电子耳蜗的小波过零刺激方案及其DSP实现

目的：介绍小波过零刺激（Wavelet Zero—cross Stimulation，WZS）算法，并利用该算法设计实现人工电子耳蜗系统。方法：基于DSP芯片，采用ICETEK—VC5416语音开发板模拟小波过零刺激语音编码策略，同时进行人工电子耳蜗系统的硬件设计，并将计算机模拟的结果和CIS方案对比。结果：经过小波过零刺激算法处理的8个通道的语音信号进行合成，然后经扬声器播出，可听见较清晰的声音。结论：对小波过零刺激方案于语音信号小波变换域的过零点处合成刺激脉冲，其保留了语音信号的时域相关性和相干性，能够反映人的耳蜗对语音信号的时间编码特性。     

基于DSP的人工电子耳语音信号处理的研究

介绍人工电子耳的基本原理和ClS语音信号处理方案,提出基于DSP芯片TMS320LF2407的硬件电路设计和软件编程流程,最后通过计算机对经过DSP处理后的语音数据进行了仿真和合成,实验结果表明合成语音与原始语音在频谱包络特征上非常相似.     

人工耳蜗:中国深度耳聋患者的新未来

自20世纪80年代人工耳蜗问世以来,人工耳蜗已经成为了世界多地重度和深度耳聋患者的常规治疗手段。本文描述了人工耳蜗系统的基本设计,包括一个外部声音处理器,植入接收/刺激器以及耳蜗内刺激电极阵列。此外,本文还对现今临床和实验室研究领域以及关键挑战等进行了阐述,这些研究将对人工耳蜗技术在中国的广泛应用产生影响。     

《医疗卫生装备》杂志2005年度优秀论文及优秀撰稿单位优秀论文

论文题目 胰岛素泵的研制 新型触觉反馈装置的研制 虚拟心电采集系统设日 丛于嵌入式rc的医用检验仪器的扩}描装置的设计 医用微喷雾化器中喷孔分布结构研究 基于CCD的数字化移动式X线机的研制 高强度聚焦超声肿瘤治疗剂员分析和控制系统 基于移动电话传输信号的心音遥测方法的初步研究 人工电子耳蜗中语音处理器的研究 一种基于InLorn以的多生理参数远程监护系统 一等奖(lo篇) 作者 马斌曾艳杜住华甘志银刘胜张鸿海王志勇汪学方 彭小虎彭璐龄王国锋 戚仕涛汤黎明吴敏刘铁兵陈海峰 孟慧王学民刘凤军 杜桂彬周兆英朱俊华 王卓宇周凌宏贺志…     

人工耳蜗的技术参数及进展

人工耳蜗用于治疗双侧重度和极重度感音神经性聋已经有近40年历史,进入中国市场也有近20年。随着人工耳蜗技术的不断更新换代,各公司不同的新型号人工耳蜗不断应用于临床,下面就澳大利亚、奥地利和瑞士(美国)的人工耳蜗,尤其植入体和声音处理器不同型号产品的应用进展作一论述。     

人工耳蜗术后常见问题和注意事项

正人工耳蜗是一种电子装置,由体外言语处理器将声音转换为一定编码形式的电信号,通过植入体内的电极系统直接兴奋听神经来恢复或重建聋人的听觉功能。现在全世界已把人工耳蜗作为治疗重度聋至全聋的常规方法。而对于普通语前聋患者,最佳植入年龄为小于2岁。孩子在0~3岁是学习语言的黄金期,“过站再买票”比较费力。虽然,植入人工耳蜗可以让很多孩子听见世界的声音。但人工耳蜗的费用的确很高,让很多经济     

TMS320C6000系列数字信号处理器在医学中的应用

本文介绍了TI公司的TMS320C6000系列的数字信号处理器的特点和规格，讨论了它在医学中的应用，并且举例说明了MS320C6201芯片在医学图像处理中的应用。     

人工耳蜗治疗全聋

人工耳蜗是一种可植入人体内的电子装置，与体外携带的吉语处理器连接后，能够使全聋忠者重获听觉。     

便携式低功耗12导联数字心电图机的设计

设计了一种基于数字信号处理器TMS320C5515和模拟采集前端ADS1298的便携式低功耗12导联数字心电图机。心电信号由模拟前端采集后送入TMS320C5515进行预处理并通过液晶模块实时显示。同时系统配置了大容量闪存芯片,可以长时间无压缩存储心电数据,也可以通过USB接口将心电数据传送至上位机,进行信号的离线分析和诊断。系统体积小．功耗低．精度高。     

多通道人工耳蜗语音编码方案的研究

多通道人工耳蜗语音编码方案的研究北京协和医院吴相钜，杨兰方前言用电刺激法恢复全聋人听觉的历史可以追溯到本世纪３０年代。１９３４年苏联Ａｎｄｒｅｅｆ发表《听器官的电刺激》，其后，１９５７年法国Ｊｕｒｎｏ报导第一例耳蜗埋植临床试验。美国人Ｈｏｕｓｅ对人工...     

