奥扎格雷钠联合灯盏花素注射液对急性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸水平影响

目的 探讨奥扎格雷钠联合灯盏花素注射液对急性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸水平的影响.方法 选择我院急性脑梗死患者84例,随机分为观察组和对照组.2组均给予常规治疗,观察组同时给予奥扎格雷钠联合灯盏花素注射液治疗.观察2组患者治疗前后血浆溶血磷脂酸水平.结果 观察组总有效率为95.2%,对照组为78.5%,观察组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.观察组治疗后血浆溶血磷脂酸水平与对照组治疗后比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 奥扎格雷钠联合灯盏花素注射液能够降低急性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸水平,提高治疗效果,值得借鉴.     

奥扎格雷钠联合氯吡格雷治疗急性脑梗死疗效分析

目的观察奥扎格雷钠联合氯吡格雷治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效。方法将我院收治的96例急性脑梗死患者随机分为2组,对照组给予奥扎格雷钠治疗,治疗组在此基础上加用氯吡格雷,2组疗程均为14d。观察2组治疗前后临床神经功能缺损程度改善情况及临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率较对照组有明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;治疗组神经功能缺损评分降低较为明显,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论奥扎格雷钠联合氯吡格雷治疗急性脑梗死的疗效较好,不良反应少,值得临床借鉴。     

奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死65例疗效观察

目的 观察奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死的效果.方法 将127例初发急性脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组65例,对照组62例.治疗组应用奥扎格雷钠,对照组应用复方丹参注射液,观察比较2组患者神经功能缺损评分,临床疗效及用药期间不良反应.结果 奥扎格雷钠组治疗总有效率87.7%,对照组总有效率74%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死具有良好疗效.     

奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效分析

目的 观察奥扎格雷钠注射液在急性脑梗死治疗中的临床疗效.方法 对72例急性脑梗死患者随机分2组,治疗组用奥扎格雷钠注射液进行治疗,对照组用生理盐水代替,观察2组治疗前后,神经功能缺损程序(SSS)评分、血液流变学的变化、日常生活能力(ADL).结果 治疗组有效率75. 0%,对照组有效率58.3%,治疗组疗效优于对照组(P＜0.01).2组治疗后SSS及ADL评分均较治疗前有显著改善(P＜0.05),但治疗组明显优于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 奥扎格雷钠可明显减少脑梗死患者的神经功能缺损,提高日常生活能力,其治疗急性脑梗死临床疗效确切.     

依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死效果观察

目的观察依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死（ACI）的临床效果,进一步研究其作用机制。方法选择72例ACI患者作为研究对象,随机分为2组,每组36例,治疗组给予依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠,对照组单用奥扎格雷钠。治疗14d后,比较2组神经功能缺损评分（NIHSS）,对比2组日常生活能力（Barthel）及疗效。结果治疗14d后,治疗组总有效率91.67%,对照组77.78%,治疗组明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。2组NIHSS评分及Barthel改善较治疗前明显,治疗组较对照组更为显著（P〈0.05）。结论依达拉奉联合奥扎格雷钠治疗急性脑梗死具有协调作用,可改善神经功能缺损效果明显,且无不良反应,临床效果好,值得推广应用。     

抗血小板药物对急性非心源性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸的影响

目的 观察抗血小板药物阿司匹林和氯吡格雷对急性非心源性脑梗死患者血浆溶血磷脂酸（lysophosphatidic acid,LPA）水平的影响。方法 选取急性脑梗死患者180例,随机分为阿司匹林组和氯吡格雷组,阿司匹林组在常规治疗的基础上加用拜阿司匹林0.1g,每天一次,氯吡格雷组在常规治疗的基础上加用氯吡格雷75mg,每天一次。两组分别于治疗前和治疗后第12～14天测定血浆LPA。另设正常对照组50名,均为我院健康体检者。结果 脑梗死组LPA水平明显高于对照组（3.80±0.87μmol/L vs 2.85±0.65μmol/L,P <0.01）;与治疗前相比,阿司匹林组和氯吡格雷组治疗后LPA水平均明显降低（3.26±0.50μmol/L vs 3.79±0.83μmol/L,P <0.01;3.06±0.69μmol/L vs 3.82±0.90μmol/L,P <0.01）,但氯吡格雷组降低更明显（P <0.01）。结论 急性脑梗死患者血中LPA水平高于正常人;抗血小板药物阿司匹林、氯吡格雷均能显著降低急性脑梗死患者LPA,其中氯吡格雷较阿司匹林更明显。     

