菌霉克星防霉剂抗菌效力和机理的研究

本文对PKBM防霉剂的抗菌效力及其作用机理进行了实验研究。结果表明：PKBM对10种试验菌的MIC为0.008％;MBC为0.15％;0．02％浓度对供试细菌和霉菌的106cfu／ml菌落均能产生不小于25mm的抑菌圈。PKBM能破坏菌体的细胞结构．抑制ATP酶活性．影响能量代谢。抗菌效力高效广谱,优于其它防霉剂。     

壳寡糖对神经干细胞分化的影响

目的:探讨壳聚糖的降解产物壳寡糖对神经干细胞分化的影响。方法:将壳聚糖降解为分子量1100能够溶于水的壳寡糖,然后将不同浓度的壳寡糖(0.1mg/ml,0.01mg/ml)与神经干细胞共培养12天,研究壳寡糖对神经干细胞分化的影响,对照组采用无壳寡糖培养。结果:实验组的神经干细胞分化的突起平均长度比对照组要长,表明一定浓度的壳寡糖能够促进神经干细胞的分化。结论:用壳聚糖制备人工神经移植物时,壳聚糖导管不仅在神经再生过程可起到支架,细胞依附的作用,同时其降解产物壳寡糖能够起到促进神经生长的作用,而进一步阐明壳聚糖具有多功能的生物学作用。     

碘仿对高湿热条件下实验性家兔肝脏损伤后创面感染的抗菌作用

目的 观察碘仿对肝脏创面抗菌作用。方法 采用兔肝脏创伤后继发感染的模型建立，比较碘仿凝胶和四环素的抗菌活性。结果 全部实验菌对碘仿的MIC远低于碘仿凝胶药物浓度；碘仿中、高两个剂量组和四环素乳膏组均具显疗效，但6％和10％碘仿凝胶组肝脏创面愈合时间较四环素乳膏组短。结论 二对常见菌均具有很好的抑制作用，但碘仿的抗菌活性优于四环素。     

菌霉克星防霉剂抗菌效力和机理的研究

本文对ＰＫＢＭ防霉剂的抗菌效力及其作用机理进行了实验研究。结果表明：ＰＫＢＭ对１０种试验菌的ＭＩＣ为０．００８％,ＭＢＣ为０．１５％;０．０２％浓度对供试细菌和霉菌的１０＾６ｃｆｕ／ｍｌ菌落均能产生不小于２５ｍｍ的抑菌圈。ＰＫＢＭ能破坏菌体的细胞结构,抑制ＡＴＰ酶活性,影响能量代谢。抗菌效力高效广谱,优于其它防霉剂。     

非专一性酶催化壳聚糖水解反应的特性

某些非专一性酶对壳聚糖具有一定的降解作用，具有普遍的壳聚糖酶的活性。α-淀粉酶对壳聚糖的降解作用受温度、底物浓度、酶浓度、反应时间、pH等因素的影响，其最佳反应条件为壳聚糖浓度20g/L，酶浓度4g/L,pH值6.0，反应温度50℃。降解反应初期是以内切的方式进行，所得到的壳寡糖具有较低的分散度。     

水溶性壳聚糖和壳寡糖的吸湿保湿性能及对几种致病菌抑制作用的研究

研究了水溶性壳聚糖、壳寡糖的吸湿性、保湿性能和其对铜绿假单胞菌、粪肠菌和肺炎克伯菌的抑菌作用。     

不同分子量壳寡糖促进变形链球菌生物膜脱落效果的比较

目的 比较不同分子量壳寡糖促进变形链球菌生物膜脱落的效果.方法 在3个6孔板中的盖玻片上形成24 h变形链球菌生物膜,然后分别加入分子量为2 000、3 000和5 000的壳寡糖溶液,溶液浓度分别为2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0、40.0 g/L,作用30 min和1h,应用死菌/活菌荧光染色和激光共聚焦扫描显微镜技术相结合,计算图片中细菌的面积百分比,对所得数据进行方差分析.结果 3种分子量的壳寡糖均可以促进变形链球菌生物膜脱落,与空白对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).当壳寡糖分子量相同时,随着壳寡糖溶液浓度的增大和作用时间的延长,细菌密度逐渐降低;当作用时间和壳寡糖溶液浓度相同时,分子量为5 000的壳寡糖促进生物膜脱落效果最好(P＜0.05).结论 分子量是壳寡糖促进变形链球菌生物膜脱落效果的影响因素之一.     

壳寡糖结合并激活巨噬细胞机制的研究

目的：研究壳寡糖结合并激活巨噬细胞的机制。方法：RT-PCR和ELISA检测壳寡糖对巨噬细胞及经γ干扰素（IFN-γ）预刺激巨噬细胞的白介素1β（IL-1β）基图表达水平的影响；钙离子脂化探针Fluo-3／AM检测壳寡糖对巨噬细胞胞浆游离Ca^＋浓度的影响；用四甲基异硫氰酸罗丹明标记甘露聚糖，激光共聚焦显微镜和流式细胞仪观察标记糖结合及进入巨噬细胞的情况；通过竞争性抑制实验探讨巨噬细胞摄取壳寡糖的可能途径。结果：壳寡糖对巨噬细胞IL-1β基因表达的影响呈浓度与时间依赖性，IFN-γ预刺激巨噬细胞有增强作用；高浓度壳寡糖引起巨噬细胞胞浆游离Ca2^＋浓度升高；壳寡糖竞争性抑制巨噬细胞内吞甘露聚糖，抑制强度达44％。结论：壳寡糖可能是经由巨噬细胞表面的甘露糖受体介导结舍并激活巨噬细胞，钙离子相关的信号转导途径可能参与这一过程。     