Acquisition of Speech, Preand Post-Cochlear Implantation: Longitudinal Studies of A Congenitally Deaf Infant

This paper details the process of speech acquisition by the first British, congenitally deaf infant (without additional handicaps) to be fitted with a multi-channel cochlear implant. The infant's phonological and phonetic level development using, firstly, acoustic hearing aids, and secondly a cochlear implant, is thoroughly detailed by use of video and audio-recorded data, taken at weekly intervals and across a variety of contexts. The paper examines the benefit of early implantation for spoken language development and notes the utility of Ling's model of speech acquisition for the habilitation of young, congenitally deaf implant recipients.     

41例人工耳蜗植入术围手术期护理体会

目的:探讨人工耳蜗植入术围手术期的护理常规,以促进聋儿的术后听力言语康复。方法:对行人工耳蜗手术的41例患儿进行术前、术后护理。结果:所有人工耳蜗植入患儿手术成功,未出现并发症。结论:积极有效的护理措施是保证手术成功的重要因素。     

Postmeningitis deafness in young children: action warranted before obliteration of the cochlea

Meningitis may cause inflammation of the cochlea, which may result in deafness and also in rapid obliteration ofthe cochlea with fibrous tissue or even ossification, conditions that obstruct the placement ofa cochlear implant. In the first of two cases of postmeningitis deafness, in a boy aged 6 months and a girl aged 1 year and 9 months, ignorance about the time of audiological follow-up threatened the options for restoration of hearing. In the other case, a long diagnostic programme and an unsuccessful attempt at cochlear implantation caused a long delay in optimal restoration of hearing. Both cases illustrate the difficulties in connection with postmeningitis deafness in relation to the option of a cochlear implant operation. To increase the chances of a successful implantation, the time span between meningitis and audiological and radiological follow-up must be short. Auditory brain stem responses (ABR) and MRI are the keystones of the work-up.     

A quality improvement study: Optimizing pneumococcal vaccination rates in children with cochlear implants

Children with cochlear implants are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, with national and international guidelines recommending additional pneumococcal vaccines for these children.This study aimed to examine the pneumococcal immunization status and rate of invasive pneumococcal disease in children with cochlear implants at a tertiary paediatric hospital over a 12-year period. Additionally, the impacts of vaccination reminders and a dedicated immunization clinic on pneumococcal vaccination rates were assessed.This quality improvement study included 200 children who had received a cochlear implant through the Children’s Hearing Implant Program at a tertiary paediatric hospital servicing the state of Western Australia. The majority of children (88%) were not up to date with additionally recommended pneumococcal vaccinations. Over the 12-year study period, 2% of children developed invasive pneumococcal disease associated with cochlear implant infections. Generic and personalized electronic immunization reminders improved pneumococcal vaccine up-take in this paediatric cochlear implant setting from 12% (19/153) at baseline to 49% (75/153, p < 0.0001) post implementation. The value of a nurse-led dedicated immunization clinic was also demonstrated with all children (42/42, 100%) up to date with Prevenar13 and the majority (34/42, 81%) up to date with Pneumovax23 post initiation of this referral pathway. These data support the expansion of this model to other medically-at-risk paediatric groups that have been highlighted consistently to be under-vaccinated.     

人工耳蜗植入体刺激器外壳气密性检测方法

在人工耳蜗植入系统中,刺激器是接收、处理电信号、保证刺激电极正确刺激人体耳蜗神经的核心部件。刺激器外壳的密封性保证了刺激器内部电路与人体之间的有效隔离,既可以防止内部电路所含的有害成分渗入到人体,又可以保证体液不会腐蚀内部电路,对患者的生命安全及患者感知声音的效果有着重要影响。YY0989.7-2017是针对人工耳蜗植入系统的专用要求,现分析影响该标准规定整体泄漏检测的准确性因素,阐述整体泄漏检测过程中所遇到的问题,并给予解决方法和注意事项。     

Cochlear Implant: the complexity involved in the decision making process by the family

Objective

to understand the meanings the family attributes to the phases of the decision-making process on a cochlear implant for their child.