奥扎格雷钠治疗脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察奥扎格雷钠治疗脑梗死的临床疗效。方法治疗组40例，用奥扎格雷钠氯化钠注射液治疗；时照组40例，用复方丹参注射液治疗。观察并比较两组患者神经功能缺损评分及临床疗效，用药期间的不良反应。结果奥扎格雷钠氯化钠组治疗总有效率90％，对照组70％；与对照组疗效比较分析，差异有显著意义（P〈0．01）。结论奥扎格雷钠治疗脑梗死有效、安全，且疗效优于复方丹参。     

奥扎格雷钠联合疏血通治疗急性脑梗死临床观察

目的 了解奥扎格雷钠联合疏血通治疗急性脑梗死的临床疗效.方法 选择急性脑梗死患者240例,随机分为治疗组120例,对照组120例.治疗组给予奥扎格雷钠注射液联合疏血通注射液静滴,1次/d;对照组给予奥扎格雷钠联合丹参静滴,1次/d,治疗2周后进行疗效评定,检测血液流变学及凝血常规.结果 治疗组治疗后血小板聚集率降低、纤维蛋白原含量较治疗前降低,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.治疗组显效率67.5%,对照组为38.3%;治疗组有效率94.2%,对照组为75.0%,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）.结论 奥扎格雷钠联合疏血通治疗急性脑梗死的疗效肯定,值得临床推广.     

奥扎格雷钠联合依达拉奉治疗对急性脑梗死患者神经系统功能恢复的影响

目的：探讨奥扎格雷钠联合依达拉奉治疗对急性脑梗死患者神经系统功能恢复的影响。方法选取2011‐01—2014‐01于我院治疗的130例急性脑梗死患者为研究对象,随机分为观察组65例和对照组65例,对照组在常规治疗的基础上,静滴奥扎格雷钠;治疗组在对照组治疗基础上静滴依达拉奉,14 d为一疗程,比较2组患者治疗前后的神经功能缺损评分并评价临床疗效。结果治疗后观察组和对照组患者NIHSS评分及NDS评分均较治疗前有明显改善,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）;且观察组治疗后NIHSS评分及NDS评分均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）。结论奥扎格雷钠联合依达拉奉治疗有利于急性脑梗死患者神经系统功能恢复,可明显提高临床疗效。     

奥扎格雷钠联合小剂量尿激酶治疗急性脑梗死疗效观察

目的观察奥扎格雷钠联合小剂量尿激酶治疗急性脑梗死的疗效。方法应用奥扎格雷钠针80mg，加入生理盐水250ml静滴，2次／d，尿激酶10万U加入生理盐水25ml静滴，治疗急性脑梗死40例为治疗组。以低分子右旋糖酐500ml＋复方丹参针16ml静滴治疗40例为对照组。结果治疗组与对照组总有效率分别为82．5％与60．0％（P〈0．01），治疗组生活能力恢复明显优于对照组（P〈0.05），治疗中未出现自发性出血。结论初步认为，奥扎格雷钠联合尿激酶冶疗急性脑梗死有较肯定的疗效，且方法简便、安全。     

The neuroendocrinology of stress and the pathophysiology and therapy of depression and anxiety

Clinical and preclinical studies have gathered substantial evidence that stress response alterations play a major role in the development of major depression, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder. The stress response, the hypothalamic pituitary adrenocortical (HPA) system and its modulation by corticotropin-releasing hormones (CRH),corticosteroids,and their receptors, and the roles of natriuretic peptides and neuroactive steroids are described. We review the role of the HPA system in major depression, panic disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder and its possible relevance for treatment. Impaired glucocorticoid receptor function in major depression is associated with an excessive release of neurohormones such as CRH, to which a number of signs and symptoms characteristic of depression can be ascribed. In panic disorder, a role of central CRH in panic attacks has been suggested. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is causally involved in sodium lactate-induced panic attacks. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical data on its anxiolytic activity suggest that nonpeptidergic ANP receptor ligands may be potentially useful in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Post-traumatic stress disorder is characterized by a peripheral hyporesponsive HPA system and elevated CRH concentrations in the CSF. This dissociation is probably related to an increased risk of this disorder. We further review recent data that describe an important role of GABA(A)-receptor modulatory,3 alpha-reduced neuroactive steroids in major depression, anxiety, and its treatment. Antidepressants are effective in both depression and anxiety disorders and have major effects on the HPA system,especially on glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors. Normalization of HPA system abnormalities is a strong predictor of the clinical course, at least in major depression and panic disorder. Currently,CRH-R1 or glucocorticoid receptor antagonists and ANP receptor agonists are being studied and may provide future treatment options more closely related to the pathophysiology of these disorders.     

