric Assay Kit was used to detect aaspase-3 activity. The interactions among circHIPK3, miR-382-5p and DUSP1 were confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays.ResultsCircHIPK3 and DUSP1 were down-regulated, while miR-382-5p was up-regulated in OGD-induced AGE1.HN cells. Overexpression of circHIPK3 suppressed inflammatory response and cell apoptosis and promoted proliferation in OGD-induced AGE1.HN cells by sponging miR-382-5p. CircHIPK3 regulated DUSP1 expression by targeting miR-382-5p. MiR-382-5p inhibition hindered inflammatory response of IL-6 and TNF-α and neuronal apoptosis and promoted apoptosis via targeting DUSP1.ConclusionCircHIPK3 overexpression alleviated OGD-induced AGE1.HN cell inflammatory response and neuronal apoptosis via regulating miR-382-5p/DUSP1 axis, indicating that circHIPK3 might be a promising therapeutic target for SCI.     

坐骨神经预损伤后miR-124-3p调节GAP-43表达并促进轴突生长的实验研究

 目的 通过研究坐骨神经预损伤后背根神经节中microRNA表达谱变化,探讨坐骨神经预损伤促进脊髓后索损伤修复机制。方法 利用微阵列芯片技术和生物信息学方法,研究与坐骨神经预损伤促进脊髓后索损伤修复有关的microRNA,并用RT-qPCR技术、Western blot技术、免疫荧光染色、反义miRNA寡核苷酸抑制剂等技术验证。结果 单纯脊髓后索损伤组miR-124-3p在大鼠脊髓后索损伤后7 d、14 d明显上调;坐骨神经预损伤组,脊髓后索损伤后7 d、14 d背根神经节中miR-124-3p明显下调。与正常背根神经节神经元相比,抑制miR-124-3p后GAP-43表达增加,神经元轴突延长。与对照组相比,各组各时间窗STAT3 mRNA表达差异无统计学意义,坐骨神经预损伤组STAT3蛋白在脊髓后索损伤后7 d和14 d表达上调而单纯脊髓后索损伤组脊髓后索损伤后7 d和14 d STAT3蛋白表达下调。与正常背根神经节神经元相比抑制miR-124-3p的神经元STAT3免疫荧光增强、轴突延长,p-STAT3、GAP-43蛋白表达明显上调。与正常背根神经节神经元相比AG490+AMO-124共同处理的神经元轴突长度无明显差异,STAT3表达明显上调,而p- STAT3和GAP-43表达无明显差异。结论 背根神经节神经元中miR-124-3p下调通过STAT3蛋白的上调促使GAP-43蛋白表达增加是坐骨神经预损伤促进脊髓后索损伤修复的机制之一。     

Antitumor activity of the histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 in prostate cancer models

BACKGROUND: Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors represent a novel class of therapeutic agents with antitumor activity currently in clinical development. In this study, we tested the biological effects of the HDAC inhibitor MS-275 in various pre-clinical prostate cancer models both in'vitro and in vivo. METHODS: In vitro cell proliferation XTT assay and protein expression analysis by Western blot were performed. In vivo tumor growth assessment in subcutaneous, orthotopic, and transgenic mouse models were conducted. RESULTS: MS-275 significantly upregulated histone H3 acetylation and p21 gene expression in human prostate cancer cell lines. MS-275 exerted growth arrest in PC-3 and LNCaP cells, and induced cell death in DU-145 cells. Prostate specific antigen protein levels were increased by MS-275 in LAPC4 cell line. In vivo, MS-275 inhibited the growth of DU-145, LNCaP, and PC-3 in subcutaneous xenografts. MS-275 had also a significant inhibition of PC-3 cells growth in a mouse intratibial model. Molecular analysis showed increased histone acetylation and p21 expression in tumor samples from MS-275-treated mice. In transgenic adenocarcinoma of mouse prostate (TRAMP) mice, long-term treatment of MS-275 slowed the progression of prostate carcinomas with significant reduction in cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these data support the clinical testing of MS-275 for the treatment of prostate cancer.     

Ly6Chigh Monocytes Protect against Kidney Damage during Sepsis via a CX3CR1-Dependent Adhesion Mechanism

Monocytes have a crucial role in both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory phenomena occurring during sepsis. Monocyte recruitment and activation are orchestrated by the chemokine receptors CX3CR1 and CCR2 and their cognate ligands. However, little is known about the roles of these cells and chemokines during the acute phase of inflammation in sepsis. Using intravital microscopy in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis, we showed that inflammatory Ly6C^high monocytes infiltrated kidneys, exhibited altered motility, and adhered strongly to the renal vascular wall in a chemokine receptor CX3CR1-dependent manner. Adoptive transfer of Cx3cr1-proficient monocyte-enriched bone marrow cells into septic Cx3cr1-depleted mice prevented kidney damage and promoted mouse survival. Modulation of CX3CR1 activation in septic mice controlled monocyte adhesion, regulated proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression, and was associated with the extent of kidney lesions such that the number of lesions decreased when CX3CR1 activity increased. Consistent with these results, the pro-adhesive I249 CX3CR1 allele in humans was associated with a lower incidence of AKI in patients with sepsis. These data show that inflammatory monocytes have a protective effect during sepsis via a CX3CR1-dependent adhesion mechanism. This receptor might be a new therapeutic target for kidney injury during sepsis.     