Method

qualitative research, using Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as the theoretical and methodological frameworks, respectively. Data collection instrument: semistructured interview. Nine families participated in the study (32 participants).

Results

knowledge deficit, difficulties to contextualize benefits and risks and fear are some factors that make this process difficult. Experiences deriving from interactions with health professionals, other cochlear implant users and their relatives strengthen decision making in favor of the implant.

Conclusion

deciding on whether or not to have the implant involves a complex process, in which the family needs to weigh gains and losses, experience feelings of accountability and guilt, besides overcoming the risk aversion. Hence, this demands cautious preparation and knowledge from the professionals involved in this intervention.     

Enhancement Technology and Outcomes: What Professionals and Researchers Can Learn from Those Skeptical About Cochlear Implants

This text presents an overview of the bioethical debate on pediatric cochlear implants and pays particular attention to the analysis of the Deaf critique of implantation. It dismisses the idea that Deaf concerns are primarily about the upholding of Deaf culture and sign language. Instead it is argued that Deaf skepticism about child rehabilitation after cochlear surgery is well founded. Many Deaf people have lived experiences as subjects undergoing rehabilitation. It is not the cochlear technology in itself they view as problematic, but rather the subsequent rehabilitation process. Because they themselves have experienced what they describe as harmful effects which relate above all to the idea of normalization, they have articulated worries for the new generations of deaf children in need of rehabilitation following cochlear implant surgery. These insights have attracted little attention, but could represent relevant ethical questions of which both practitioners and researchers in the field of implantation might be aware.     

How Japanese parents of deaf children arrive at decisions regarding pediatric cochlear implantation surgery: a qualitative study

In recent years, many children with severe or profound congenital hearing loss have undergone treatment to receive cochlear implants; however, the efficacy and risks associated with pediatric cochlear implants are still unknown. Some deaf adults are opposed to parents making the decision regarding cochlear implants for their children. To elucidate the benefits and risks perceived by parents and to investigate parents' decision-making processes, we interviewed 26 parents of deaf children (aged 12 years or younger) who live in the wider Tokyo area, Japan. The results showed that the participants perceived auditory and speech improvements as benefits. On the other hand, participants pointed out various risks associated with cochlear implantation such as medical complications, restrictions on daily activities, cost of cochlear implant upgrades, low effectiveness, and the negative psychosocial impact associated with the implants. Participants who emphasized the benefits of the surgery tended to approve of cochlear implants. Participants who emphasized the risks of the surgery tended to disapprove. All participants, however, were reluctant to make the decision to undergo cochlear implants on behalf of their children due to the uncertain benefits and risks. Participants who believed that early implantation during infancy would be associated with better outcomes regarded their surrogate decision-making as necessary and approved the treatment. This decision, however, was made with certain stipulations; for example, these parents resolved to discuss the decision with their children as they got older, and would give their children the option of having the implant removed. Those who did not believe claims about the effectiveness of early implantation postponed decision-making. These results suggest that guardians face difficulty in decision-making and need information and support from various professionals, deaf adults, parents of children with implants, and children with implants themselves.     

前庭水管扩大行人工耳蜗植入言语康复效果分析

目的:探讨使用听觉和言语问卷分级评估比较前庭水管扩大伴耳蜗畸形与前庭水管扩大不伴耳蜗畸形耳聋患儿人工耳蜗植入术后的听觉言语康复效果.方法:按术前影像学检查将前庭水管扩大人工耳蜗植入患儿分为耳蜗正常组和耳蜗畸形组,并配对组合,应用问卷式听觉行为分级标准和言语识别率分级标准分别评估人工耳蜗植入患者术后的言语感知及言语产生能力,并对两组患者的耳蜗圈数与康复效果之间的相关性进行统计学分析.结果:经统计学分析,前庭水管扩大伴耳蜗畸形与前庭水管扩大伴耳蜗正常组行人工耳蜗植入术后听觉言语无显著性差异.结论:前庭水管扩大伴耳蜗畸形患者人工耳蜗植入术后,听力言语康复效果与耳蜗解剖结构正常植入者相同;人工耳蜗植入术可帮助前庭水管扩大伴耳蜗畸形的重度耳聋患者重建听力;听觉行为分级标准和言语识别率分级标准是评估人工耳蜗术后听觉言语能力的客观标准.