Polymorphisms of DRD4 and DRD3 and risk of avoidant and obsessive personality traits and disorders

We investigated whether polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) and polymorphisms of the dopamine D3 receptor (DRD3) were associated with personality disorder symptomatology rather than with personality traits such as novelty seeking. DNA was obtained from 145 depressed patients in a clinical trial. These patients were assessed for the presence of personality disorder symptoms and disorders. The 2-repeat allele of the DRD4 exon III polymorphism was associated with increased rates of avoidant and obsessive personality disorder symptomatology. The T,T genotype of the DRD4 -521 C>T polymorphism was also associated with increased rates of avoidant and obsessive personality disorder symptomatology. The Gly9,Gly9 genotype of the DRD3 Ser9Gly polymorphism was associated with increased rates of obsessive personality disorder symptomatology. None of these three polymorphisms were associated with novelty seeking or other temperament traits on the Temperament and Character Inventory. Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms of DRD4 and DRD3 may well be associated with personality traits, and that conflicting findings to date may arise from the problem of phenotype definition.     

Modulators and inhibitors of gamma- and beta-secretases

Most gene mutations associated with Alzheimer's disease point to the metabolism of amyloid precursor protein as a potential cause. The beta- and gamma-secretases are two executioners of amyloid precursor protein processing resulting in amyloid-beta. Significant progress has been made in the selective inhibition of both proteases, regardless of structural information for gamma-secretase. Several peptidic and nonpeptidic leads were identified for both targets.     

沙盘游戏疗法在地中海贫血患儿心理干预中的应用

本文目的是对沙盘游戏疗法在地中海贫血患儿心理干预中的应用进行综述,以期为地中海贫血患儿的心理康复提供参考。地中海贫血是以珠蛋白生成障碍为主要特征的遗传性疾病,由于长期输血治疗,患儿存在较多的心理和行为问题。沙盘游戏疗法作为一种有效、实用的儿童心理治疗方法,对提高地中海贫血患儿的康复效果、改善生存质量有重要的临床意义。     

癫痫共病抑郁的机制及临床诊疗

本文目的是探讨癫痫共病抑郁的可能机制及临床诊疗。癫痫是一种常见的、慢性的、致残性的神经疾病,癫痫患者生活质量下降,存在明显的负性情绪,常伴发各种精神疾病。癫痫与抑郁具有共同的神经生物学基础,可能存在共同的发病机制。本文从癫痫共病抑郁的发病机制、临床诊断及治疗方面予以总结归纳。     

精神分裂症异质性及其与5—HT,NE相互作用研究

应用高压液相色谱（ＨＰＬＣ）对４２例阳性精神分裂症、２５例阴性精神分裂症和１０例健康正常对照组脑脊液中（ＣＳＦ）５—羟色胺（５—ＨＴ）、５—羟吲哚乙酸（５—ＨＩＡＡ）、去甲肾上腺素（ＮＥ）、３—甲基—４—羟基苯乙二醇（ＭＨＰＧ）进行测试。并以５—ＨＴ／ＮＥ、５—ＨＩＡＡ／ＭＨＰＧ为其相互作用指标，结果发现，阳性精神分裂症ＮＥ、ＭＨＰＧ、５—ＨＩＡＡ／ＭＨＰＧ显著低于正常对照组，而且ＮＥ、５—ＨＩＡＡ显著低于阴性精神分裂症，但是５—ＨＴ／ＮＥ则显著高于阴性精神分裂症。作者就此结果进行了讨论。