子宫肌瘤治疗中甲基睾丸素联合米非司酮的疗效分析

目的分析甲基睾丸素联合米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤的临床疗效。方法将101例子宫肌瘤患者分为治疗组(91例)和对照组(10例),治疗组以甲基睾丸素联合米非司酮治疗,对照组以促性腺激素释放激素类似物治疗,分析两种方法的治疗效果。结果两组患者治疗后月经均得到明显改善,患者治疗后子宫及子宫肌瘤体积均明显缩小,与治疗前对比(<0.05),组间差异不明显(>0.05),两组患者治疗期间无严重不良反应。结论甲基睾丸素联合米非司酮治疗子宫肌瘤临床疗效确切,安全有效,可作为治疗症状轻、近绝经年龄或全身情况不宜手术者这类子宫肌瘤的理想药物治疗方法。     

丙酸睾丸素长效埋植剂的体外及动物实验

将固体丙酸睾丸素与胆固醇混合，制成２５－３０ｍｇ重的药粒。进行了零级释放和大鼠皮下体内释放实验。     

Y染色体上控制身高基因的证据

睾丸女性化综合征(TFS)指基因型为XY而无男性外生殖器的病人,其体内的睾丸素水平正常.这是由于细胞内缺乏睾丸素受体使睾丸素不敏感所致.在研究究竟是Y染色体上基因决定身高还是睾丸素起作用方面,TFS是一理想的天然例子.本文报告48例年龄从出生到26岁的TFS病人,均除外其它可以影响身高的疾病.其中21例(41%)有2.7～17.3年的三年以上随访身高的资料.作者发现TFS的身高与正常男性相似而高于正常女性的事实说明睾丸素并不     

睾丸摘除后大鼠垂体前叶CGRP免疫反应神经纤维的变化

目的 探讨体内睾酮水平变化对大鼠垂体前叶ＣＧＲＰ免疫反应神经纤维的影响。方法 成年雄性ＳＤ大鼠随机分为７个组;正常对照组（ＮＯＲ）,睾丸摘除组（ＯＸ）,假手术组（ＳＯ）;正常＝丙酸睾丸素组（ＮＯＲ＋ＴＰ）;睾丸摘除＋丙酸睾丸素组（ＯＴ＋ＴＰ０,正常＋油剂组（ＮＯＲ＋Ｖ）;睾丸摘除＋油剂组（ＯＸ＋Ｖ）。采用免疫组织化学和图像分析方法观察大鼠垂体前叶中ＣＧＲＰ免疫反应神经纤维的变化。     

微囊藻毒素亮氨酸精氨酸(MC-LR)损伤睾丸支持细胞免疫反应及细胞生物学行为的机制研究进展

微囊藻毒素亮氨酸精氨酸(MC-LR)是水华爆发时微囊藻属、鱼腥藻属等蓝藻产生的一种对人类有致癌性的藻毒素。MC-LR可对雄性动物生殖系统产生毒性，导致不育，主要表现为诱导细胞凋亡、破坏细胞骨架、干扰DNA损伤修复途径或损伤血睾屏障(BTB)功能等。睾丸支持细胞(Sertoli细胞)是生精小管中与生精细胞直接接触的体细胞，可通过分泌多种细胞因子和免疫抑制因子调节免疫反应以维持睾丸免疫稳态，亦可与邻近生殖细胞形成BTB,为各级生精细胞提供营养、支持和保护作用的微环境。MC-LR可引发睾丸Sertoli细胞炎症、诱导细胞凋亡、破坏BTB完整性，进而造成睾丸生精功能障碍。     

原位缺口平移法检测睾丸组织中凋亡细胞的应用

目的：研究原位缺口平移技术在显示睾丸细胞凋亡的应用。方法：采用原位缺口平移技术检测大鼠睾丸组织中ＤＮＡ断裂，显示细胞凋亡。结果：在睾丸组织中出现阳性标记细胞，在１０μｍ厚的切片上，每条精曲小管可见０～３个阳性标记细胞。结论：该方法可用于不同生理和病理条件下睾丸细胞凋亡的研究。     

