食管癌组织中E-cadherin的表达及其与临床病理特征和预后关系的研究

目的：探讨钙粘附蛋白-E（E-cadherin）在食管癌组织中的表达及与肿瘤临床病理特征和预后之间的关系。方法：采用SP免疫组织化学方法检测41例食管癌组织标本和10例相应患者正常食管组织标本中E-cadherin的表达水平。结果：E-cadherin在食管癌组织中的表达显著降低，与肿瘤临床分期（rs=-0．488，P=0．001）、分化程度（rs=-0．346，P=0．045）、浸润深度（rs=-0．468，P=0．002）及淋巴结转移（rs=-0．471，P=0．002）呈明显负相关；与肿瘤体积、部位及患者性别、年龄无关，P〉0．05；并且与患者的预后密切相关，χ^2=14．90，P=0．0001。结论：E-cadherin可作为检测肿瘤早期发生，预测转移潜能及预后状况的有价值的指标。     

Sl00A4和E-cadherin表达与口腔鳞状细胞癌转移和预后的关系

目的:探讨S100A4和E-cadherin的表达量与口腔鳞状细胞癌(SCC)的临床病理学参数及SCC患者预后之间的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学SABC法检测86例口腔鳞状细胞癌组织标本中的S100A4和E-cadherin表达,分析S100A4和E-cadherin在口腔SCC中表达的相关性,两者与临床病理指标及预后的关系.结果:S100A4在口腔SCC组织中的表达与肿瘤的淋巴结转移(P=0.001),肿瘤分级(P=0.009),肿瘤的浸润方式(P=0.015),分化程度(P=0.483)和生存率(P=0.014)具有相关性.E-cadherin表达与肿瘤的分级(P=0.005),浸润方式(P=0.037),淋巴结转移(P=0.005)及生存率(P=0.015)密切相关,且与S100A4表达成显著负相关(P=0.02).表现为S100A4(2+,3+)/E-cadherin(-,+)的患者淋巴结转移率最高(P=0.039),预后最差(P=0.002).结论:S100A4和E-eadherin均是预测口腔SCC转移趋势和预后的有价值的指标.     

MTDH在胰腺癌中的表达及其与E-cadherin、MVD的关系

[目的]研究MTDH在胰腺癌中的表达及其与钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、肿瘤微血管密度的关系及其临床意义.[方法]应用免疫组织化学SP法检测MTDH、E-cadherin、CD31在60例胰腺癌及其癌旁正常胰腺组织中的表达;并用抗CD31抗体标记微血管,计数微血管密度.应用即时荧光定量PCR检测10例胰腺癌及其癌旁正常胰腺组织中MTDH mRNA的表达水平.[结果]MTDH在胰腺癌组织中的表达率显著高于癌旁胰腺组织中的表达(P＜0.05);胰腺癌组织MTDH的表达与患者临床分期(P=0.014)、淋巴结转移(P=0.002)和远处转移(P=0.006)相关;E-cadherin的表达与患者临床分期(P=0.002)、淋巴结转移(P=-0.023)和组织学分级(P=-0.027)相关.MTDH在胰腺癌组织中的表达与E-cadherin表达负相关(P＜0.05),与MVD表达呈正相关(P＜0.05).[结论]MTDH在胰腺癌中高表达,其表达水平与肿瘤的进展和转移相关.MTDH蛋白的高表达可能通过影响肿瘤E-cadherin的表达和肿瘤微血管生成来促进胰腺癌的转移.     

胰腺癌组织Syndecan-1和E-cadherin表达临床意义的研究

目的:探讨Syndecan-1和E-cadherin蛋白在人胰腺癌组织中的表达及其意义.方法:采用免疫组化SABC方法,检测42例胰腺癌组织和30例正常胰腺组织Syndecan-1和E-cadherin的表达情况,并分析其与临床、病理特性、生存率及两者之间的关系.结果:Syndecan-1蛋白在胰腺癌的阳性表达高于正常胰腺组织,P=0.002;E-cadherin在胰腺癌中的阳性表达明显低于在正常组织中的表达(P=0.000),在高分化组、无淋巴结及远处转移组、临床分期为Ⅰ、Ⅱ期组织中的阳性表达较高.两者的表达无相关性,rs=-0.109,P=0.490.结论:Syndecan-1的增高性表达和E-cadherin的降低性表达提示两者在胰腺癌的发生、发展和侵袭转移过程中可能起促进作用.     

