广西马山县壮族中小学生头发中9种元素的含量

目的确定广西马山壮族中小学生头发中9种人体必需元素含量的正常值。方法用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪,检测了来自马山县的1093名7～16岁中小学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁9种人体必需元素的含量,并用SPSS统计软件做了统计分析。结果广西马山壮族中小学生头发中,①镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁9种人体必需元素的含量没有性别差异;②铁与年龄呈负相关,但镍、硒、钴、铬、锌、钙、铜、镁的含量年龄没有相关关系;③制订了镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁9种元素的头发含量的的正常值范围。结论广西马山县中学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、铜、镁含量没有明显的性别差异;发铁的含量随年龄增大而减少。     

广西中小学生头发元素含量的地域性差异研究

目的　探讨广西中小学生头发中的人体必需元素含量及其地域性差异。方法　用偏振塞曼原子吸收仪 ,检测了来自融水、三江和马山县的 3 0 5 0名 7～ 16岁中小学生头发中铜、镁、镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙 9种人体必需元素的含量 ,并用SPSS统计软件做了统计分析。结果　中小学生头发中除铜以外的 8种元素含量有明显的地域性差异 :①融水的镁、镍、钴、铬、铁、钙含量高于三江的 ,硒、锌含量低于三江的 ;②融水的镁、钴、铁、锌、钙含量高于马山 ,镍、铬含量低于马山的 ;③三江的硒、钴、锌含量高于马山 ,镍、铬含量低于马山。其中融水的钴、铁、钙、镁含量最高 ;三江的硒、锌含量最高 ;马山的镍、铬含量最高。结论　广西融水、三江和马山县中学生头发中镍、硒、钴、铬、铁、锌、钙、镁含量有明显的地域性差异     

微量元素与免疫

微量元素虽不足人体体重的1%,但对人体正常生命活动起重要作用。目前已知人体所必需的微量元素有14种之多,如铁、锌、铜、铬、锰、钼、钴、锡、镍、钒、碘、硒、硅及氟等。随着对微量元素和免疫的深入研究,发现有不少微量元素影响人或动物免疫系统,本文叙述锌、铜、铁、硒及碘等微量元素对免疫的作用。     

抗癌中药中微量元素与抗癌活性的相关性

对七十余种抗癌中药中微量元素含量特点进行综合分析,发现其中的菊科药物铁、铜含量高,百合科药物铬含量高;动物药中的铁、锌、铜、钼含量比植物药高;硒含量高的药物以补益潜阳的药物居多,铬含量较高的药物中,清热解毒的药物相对较多。抗癌中草药中的铁、锌、铜、钼、硒等元素含量与其抗癌活性呈一定的量效关系;镍在一些抗癌中药药物中的含量比较高,镍与抗癌性的内在联系有待进一步研究。     

胚胎肝脑微量元素测定

本文采用火焰原子吸收法测定4—7个月胎儿肝和脑组织中的铁、铜、锌、镁、钴五种微量元素的含量,其结果表明铁和铜在5—7个月胚胎肝和脑组织中总体含量有显著性差异(P<0.01)。肝脏中各元素含量依次为铜、铁、钴、锌、镁,脑组织中依次为钴、铁、锌、铜、镁。     

儿童微量元素检测结果分析

铜、锌、钙、镁、铁属于人体必需的微量元素,以辅酶、辅基激活剂的形式参与物质的合成、分解、转化,是组成人体生命的基本元素,其缺乏或过多均可导致某种疾病的发生,为了解儿童体内微量元素含量,探讨其缺乏或过多的原因,制定相关的干预措施,对本院儿科门诊2009年2月-4月前来健康体检的1126名儿童进行了铜、锌、钙、镁、铁5种微量元素检测,现报告如下：     

广西环江县毛南族老年女性头发中钙等6种元素的含量

目的了解广西环江县毛南族老年女性头发中6种元素的含量。方法采用原子吸收光谱法检测132例毛南族老年女性头发中钙、锌、锰、铜、铝、锶6种元素的含量,并用SPSS统计软件进行统计分析。结果①钙、锌、锰、铜、铝、锶6种元素的含量(μg/g)的平均值分别为:608.08±190.92、126.28±21.27、4.69±2.10、10.64±2.09、25.05±12.81、2.71±1.71。②钙、锌、铜的含量随年龄增长而下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),锰、铝、锶元素的含量各年龄组间,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论环江毛南族老年女性头发中钙、锌、铜元素含量有明显的年龄差异,锰、铝、锶元素的含量无年龄差异。     