体外贴壁和微囊化生长睾丸支持细胞形态与其功能的相关性

背景：细胞体外培养一直是研究活细胞的主要方法,但体外培养细胞的形态和生长环境与体内环境有很大差异,因此,细胞的生物活性是否能准确反映体内该细胞的状态尚不清楚。 目的：观察体外培养细胞的形态与其生理功能间的相关性。 方法：体外培养不同生长状态的小鼠睾丸支持细胞,一种为贴壁生长状态,细胞呈扁平状;另一种为微囊化生长状态,细胞呈立体球状。分别取2种不同形态睾丸支持细胞的培养液,进行十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,获取相应的蛋白质条带,通过蛋白质相对分子质量的计算来确认睾丸支持细胞分泌蛋白质的种类。 结果与结论：贴壁生长的扁平状的睾丸支持细胞培养液中可辨别出14个条带,蛋白质相对分子质量分布在(17~158)×10³之间;微囊化生长的立体球状睾丸支持细胞培养液中可辨别出10个条带,蛋白质相对分子质量分布在(17~58)×10³之间。提示不同形态的睾丸支持细胞在蛋白质分泌数量和种类上都存在着差异,细胞的形态与其生理功能之间存在着明显的相关性。     

人胎睾丸的组织发生

用7～38周人胎35例,取睾丸固定于 Carnoy 液,石蜡包埋,以 HE、PAS 反应及甲绿哌喏宁法染色。7周初的性腺尚未分化,可见散在的原始生殖细胞。13周睾丸特征已明显,白膜厚,睾丸素清楚,索间有密集的嗜酸性间质细胞。14.5周部分睾丸索出现小腔,而成管状。睾丸索包含大而着色淡的原始生殖细胞及色深的原始支持细胞。胎早期原始生殖细胞含有丰富的糖原颗粒。睾丸门、白膜及表面上皮内均见散在或成群的生殖细胞。睾丸间质细胞分幼稚型、成熟型及退化型。13～15周以幼稚型为主;16～18周以成熟型为主,成熟型的胞质内含有 RNA 颗粒;20周后退化型增多,成熟型减少。38周时,睾丸间质细胞单个或成行存在,数量大为减少。     

东方神丹对去势大鼠附属性腺的作用

中药东方神丹粉剂对 5月龄睾丸切除 (去势肾虚证模型 )雄性 Wistar大白鼠术后灌胃 6周 ,结果表明去势鼠前列腺、精囊腺、包皮腺、提肛肌出现明显萎缩 ,东方神丹、阳性对照药及丙酸睾丸素对前列腺、精囊腺及提肛肌具有明显抗萎缩作用 ,前列腺泡上皮细胞 SDH酶活性增强。丙酸睾丸素作用最强 ,东方神丹优于阳性对照药 ,其器官重量指数明显增加 ,组间具有明显统计学差异。结果提示东方神丹具有丙酸睾丸素样作用 ,对维持附属性腺的发育和正常功能具有重要意义     

抗苗勒管激素临床应用的新进展

抗苗勒管激素（anti—Mullerian hormone，AMH）是一种二聚体糖蛋白，最初发现AMH是由睾丸支持细胞产生的，其生理功能是抑制雄性苗勒管的发育，参与睾丸的分化和发育。在过去十几年，医学工作者对AMH进行了大量的研究，发现AMH值可以准确地反映卵巢卵泡储备水平，     

Testin interacts with vangl2 genetically to regulate inner ear sensory cell orientation and the normal development of the female reproductive tract in mice

Results: We identified Testin as a Vangl2‐interacting protein through a 2‐hybrid screen with a cochlea cDNA library. Testin is enriched to cell–cell boundaries in the presence of Vangl2 in cultured cells. Genetic inactivation of Testin leads to abnormal hair cell orientation in the vestibule and cellular patterning defects in the cochlea. In addition, Testin genetically interacts with Vangl2 to regulate hair cell orientation in the cochlea and the opening of the vaginal tract. 相似文献   

Early embryonic expression patterns of the mouse Flamingo and Prickle orthologues.