TGF-β/Smad3 signaling promotes renal fibrosis by inhibiting miR-29

TGF-β/Smad3 signaling promotes fibrosis, but the development of therapeutic interventions involving this pathway will require the identification and ultimate targeting of downstream fibrosis-specific genes. In this study, using a microRNA microarray and real-time PCR, wild-type mice had reduced expression of miR-29 along with the development of progressive renal fibrosis in obstructive nephropathy. In contrast, Smad3 knockout mice had increased expression of miR-29 along with the absence of renal fibrosis in the same model of obstruction. In cultured fibroblasts and tubular epithelial cells, Smad3 mediated TGF-β(1)-induced downregulation of miR-29 by binding to the promoter of miR-29. Furthermore, miR-29 acted as a downstream inhibitor and therapeutic microRNA for TGF-β/Smad3-mediated fibrosis. In vitro, overexpression of miR-29b inhibited, but knockdown of miR-29 enhanced, TGF-β(1)-induced expression of collagens I and III by renal tubular cells. Ultrasound-mediated gene delivery of miR-29b either before or after established obstructive nephropathy blocked progressive renal fibrosis. In conclusion, miR-29 is a downstream inhibitor of TGF-β/Smad3-mediated fibrosis and may have therapeutic potential for diseases involving fibrosis.     

异硫氰酸苯己酯对前列腺癌PC3细胞组蛋白乙酰化及Akt信号转导通路的影响

目的 研究异硫氰酸苯己酯(PHI)对前列腺癌PC3细胞株组蛋白乙酰化及Akt信号转导通路的影响,阐述其诱导细胞凋亡机制. 方法 采用TUNEL法检测PHI对PC3细胞凋亡的影响;蛋白质印迹法观察PC3细胞组蛋白H3、H4乙酰化水平及Akt、p-Akt、mTOR、p-mTOR、p70S6K、p-p70S6K表达的变化. 结果 PHI 0、10、20、40 μmol/L作用7 h后,PC3细胞凋亡率分别为(1.55±0.78)%、(14.30±4.32)%、(49.45±5.63)%、(76.35±6.21)%,呈浓度依赖性(P＜0.05).与对照组比较,PHI 10、20、40 μmol/L处理3 h后,H3乙酰化水平分别增加1.22、2.13、3.46倍,7 h后分别增加2.30、3.53、7.64倍;不同浓度PHI处理3 h后,H4乙酰化分别增加1.09、1.45、2.02倍,7 h后分别增加2.52、2.87、3.50倍.Akt、mTOR、p70S6K表达无变化,p-Akt、p-mTOR、p-p70S6K表达均下降.结论 PHI可使PC3细胞株组蛋白H3、H4乙酰化表达增加,且可通过去磷酸化抑制Akt信号转导通路,从而参与了PHI抑制PC3细胞的增殖、诱导凋亡的过程.     

MicroRNA-29a mitigates glucocorticoid induction of bone loss and fatty marrow by rescuing Runx2 acetylation

Glucocorticoid treatment reportedly increases the morbidity of osteoporotic or osteonecrotic disorders. Exacerbated bone acquisition and escalated marrow adipogenesis are prominent pathological features of glucocorticoid-mediated skeletal disorders. MicroRNAs reportedly modulate tissue metabolism and remodeling. This study was undertaken to investigate the biological roles of microRNA-29a (miR-29a) in skeletal and fat metabolism in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Transgenic mice overexpressing miR-29a precursor or wild-type mice were given methylprednisolone. Bone mass, microarchitecture and histology were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, μCT and histomorphometry. Differential gene expression and signaling components were delineated by quantitative RT-PCR and immunoblotting. Glucocorticoid treatment accelerated bone loss and marrow fat accumulation in association with decreased miR-29a expression. The miR-29a transgenic mice had high bone mineral density, trabecular microarchitecture and cortical thickness. miR-29a overexpression mitigated the glucocorticoid-induced impediment of bone mass, skeletal microstructure integrity and mineralization reaction and attenuated fatty marrow histopathology. Ex vivo, miR-29a increased osteogenic differentiation capacity and alleviated the glucocorticoid-induced promotion of adipocyte formation in primary bone-marrow mesenchymal progenitor cell cultures. Through inhibition of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) expression, miR-29a restored acetylated Runx2 and β-catenin abundances and reduced RANKL, leptin and glucocorticoid receptor expression in glucocorticoid-mediated osteoporosis bone tissues. Taken together, glucocorticoid suppression of miR-29a signaling disturbed the balances between osteogenic and adipogenic activities, and thereby interrupted bone formation and skeletal homeostasis. miR-29a inhibition of HDAC4 stabilized the acetylation state of Runx2 and β-catenin that ameliorated the detrimental effects of glucocorticoid on mineralization and lipogenesis reactions in bone tissue microenvironments. This study highlighted emerging skeletal-anabolic actions of miR-29a signaling in the progression of glucocorticoid-induced bone tissue destruction. Sustaining miR-29a actions is beneficial in protecting against glucocorticoid-mediated osteoporosis.     