壳聚糖加工布料的抗菌性研究

本研究采用戊二醛作交联剂，以抗菌材料壳聚糖对棉织物进行卫生整理。用正交实验设计方案确定最优加工条件为：－CHO／－NH_2为1，醋酸浓度8％，戊二醛与壳聚糖反应时间1h，壳聚糖溶解时间24h。并用改良Quinn法检测加工后织物的抗菌效果，证明对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色老珠菌具有良好抗菌性能。     

5种常用广谱β内酰胺类抗生素的体外抗菌活性比较

目的 比较５年常用广谱β内酰胺类抗生素的抗菌活性。方法 用Ｅ－ｅｔｓｔ方法测定各抗生素对１００株细菌的最低抑菌浓度。结果 所测５种抗生素对受测菌的总敏感性依次为：亚胺培南９４％，头孢哌酮／舒巴坦７６％，头孢他啶６８％，头孢曲松６５％，哌拉西林３８％。结论 亚胺培南几乎可覆盖所有致病菌，且其抗菌活性最高；头孢他啶对革兰阴性杆菌的抗菌活性明显优于革兰阳性菌，尤其对铜绿假单孢菌的活性是其优势。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

APPLICATION OF LORNOXICAM TO PATIENT-CONTROLLED ANALGESIA IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ABDOMINAL SURGERIES

FOR anesthesiologis s ,treatingpostoperativepainhas alwaysbeen a problem.Althoughopioidshave been provedtobe effective,theirsideeffectscouldnotbeignored.With thedevelopmentofscienceand pharmacology,many drugs with aspectsof satisfactoryanalgesicefficacyand couldbe welltoleratedby patientshave been developed.And lornoxicamisone of them, which isa non-steroidalanti-inflammatorydrug (NSAID ), with analgesic, anti-infl-ammatory,andantipyreticproperties.Itseliminationhalf-time(3 to 5 hours) isle…     

Acupuncture Combined with Spinal Tui Na for Treatment of Primary Dysmenorrhea in 30 Cases

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effects in acupunture treatment of primary dysmenorrhea combined with spinal Tui Na, and study its mechanism. Methods: Thirty cases of the treatment group were treated by acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na, and thirty cases in the control group were treated by routine acupuncture. Results: The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, and 73.3% in the control group, with a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions: Acupuncture combined with spinal Tui Na has good prospects for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea.     

Luo Lingjie's Experience in Treating Chronic Nephropathy

In treating chronic nephropathy,Luo Lingjie,a chief physician,pays attention to regulating the balance between yin and yang,treating infection if present,and removing pathogenic factors.He prescribes gentle drugs and uses carefully strongly warming-tonifying ones,emphasizes the importance of persuading the patient to persist in treatment with medication and nurse one's health for recuperation,and is good at combined use of TCM and western medicine therapy and brings the merits of various therapies into full play,with obvious theraoeutic effects.     

Dr.Zhang Ren's Experience in the Acupuncture Treatment of Different Diseases with the Same Therapeutic Principle

Dr.Zhang Ren,the chief physician,is the chairman of Shanghai Acupuncture and Moxibustion Association.Having been engaged in medicine for about 40 years,he is experienced in treating various intractable diseases.In his long years of clinical practice,he advocates taking the TCM differentiation as the basis to seek for the acupuncture method for treatment of modern intractable diseases.The author of this essay had the fortune to follow Dr.Zhang in study.The following is a summary of Dr.Zhang's experience in the acupuncture treatment for different intractable diseases with the same therapeutic principle.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性的影响

目的 探讨猪肺磷脂注射液联合经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)对呼吸衰竭早产儿的临床疗效及肌酸激酶同工酶活性(CK-MB)的影响.方法 选取呼吸衰竭早产儿80例,分为观察组和对照组各40例.对照组采用NCPAP给氧治疗,观察组给予NCPAP给氧联合猪肺磷脂气管内给药.观察两组患儿治疗前及治疗12h、24 h后PaO2、PaCO2、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、pH的变化情况,检测治疗前及治疗5d后血清CK-MB水平;评估两组患儿的临床治疗效果.结果 两组患儿PaO2、PaCO2、SaO2、pH比较,差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中观察组治疗后的PaO2、SaO2、pH均高于对照组,PaCO2则低于对照组.两组的PaO2、SaO2、pH均随观察时间延长而升高(P＜0.05),PaCO2均随观察时间的延长而降低(P＜0.05).观察组治疗有效率为87.5％,显著高于对照组的70.0％ (P ＜0.05).治疗5d后两组患儿血清CK-MB水平均较前降低(P＜0.05),且观察组明显低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 猪肺磷脂注射液气管内给药联合NCPAP可以显著降低呼吸衰竭早产儿CK-MB的含量,提高治疗有效率,起到很好的呼吸循环支持作用.