The Drosophila melanogaster proteins Flamingo and Prickle act in the planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway, which is required for acquisition of epithelial polarity in the wing, eye, and epidermis. In mammals, PCP signaling has been shown to regulate cell movements and polarity in a variety of tissues. Here, we show that the murine Flamingo orthologues Celsr1-3 and the Prickle orthologues Prickle1, Prickle2, and Testin have dynamic patterns of expression during pregastrulation and gastrulation stages. Celsr1 is expressed in the anterior visceral endoderm and nascent mesoderm, Celsr2 and Celsr3 mark the prospective neuroectoderm, Prickle1 is expressed in the primitive streak and mesoderm, Prickle2 in the node, and Testin in the anterior visceral endoderm, the extraembryonic ectoderm, primitive streak, and mesoderm. Analysis of a gene-trap mutation in Testin indicates that this gene is not required for embryogenesis; therefore, other Prickle homologues may compensate for its function during development.     

Laboratory diagnosis of dysfibrinogenemia

Dysfibrinogenemia is a coagulation disorder caused by a variety of structural abnormalities in the fibrinogen molecule that result in abnormal fibrinogen function. It can be inherited or acquired. The inherited form is associated with increased risk of bleeding, thrombosis, or both in the same patient or family. Traditionally, dysfibrinogenemia is diagnosed by abnormal tests of fibrin clot formation; the thrombin time and reptilase time are the screening tests, and the fibrinogen clotting activity-antigen ratio is the confirmatory test. The inherited form is diagnosed by demonstrating similar laboratory test abnormalities in family members, and if necessary by analysis of the fibrinogen protein or fibrinogen genes in the patient. The acquired form is diagnosed by demonstrating abnormal liver function tests and by ruling out dysfibrinogenemia in family members. This article reviews the laboratory testing of dysfibrinogenemia and presents an algorithm for sequential test selection that can be used for diagnosis.     

Case report of an anaphylactoid reaction to arginine.

BACKGROUND: Arginine is an agent commonly used to evaluate adequacy of growth hormone (GH) secretion. Because arginine is a simple amino acid, it is considered safe and rarely causes adverse reactions. OBJECTIVE: To report the second anaphylactoid reaction to arginine in a child undergoing stimulation testing with arginine for assessing GH secretion. METHODS: Allergy skin testing to arginine was performed with a protocol similar to penicillin testing 4 weeks after the anaphylactoid reaction. RESULTS: Testing revealed a positive response to the arginine. CONCLUSIONS: The use of intravenous arginine as a test of GH reserve remains safe and effective, but it is prudent to have the equipment and medication available to treat an allergic reaction.     

Comparative analysis of human cytomegalovirus-specific CD4(+) T-cell frequency and lymphoproliferative response in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients.

Evaluation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific T-helper immunity could contribute in optimizing anti-HCMV therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Testin the lymphoproliferative response (LPR) is the standard technique used to evaluate T-helper response, but its use in the routine diagnostic laboratory setting can be problematic. The most promising new alternative technique is the determination of HCMV-specific CD4(+) T-cell frequency by flow cytometry detection of intracellular cytokine production after short-term antigen-specific activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. HCMV-specific LPR and CD4(+) T-cell frequency were compared in a group of 78 blood samples from 65 HIV-infected patients. The results showed concordance in 80.7% of samples. In addition, comparative analysis of sequential blood samples from 13 HIV-infected patients showed that while in about half of patients the T-helper HCMV-specific immune response remained stable during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in the other half declining levels of the HCMV-specific CD4(+)-mediated immune response were determined by either one or both assays. In conclusion, our data suggest that the determination of HCMV-specific CD4(+) T-cell frequency can be considered a valuable alternative to the LPR test for the detection of HCMV-specific T-helper response in HIV-infected patients. It could facilitate wider screening of anti-HCMV T-helper activity in HIV-infected patients, with potential benefits for clinicians in deciding strategies of discontinuation or maintenance of anti-HCMV therapy.     