Experimental study on inhibitory effects of histone deacetylase inhibitor MS-275 and TSA on bladder cancer cells

ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (MS-275 and TSA) on T24 human bladder cancer cells in vitro, and explore the possible mechanism.MethodsThe MTT assay was employed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of MS-275 and TSA on T24 cell growth. FCM was used to analyze the variation of T24 cell cycle distribution and the apoptotic ratio after T24 cells were treated with MS-275 and TSA. Histone acetylation level was detected by Western blot. mRNA expression of p21 WAF1/CIP1, cyclin A, and cyclin E was measured by FQ-PCR. Dynamic changes of Bcl-2 and bax expression were detected by FCM.ResultsMS-275 and TSA inhibited T24 cell growth in a concentration and time-dependent manner. Treatment with 4 μmol/l MS-275 or 0.4 μmol/l TSA blocked cell cycling in the G0/G1 phase and induced a significant increase in cell apoptosis. MS-275 and TSA significantly increased the level of histone acetylation, induced p21CIP1WAF1 mRNA expression, and inhibited cyclin A mRNA expression, though no significant effect was observed on cyclin E. Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated, while bax expression was up-regulated.ConclusionHDAC inhibitors can block bladder cancer cell cycle in vitro and induce apoptosis. The molecular mechanism may be associated with increased level of histone acetylation, down-regulation of p21WAF1/CIP1 expression, up-regulation of cyclin A expression, and dynamic change of bcl-2 and bax expression.     

长链非编码RNA MEG3靶向下调miR-21对IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞凋亡及炎症反应的影响

目的探究长链非编码RNA母系表达基因3(MEG3)靶向miR-21的作用对白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)诱导的软骨细胞凋亡及炎症反应的影响及其作用机制。方法将细胞分为cTRL组、IL-1β组、LV-MEG3组、miR-21 mimic组和LV-MEG3+mimic组,用IL-1β处理软骨细胞后,加入对应的慢病毒或miRNA mimic处理细胞。RT-PCR检测MEG3、miR-21、基质金属蛋白酶13(MMP-13)、II型胶原蛋白(Collagen II)、聚蛋白聚糖(Aggrecan)基因表达水平,Hoechst检测细胞凋亡,Western blot检测活化半胱天冬酶3(cl-Caspase-3)、cl-Caspase-9、MMP-13、Collagen II、Aggrecan蛋白表达水平和p65、信号传导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)磷酸化比率,试剂盒检测丙二醛(MDA)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽(GSH)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、IL-6、IL-10水平,免疫荧光检测p65的核定位情况。结果与cTRL组比较,IL-1β组miR-21表达,细胞凋亡率,MMP-13基因表达,cl-Caspase-3、cl-Caspase-9、MMP-13蛋白表达,MDA、LDH、TNF-α、IL-6水平,p65和STAT3磷酸化比率,p65核内信号水平升高,MEG3表达,Collagen II、Aggrecan基因和蛋白表达,SOD、GSH、IL-10水平降低;与IL-1β组比较,LV-MEG3组miR-21表达,细胞凋亡率,MMP-13基因表达,cl-Caspase-3、cl-Caspase-9、MMP-13蛋白表达,MDA、LDH、TNF-α、IL-6水平,p65和STAT3磷酸化比率,p65核内信号水平降低,MEG3表达水平,Collagen II、Aggrecan基因和蛋白表达水平,SOD、GSH、IL-10水平升高;miR-21 mimic组各项检测指标的变化与LV-MEG3组相反;与miR-21 mimic组比较,LV-MEG3+mimic组miR-21表达,细胞凋亡率,MMP-13基因表达,MMP-13、cl-Caspase-3、cl-Caspase-9蛋白表达,MDA、LDH、TNF-α、IL-6水平,p65和STAT3磷酸化比率,p65核内信号水平降低,MEG3表达水平,Collagen II、Aggrecan基因和蛋白表达,SOD、GSH、IL-10水平升高。结论MEG3可下调miR-21表达,从而抑制IL-1β诱导的软骨细胞凋亡,缓解炎症反应,其作用机制可能与抑制NF-κB信号通路激活有关。