胃癌组织HER-2表达预后意义分析

目的 探讨胃癌组织HER-2表达及其与患者预后的关系.方法 选取云南省肿瘤医院2009-02-01-2011-02-01手术切除的胃癌组织及相应的癌旁组织(距癌组织＞5 cm)77例,采用免疫组化法检测77例胃癌组织及其癌旁非肿瘤胃组织中HER-2的表达,分析HER-2表达与患者临床病理因素的关系,以及与预后的关系.结果 胃癌组织中HER-2的阳性表达率为10.4％(8/77),显著高于癌旁非肿瘤组织0(0/77),x2=8.438,P=0.003.HER-2表达与患者年龄(rs =0.353,P=0.002)、肿瘤分化程度(rs=-0.324,P=0.004)、淋巴结转移(rS=0.29,P=0.008)、Lauren分型(rs=-0.394,P＜0.001)及TNM分期(rs=0.331,P=0.003)有关,而与性别(rs=0.2,P=0.860)、民族(rs=-0.906,P=0.404)、肿瘤部位(rs=-0.019,P=0.871)、大小(rs=-0.060,P=0.606)及浸润深度(rs=0.107,P=0.354)无关.COX比例风险分析显示,肿瘤分化程度(HR=1.26,P=0.034)、TNM分期(HR=2.85,P=0.006)、有无淋巴结转移(HR-6.85,P=0.021)及肿瘤发生的年龄(HR =2.35,P＜0.001)是影响预后的独立危险因素,而HER-2的表达不是影响胃癌预后的独立危险因素(HR-1.02,P-0.071).生存分析显示,HER-2蛋白阳性表达的患者生存率与阴性表达者比较,差异无统计学意义,x2 =0.114,P=0.736.结论 胃癌组织中HER-2可呈阳性表达,检测HER-2表达对胃癌的临床治疗有一定指导意义,但它尚不能作为判断胃癌预后独立的指标.     

上皮-间充质转化相关蛋白在食管癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨上皮-间充质转化相关蛋白E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、细胞角蛋白(Cytokeratin)及波形蛋白(Vimentin)在食管癌组织中的表达水平及其临床意义。方法应用免疫组织化学方法及组织芯片技术,分别检测105例食管癌组织和11例食管正常组织中E-cadherin、Cytokeratin及Vimentin的蛋白表达水平,并分析其与患者临床参数的相关性及相互之间的差异。结果根据免疫组织化学染色评分进行分组,105例食管癌组织中,E-cadherin高表达63例,低表达42例;Cytokeratin高表达51例,低表达54例;Vimentin高表达35例,低表达70例。E-cadherin在正常组织(H-score:172.7±40.7)中的表达水平显著高于肿瘤组织(H-score:31.9±33.1)(P<0.0001);Cytokeratin在正常组织(H-score:272.7±12.0)及肿瘤组织(H-score:250.1±71.1)中的表达水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.4481)。在105例食管癌组织中,肿瘤≥3.5 cm组中的Cytokeratin表达水平显著低于肿瘤<3.5cm组(P=0.0137);Vimentin在正常组织[阳性细胞百分比(3.5±1.4)%]及肿瘤组织[阳性细胞百分比(10.2±22.7)%]的表达水平差异无统计学意义(P=0.1021)。E-cadherin高表达组中Vimentin的表达水平显著低于E-cadherin低表达组(χ2=4.464,P=0.0346)。结论上皮-间充质转化相关蛋白在食管癌发生与发展过程中表达水平的变化表明食管癌组织中存在上皮-间充质转化现象,对其进行深入研究将有助于阐明食管癌浸润及转移的分子机制。     

乳腺癌中THBS-1表达及与EMT的相关性

目的:检测血小板反应蛋白-1(thrombospondins-1,THBS-1)和EMT相关基因(Snail、E-cadherin 及Vimentin)在乳腺癌中的表达情况,探讨THBS-1表达与乳腺癌患者预后及EMT的相关.方法:应用免疫组织化学方法检测84例乳腺癌石蜡标本及32例对应癌旁组织标本中THBS-1、Snail、E-cadherin及Vimentin表达,分析THBS-1与乳腺癌患者临床病理学资料、预后及EMT的关系.结果:乳腺癌组织中THBS-1蛋白的表达率显著高于癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(P=0.003);THBS-1蛋白在乳腺癌中的表达与淋巴结转移、NPI及月经状态密切相关(P＜0.05);THBS-1高表达组的复发率(23.5％)明显高于THBS-1低表达组(4％),差异具有统计学意义(P =0.009).THBS-1高表达组的总生存率(65.8％)低于THBS-1低表达组(81.9％)(P=0.062).THBS-1表达与Snail、E-cadherin及Vimentin密切相关(P＜0.05);间质型病例组THBS-1阳率(58.8％,10/17)明显高于上皮型乳腺癌病例组(21.4％,9/42)(P=0.023),两者差异具有统计学意义.结论:在乳腺癌中THBS-1表达与肿瘤转移密切相关,可能通过诱导EMT过程促进肿瘤的侵袭转移.THBS-1可作为乳腺癌患者判断预后的预测标.     