Bioactivation of 6-aminochrysene by animal and human hepatic preparations: contributions of microsomal and cytosolic enzyme systems

6-Aminochrysene was converted into mutagen(s), in the Ames testin the presence of Aroclor 1254-induced hepatic S9, microsomaland cytosolic fractions, the first being the least and the lastthe most efficient activation system. The cytosolic activationof 6-aminochrysene decreased in the presence of increasing amountsof microsomes. The Aroclor 1254-induced rat microsomal and cytosolicsystems differed markedly in a number of properties, includingtheir cofactor requirements and responses to prototype inducersof the cytochrome P450-dependent mixed-function oxidase system.The cytosolic activation system could also convert 2-aminochryseneto mutagens but not 2- and 6-methylchrysene. Human hepatic cytosolcould convert 6-aminochrysene and 2-aminoanthracene to mutagensin the Ames test. It is concluded that a hepatic cytosolic oxygenaseexists, totally different from the microsomal oxygenases, whichmetabolizes aminopolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to mutagens,presumably through N-oxidation. This oxygenase activity appearsto be present in human hepatic cytosol. ¹To whom correspondence should be addressed     

Comparative Analysis of Human Cytomegalovirus-Specific CD4+ T-Cell Frequency and Lymphoproliferative Response in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Patients

Evaluation of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific T-helper immunity could contribute in optimizing anti-HCMV therapy in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients. Testin the lymphoproliferative response (LPR) is the standard technique used to evaluate T-helper response, but its use in the routine diagnostic laboratory setting can be problematic. The most promising new alternative technique is the determination of HCMV-specific CD4⁺ T-cell frequency by flow cytometry detection of intracellular cytokine production after short-term antigen-specific activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. HCMV-specific LPR and CD4⁺ T-cell frequency were compared in a group of 78 blood samples from 65 HIV-infected patients. The results showed concordance in 80.7% of samples. In addition, comparative analysis of sequential blood samples from 13 HIV-infected patients showed that while in about half of patients the T-helper HCMV-specific immune response remained stable during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), in the other half declining levels of the HCMV-specific CD4⁺-mediated immune response were determined by either one or both assays. In conclusion, our data suggest that the determination of HCMV-specific CD4⁺ T-cell frequency can be considered a valuable alternative to the LPR test for the detection of HCMV-specific T-helper response in HIV-infected patients. It could facilitate wider screening of anti-HCMV T-helper activity in HIV-infected patients, with potential benefits for clinicians in deciding strategies of discontinuation or maintenance of anti-HCMV therapy.     

基于LabVIEW的心音心电同步采集与实时播放

介绍一种通过同步采集心音心电并实时播放心音,以实现听诊与观察心音图相结合的系统.采用C8051F340为核心的硬件系统同步采集心音和心电信号,分别送到前面板的心音、心电窗口显示波形,同时用LabVIEW的声音函数播放心音,通过控制数据写入显示件和声音输出设备的时间达到同步.经过临床试验,可以实现用心电定位心音,实时播放心音.     

It's the law. What is?

The New York State Partner Notification law is expected to go into effect in late spring or summer 1999. Residents who choose to be tested for HIV and test positive are required to have their names reported to the State Department of Health. The second part, requesting the names of all recent sexual and needle-sharing partners, is voluntary. Efforts will be made to inform partners who may have been exposed to HIV. All names will be kept in confidence within the department. Persons tested at anonymous testing sites or those who tested positive before the law was passed are exempt, but if medical care involving HIV is sought, the names of HIV-positive people will be reported. Medical practitioners are required to report any "known contacts" listed on any form viewed by the practitioner; for example, a spouse listed on an insurance form would be a known contact. Contact information for two AIDS policy groups is provided.