大连地区母血及脐血中21种微量元素浓度测定分析

目的调查铁、锌、铜等11种必需微量元素及铅、砷、镉等10种有毒微量元素在正常产妇静脉血及新生儿脐血间的分布规律及其相关性,为孕期合理保健提供科学依据。方法随机对150名健康住院分娩的产妇分别抽取外周静脉血和新生儿脐静脉血,微波消解法制备供试品,电感耦合等离子体-质谱（ICP-MS）法进行全血21种微量元素水平的测定。结果大连地区孕妇全血中微量元素铁、钴、硒、铬、钼、砷、镉、铊和钒的浓度在正常成人参考值范围,锌、钙、铜、铅、银和钡的浓度明显低于参考值,而镁、锰和镍的浓度则高于该范围。与母血中各种微量元素浓度相比,脐血中的锌、钴、铜、锰、镍、铅、砷和镉的浓度均显著性降低（P〈0.01）,而铁的浓度则显著高于母血（P〈0.01）。直线相关分析结果表明,母血与脐血之间钙、镁、钴、铅、砷、铍、银、钡和钍的浓度呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）。结论微量元素在孕妇体内的浓度有别于正常成人的水平,新生儿体内微量元素的浓度与母亲体内微量元素的水平高低密切相关,孕期对上述多种重要的必需微量元素和有毒微量元素的水平进行监测和及时采取科学、有效的应对措施是优生的重要内容。     

妊娠期高血压疾病与微量元素代谢研究进展

近年来发现妊娠期高血压疾病患者存在着人体必需元素的代谢异常，其中包括钙、镁、锌、铬、硒、铜、铁等。人体新陈代谢有赖于酶的催化，因而也是代谢调控因素之一，而酶的活性与众多微量元素密切相关。一方面，某些微量元素是酶的结构成分，活性中心；另一方面，某些金属离子作为激活剂影响酶的活性．此外，机体内所有元素都存在直接或间接的联系，彼此相互影响，处于平衡状态．元素间的平衡一旦破坏，将会发生病理过程。     

中孕胎儿6脏器组织10种元素的分布特点

我们测定了75例正常、4例畸形中孕胎儿肝、肺、脑、心脏、胸腺和骨骼中铁、铜、锌、钙、锰、硒、钴、铝、铬和锂10种元素的含量，现简要分析各元素分布特点。各脏器组织10种元素检测方法和检测结果见前文。     

Metal requirements of Legionella pneumophila.

Serial passage of six strains of Legionella pneumophila and one strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in a liquid chemically defined medium deficient in trace metals resulted in the death of five L. pneumophila strains and very limited growth in the remaining strain and the P. aeruginosa strain. Addition of either iron or magnesium restored growth to almost normal levels in all of the strains when early-passage inocula were used. A low concentration of magnesium stimulated growth with cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, or zinc. When a complete defined medium containing trace metals was used, growth was inhibited by adding the chelators ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, citrate, or 2,2'-bipyridyl. Chelator inhibition was partly or fully relieved with either calcium, cobalt, copper, iron, magnesium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, or zinc. P. aeruginosa differed from L. pneumophila in that it required higher concentrations of each chelator to inhibit growth and that its growth was stimulated by only four metals: calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc. A trace-metal supplement for L. pneumophila was designed which included all metals stimulating growth in these experiments and which proved to be sufficient for optimal growth of all the strains.     

日照地区23例苯丙酮尿症患儿微量元素检测结果分析

目的全面了解日照市苯丙酮尿症（PKU）患儿给以低苯丙氨酸（Phe）饮食后,其末梢血铁、锌、钙、镁及铜的含量,探讨其缺乏的综合防治措施。方法对我市2003年6月-2010年6月筛查出的23例PKU患儿,取末梢血对铁、锌、钙、镁及铜进行检测。结果患病儿的末梢血中钙、锌的含量低于正常儿童（〈0.05）,而铁、镁、铜的含量无统计学意义（﹥0.05）结论患儿应全面搭配营养膳食,努力达到膳食结构的多样化,以保证患儿正常的生长发育。     

Towards bio monitoring of toxic (lead) and essential elements in whole blood from 1- to 72-month old children: a cross-sectional study

Objectives

Minerals such as zinc, copper, selenium, calcium, and magnesium are essential for normal human development and functioning of the body. They have been found to play important roles in immuno-physiologic functions. The study is to evaluate the distribution and correlation of nonessential (lead) and essential elements in whole blood from 1- to 72-month old children.

Methods

The cross-sectional study was performed in 1551 children. Six element concentrations, including copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe) and lead (Pb) in the blood were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Distributions and correlations of trace elements in different age groups were analyzed and compared. A Pearson correlation controlled for age and gender was used to assess the relationship of non essential (lead) and essential elements.

Results

Levels of copper and magnesium were 18.09 ± 4.42 µmol/L and 1.42 ± 0.12 mmol/L, respectively. 6.04% of all children showed copper levels below the normal threshold, the levels of Magnesium were stable in different age groups. Though the overall mean blood zinc and iron concentrations (61.19 ± 11.30 µmol/L and 8.24 ± 0.59 mmol/L, respectively) gradually increased with age and the overall deficiency levels (24.1% and 36.0%, respectively) decreased with age, zinc and iron deficiencies were still very stable. Controlling for gender and age, significant positive correlations were found when comparing copper to zinc, calcium, magnesium, and iron ((r = 0.333, 0.241, 0.417, 0.314 ,p < 0.01); zinc to magnesium and iron (r = 0.440, 0.497p < 0.01); and magnesium to Calcium and iron (r = 0.349, 0.645, p < 0.01). The overall mean blood lead levels (41.16 ± 16.10) were relatively unstable among different age groups. The prevalence of lead intoxication in all children was 1.3% .Calcium levels decreased gradually with age, with an overall concentration of 1.78 ± 0.13 mmol/L.