肾透明细胞癌组织E-cadherin和β-catenin及Cyclin D1表达的研究

目的:探讨E-cadherin、β-catenin及Cyclin D1在肾透明细胞癌(RCCC)中的表达及意义.方法:用免疫组化法检测E-cadherin、β-catenin及Cyclin D1在67例RCCC组织中的表达情况,并分析其与预后的关系.结果:E-cadherin及Cyclin D1在RCCC组织中表达率分别为35.8％(24/67)和44.8％(30/67).β-catenin在RCCC组织中胞膜和胞质表达率分别为23.9％(16/67)和68.7％(46/67).E-cadherin在RCCC组织中的表达与肿瘤病理分级及临床分期相关(r=0.393,P=0.001;r=0.365,P=0.002).E-cadherin与β-catenin胞膜表达之间具有显著相关性,r=0.531,P=0.000.β-catenin在RC-CC组织中胞膜表达与肿瘤临床分期相关,r=0.386,P=0.001.Cyclin D1与β-catenin胞膜表达之间具有显著相关性,r=0.481,P=0.000.Cyclin D1在RCCC中的表达与肿瘤体积大小具有相关性,r=0.325,P=0.007.结论:E-cadherin和β-catenin蛋白低表达或异常表达与RCCC的病理分级和临床分期有关,并对RCCC预后评价有一定参考意义.     

食管鳞癌患者外周血MMP-9 mRNA表达水平及临床意义研究

[目的]探讨食管鳞癌患者外周血中基质金属蛋白酶-9 (MMP-9)基因的表达及其与临床病理资料、生存情况的关系.[方法]应用实时定量PCR技术定量检测食管癌外周血标本中MMP-9 mRNA的表达,分析MMP-9基因表达情况与患者临床病理参数及预后之间的关系.[结果]在169例食管鳞癌患者外周血标本中,有106例(62.7％)存在外周血MMP-9基因的阳性表达,与食管癌的淋巴结转移(P=0.039)、远处转移(P=0.019)和TNM分期(P=0.014)显著相关.单因素生存分析显示N分期(P=0.000)、M分期(P=0.002)、TNM分期(P=0.003)、MMP-9表达(P=0.042)对患者生存的影响有统计学意义.MMP-9基因阳性表达的食管癌患者远期生存明显低于阴性表达者.多因素分析显示N分期是食管鳞癌患者预后的独立影响因子(RR=1.671,95％CI:1.212～2.306).[结论]食管鳞癌患者外周血中MMP-9基因的高表达与食管癌转移存在关联,并可提示食管癌患者的不良预后.     

E-cadherin、β-catenin及p120在上皮性卵巢癌中的表达及临床病理意义

目的:探讨黏附复合体相关蛋白E-cadherin、β-catenin及p120在人类卵巢癌组织中的表达及其与患者临床病理特征及预后的关系.方法:采用免疫组织化学染色法检测281例卵巢癌患者肿瘤组织中E-cadherin、β-catenin及p120的表达水平,分析其与临床病理特征之间的关系,比较其在卵巢癌原发灶与转移灶之间的差异.结合患者随访资料,利用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线,Log-rank法分析E-cadherin、β-catenin或p120的表达水平与卵巢癌患者预后的关系,COX回归模型分析卵巢癌患者预后的独立预测因素.结果:β-catenin在卵巢癌原发灶与转移灶间表达水平具有统计学差异(P=0.018),卵巢癌组织中p120的表达水平与患者FIGO分期(P=0.043)、组织学类型(P＜0.001)、肿瘤分级(P ＜0.001)有关,Spearman法分析证实E-cadherin与β-catenin(P=0.005)、β-catenin与p120(P ＜0.001)、E-cadherin与p120(P ＜0.001)具有相关性,卵巢癌组织中β-catenin(P=0.008)及p120(P =0.006)低表达的患者较高表达者总生存期缩短,多因素分析发现FIGO分期、β-catenin或p120表达水平是卵巢癌患者总生存期的独立预测因素.结论:鉴于黏附复合体在卵巢癌发生、浸润及转移中均发挥了重要作用,综合评估其相关蛋白E-cadherin、β-catenin及p120的表达水平,有助于判断卵巢癌的生物学行为及预测患者的预后.     

Bacteria and cancer--antagonisms and benefits

There is considerable historical and recent evidence concerning the antagonisms between acute bacterial infections or their toxins and cancer and allied diseases. These data provide renewed incentives to undertake clinical programmes with mixed bacterial vaccines in many countries at the present time.     

Religiosity and physical and emotional functioning among African American and White colorectal and lung cancer patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Genetic polymorphisms of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases and risk for esophageal and head and neck cancers

Alcoholic beverages are causally related to cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx and esophagus. Ethanol is oxidized to acetaldehyde and then to acetate by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), both of which have genetic polymorphisms. A review of case-control studies of the effects of ALDH2, ADH2 and ADH3 genotypes shows consistently positive associations between inactive heterozygous ALDH2 and the less-active ADH2 genotypes and the risk for esophageal cancer in East Asian heavy drinkers and this enzyme-related vulnerability may extend to light-to-moderate drinkers. Some studies suggest similar associations with the risk for head and neck cancer in moderate-to-heavy-drinking Japanese. An established carcinogen in experimental animals, acetaldehyde can interact with human DNA. ALDH2-associated cancer susceptibility fits into a scenario in which acetaldehyde plays a critical role in the development of human cancer. Alcohol flushing and drinking behavior may partly explain this carcinogenic effect in carriers of less-active ADH2 genotypes. Whether the ADH3 genotype influences head and neck cancer risk in Western nations is controversial. Professional and public education about risky conditions connected to the ALDH2 and ADH2 genotypes and environmental factors is important in a new strategic approach to the prevention of alcohol-related cancers in East Asians. The use of simple tests to identify inactive ALDH2 on the basis of alcohol flushing responses could benefit many people, by helping them to identify their own cancer risks. Such testing could also help clinicians diagnose esophageal cancer earlier, through the use of endoscopic screening in the high-risk population.     

Religiosity and Physical and Emotional Functioning Among African American and White Colorectal and Lung Cancer Patients

The literature suggests that religiosity helps cope with illness. The present study examined the role of religiosity in functioning among African Americans and Whites with a cancer diagnosis. Patients were recruited from an existing study and mailed a religiosity survey. Participants (N = 269; 36% African American, 56% women) completed the mail survey, and interview data from the larger cohort was utilized in the analysis. Multivariate analyses indicated that in the overall sample religious behaviors were marginally and positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Among women, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and negatively with depressive symptoms. Religiosity was not a predictor of study outcomes for men. Among African Americans, religious behaviors were positively associated with mental health and vitality. Among Whites, religious behaviors were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest a mixed role of religious involvement in cancer outcomes. The current findings may have applied potential in the areas of emotional functioning and depression.     

Renal irradiation and the pharmacology and toxicity of methotrexate and cisplatinum

We used a rat model to study the effects of renal irradiation on the pharmacology of methotrexate (MTX) and cisplatinum (cis-Pt). Unanesthetized rats were given bilateral kidney irradiation (20 Gy in 9 fractions). At 9 months after irradiation, 3% of the animals had died and survivors showed moderately impaired renal function. At 15 months, 30% of the animals had died and survivors showed severely impaired renal function. Some animals were given i.v. MTX 1 week to 15 months after irradiation. In irradiated rats, the area under the MTX plasma clearance curve equaled that of controls through 6 months, and was significantly above controls from 9 months on. Other animals were given i.p. cis-Pt 1 week to 9 months after irradiation. The acute toxicity of cis-Pt was the same in control and irradiated rats when cis-Pt was given immediately before or after irradiation. Beginning 3 months after irradiation there was a progressive increase in cis-Pt toxicity and a simultaneous decrease in urinary platinum excretion. Irradiated animals that survived cis-Pt treatment showed increased radiation nephritis; the greatest effect occurred when cis-Pt was given 3 months or more after irradiation. MTX and cis-Pt clearance decreased when renal dysfunction was first observed and changes in renal function preceded changes in drug clearance and toxicity.