Conclusion

Significant negative correlations were also noted between Pb and Zn, Fe (r = −0.179, −0.124.p < 0.01) .The importance of calcium deficiency and supplementation is well realized, but the severity of iron and zinc deficiency is not well recorded. The degree of lead intoxication in all the children studied was low; The established reference intervals for Cu, Zn, Ca and Mg provide an important guidance for the reasonable supplementation of essential elements during different age groups.     

ICP-MS测定全血8种微量元素的方法学建立与性能评价

目的 建立使用NexION300Q系列电感耦合等离子体质谱仪直接测定全血中钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、铅、硒和锰的分析方法,并验证和评价其方法学性能。方法 选取2018年1月~2月在绵阳市中心医院就诊的需检测微量元素的患者共524例,采集空腹静脉血1~2 ml,采用0.50%TritonX-100和0.50%HN03对血样稀释50倍离心后直接用等离子体质谱仪进行分析。参照美国临床和实验室标准协会（CLSI）的相关文件,对钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、铅、硒和锰的检测低限、精密度和正确度进行验证,其结果与卫生部临检中心公认的质量目标进行比较。结果 该方法各元素的标准曲线的相关系数均＞0.99,各元素的检测低限均＜6.90%,重复精密度均＜3.09%,期间精密度均＜6.68%,钙、镁、铜、锌、铁和铅的正确度在5.70%以内。结论 用ICP-MS同时测定稀释后全血中钙、镁、铜、锌、铁、铅、硒和锰的方法学性能满意,结果可靠,可以满足临床要求。     

黄石地区学龄前儿童血铅与微量元素调查

目的了解黄石市学龄前儿童血铅水平及与微量元素状况。方法用石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪检测1645名学龄前儿童进行血铅和血钙、铁、锌、镁、铜5种微量元素。结果 1645名学龄前儿童血铅中毒率为29.3%,学龄前血铅中毒儿童的钙、铁、锌均低于学龄前正常儿童的值,且具有显著性意义。结论黄石市学龄前儿童血铅中毒和钙、铁、锌缺乏有相当高的比率,镁和铜缺乏比率较低。     

Serum trace elements and myocardial infarction

The authors report trace elements concentrations (zinc, nickel, selenium, copper, manganese and chromium) during myocardial infarction described in some publication. Serum zinc decreases during the first two days after acute myocardial infarction and returns to normal level in two weeks. Serum nickel increases during the first 36 hours and copper during the first four days. The different explanations of these disturbances are also exposed.     

儿童厌食症与血硒、锌关系研究

目的探讨儿童厌食症与血硒、血锌关系。方法2006年9月～2007年7月门诊就诊,年龄1～7岁的50例厌食症儿童及50例健康儿童,采用终点法测血锌、血钙、血镁、血铁,电感耦合高频等离子体发射光谱法测定血硒,并对其结果进行比较,使用SPPS11.0统计分析处理数据。结果厌食症儿童的血硒、血锌水平低于健康儿童对照组,差异有显著性（P〈0.01）;血钙、镁、铁与健康儿童相比,差异无显著性（P〈0.01）。结论厌食症儿童与血清硒、锌含量密切相关,低血硒更易诱发儿童食欲不振。     

Interference stimulated by tick-borne encephalitis virus: influence of divalent cations.

The effects of divalent cations (barium, cobalt, calcium, copper, magnesium, zinc and iron) on the interference of tick-borne encephalitis (TE) virus with vaccinia virus in Detroit-6 cell cultures were investigated. An increase in interference was shown in the presence of cobalt, zinc, copper, and magnesium. Barium and iron displayed a marked inhibitory action. But an increase in interference was not parallel with an increased production of interferon.     

Content of trace elements in serum of patients with carcinoma of the larynx

An examination of the content of arsenic, nickel, copper, selenium, zinc, and iron in the serum of 78 patients with carcinoma of the larynx was carried out. The patients were divided into 4 groups: I - patients before treatment, II - patients after surgical treatment, III - patients after radiotherapy, IV - patients after combined treatment (surgery treatment + radiotherapy). The control group was formed of 17 patients operated for deviation of the nasal septum. Higher concentrations of arsenic, nickel and copper were found in the serum of the patients with carcinoma of the larynx before treatment (group I) as compared with the control group, whereas the concentrations of selenium, zinc and iron were lower. In the groups of patients after treatment, the highest concentrations of iron and zinc were found after surgical treatment. The level of selenium in all groups of patients was considerably lower than in the control group.