皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人的护理

[目的]总结皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人的护理措施.[方法]回顾性分析21例瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人行皮肤软组织扩张器修复治疗的临床资料.[结果]本组病人Ⅰ期术后扩张器外露1例,Ⅱ期术后皮瓣尖端坏死1例;扩张后头皮均一次性修复秃发区成功,扩张区头皮弹性良好,质地良好,病人满意;并发症发生率为9.52%.[结论]加强皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人护理是皮瓣移植成功的重要保证.     

应用软组织扩张技术修复瘢痕性秃发

目的探讨软组织扩张器在治疗外伤性秃发的应用。方法2000年10月至2006年9月应用软组织扩张技术,扩张有头发的头皮区,切除瘢痕性秃发区,以滑动平行推进或旋转皮瓣方式转移修复秃发区15例。结果15例患者均能修复瘢痕性秃发区,毛发生长起来后与正常毛发无明显差别。结论用软组织扩张器扩张头皮,是修复瘢痕性秃发的有效方法。     

皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人的护理

[目的]总结皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人的护理措施。[方法]回顾性分析21例瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人行皮肤软组织扩张器修复治疗的临床资料。[结果]本组病人Ⅰ期术后扩张器外露1例,Ⅱ期术后皮瓣尖端坏死1例;扩张后头皮均一次性修复秃发区成功,扩张区头皮弹性良好,质地良好,病人满意;并发症发生率为9.52%。[结论]加强皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发或头皮缺损病人护理是皮瓣移植成功的重要保证。     

皮肤软组织扩张术在头部的应用

1引言皮肤软组织扩张术(skinsofttissueexpansion)是一种理想的创面修复方法,通过增加置入皮下的扩张器的容量,扩展表皮并促进组织细胞增生产生“额外”的皮肤,其质地、颜色、厚度、感觉与原处相似,可用于修复皮肤软组织缺损或进行器官再造,临床上已被广泛应用于烧伤、创伤、肿瘤切除后皮肤缺损的修复重建。头部皮肤是应用较多的部位之一,现就皮肤软组织扩张术在头部的应用作一综述。2适应证2.1瘢痕性秃发通过扩张残留的毛发茂盛区的头皮结合皮瓣转移术治疗大面积瘢痕性秃发,可显著减少并发症的发生犤1犦。对于面积较小的瘢痕性秃发,应用皮…     

58例头皮扩张法治疗瘢痕性秃发的护理

目的:探讨用头皮扩张法治疗瘢痕性秃发的护理措施。方法:对58例瘢痕性秃发患者Ⅰ期行扩张器置入术,注水扩张2～3个月后行Ⅱ期瘢痕切除皮瓣转移修复头皮缺损区。结果:57例患者头皮创面愈合良好,与正常头皮处毛发分布相似,1例患者因扩张器漏水,需重新放置扩张器。结论:术前做好患者心理护理,术后做好扩张囊内注水的护理、引流管的护理、切口护理和并发症的观察及护理等至关重要。     

选择性头皮扩张并应用头皮扩张皮瓣修复瘢痕性秃发

目的总结根据毛发生长方向选择性头皮扩张并应用此扩张皮瓣修复瘢痕性秃发的方法。方法:收集我科2011年7月至2014年7月就诊于我科并入院手术治疗的瘢痕性秃发病例11例,应用选择性头皮扩张并应用头皮扩张皮瓣修复瘢痕性秃发。结果 11例患者头皮瘢痕性秃发,经过本文方法治疗后,全部取得满意效果,毛发生长方向与生理性毛发生长方向相似。结论应用选择性头皮扩张并应用头皮扩张皮瓣修复瘢痕性秃发能够取得良好的毛发生长方向,为患者术后整理毛发带来方便,改善并提高手术效果。     

硅胶囊软组织扩张器治疗疤痕性秃发的护理

应用硅胶囊软组织扩张器(以下简称扩张器)治疗疤痕性秃发是我科自1990年开展的一项新业务。疤痕性秃发多见于头皮烧伤,其次是创面感染或因手术切除等原因造成。常用手术方法有疤痕切除缝合,局部头皮瓣转移,吻合血管的游离头皮瓣移植,及头皮环钻簇植等。但当秃发面积过大时,以上方法即难以适用,且以上手术方法或是创伤大,出血多,或是术后毛发生长稀疏,难如人意。1976年国外首先报告临床应用硅胶软组织扩张器成功,其后此法广泛应用于身体各部位组织缺损,特别是头皮缺损的修复。我科自1990～1995年共收治疤痕性秃发及其它病损13例,经应用扩张器治疗随访1/2～2年,效果良好。应用扩张器使头皮扩张能提供“额外”正常头皮,可修复的秃发面积大,高达头皮面积1/2者亦可一次性修复,又不产生新的供区痕迹,且手术操作简易,创伤小,效果好。     

皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发42例

目的通过皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性秃发,研究其治疗效果与治疗后患者满意度是否提高。方法选取近些年住院接受治疗的瘢痕性秃发患者42例进行皮肤软组织扩张手术治疗,通过检查后对其进行两期的扩张手术治疗,Ⅰ期治疗主要根据患者不同秃发面积与不同部位设计扩张器与确定数量,并估计患者扩张器注水量多少,最后应对Ⅱ期手术中的皮瓣转移进行拟定。在患者接受扩张置入后2~3周可以考虑取出扩张器进行皮瓣移植,完善后期治疗。结果 42例患者均在入院后顺利结束治疗,治疗周期完满,患者无发生明显的并发症,且42例患者均清除秃发斑痕,在0.5~5年的回访调查中,患者均长出头发,仅有少部分患者毛发稀疏,患者满意度较高。结论修复患者瘢痕性秃发可以采取皮肤软组织扩张器进行治疗,且效果好,患者满意度高,在美容诊疗方面具有极高的临床价值,值得推广与应用。     

瘢痕性秃发的皮瓣修复

【目的】探讨瘢痕性秃发的皮瓣修复方法。【方法】1998年2月至2008年7月收治由外伤、烧伤、溃疡、疖肿等所致的瘢痕性秃发患者37例，其中2例行分次切除缝合，4例行秃发区切除＋局部头皮瓣转移修复，31例行头皮扩张术修复。修复瘢痕性秃发最大面积22．3cm×25．8cm。【结果】除1例扩张头皮瓣部分坏死，行二期头皮扩张，扩张头皮瓣转移修复。其余皮瓣均完全成活，术后随访2年，效果满意。【结论】头皮扩张，扩张头皮瓣转移是修复瘢痕性秃发的一种有效方法。     

皮肤软组织扩张术治疗瘢痕性脱发46例分析

目的：回顾皮肤软组织扩张器治疗瘢痕性脱发的临床应用和评价。方法：应用头皮软组织扩张术治疗瘢痕性脱发46例，对于术后的并发症和治疗效果进行讨论和分析。结果：本组35例中央型瘢痕性脱发完全修复，边缘型脱发5例完全修复，6例修复平均达85％以上；其中2例扩张后期部分扩张器外露；1例发生感染，经抗生素冲洗及对症处理后治愈；1例患者自行扩张过程中皮瓣部分坏死。结论：皮肤软组织扩张术治疗瘢痕性脱发效果可靠，使用灵活，修复的发区外形满意。     

Use of crystepin in combination with obsidan in patients with diabetes mellitus with arterial hypertension

Examination included 70 patients with diabetes mellitus in combination with arterial hypertension of different origin (II stage essential hypertension and symptomatic renal arterial hypertension). Crystepin (2-3 tablets per 24 h) in combination with beta-adrenoblocker obsidan (40-80 mg/24 h) was used for treatment. Basic hemodynamic parameters and the state of the renin-aldosterone system were determined. The hemodynamic hypotensive effects in these patients due to the influence of the above therapy are uniform and depend on the form of attendant arterial hypertension. The hypotensive effect of crystepin used in combination with obsidan was more pronounced in patients with diabetes and II stage essential hypertension than that in those with diabetes and renal hypertension. The concentration of aldosterone and renin activity of blood plasma in patients with diabetes and arterial hypertension during treatment with crystepin and obsidan had no regular connection with the hemodynamic parameters.     

硝酸甘油联合托拉塞米在高血压危象并发急性肺水肿患者的应用

目的研究硝酸甘油联合托拉塞米治疗高血压危象合并急性肺水肿的效果。方法选取我院收治的高血压危象合并急性肺水肿患者80例作为研究对象。随机分为对照组40例,采用托拉塞米治疗;试验组40例,采用硝酸甘油联合托拉塞米治疗。比较两组患者治疗效果、临床指标改善程度及并发症发生率。结果治疗后对照组患者血压、呼吸频率及氧分压改善程度均低于试验组,且治疗有效率(77.5%)低于试验组(92.5%),差异显著(P0.05);对照组患者并发症发生率(20.0%)高于试验组(7.5%),差异显著(P0.05)。结论采用硝酸甘油联合托拉塞米在治疗高血压危象合并急性肺水肿安全性高,可减少并发症,改善治疗效果,提高患者生活质量。     

Satisfaction with upper-extremity surgery in individuals with tetraplegia

OBJECTIVE: To measure the satisfaction of individuals with tetraplegia with their upper-extremity reconstructive surgery. DESIGN: Survey. SETTING: Two Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems centers. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-seven individuals with spinal cord injury at the C4 through C8 motor level (107 arms). INTERVENTIONS: Participants had upper-extremity surgery to improve function. The surgical procedures included tendon transfers for elbow extension, wrist extension, hand grasp, and pinch or hand grasp neuroprosthesis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: A survey was mailed to participants, who were asked to respond to statements such as, "If I had it to do over, I would have the hand/arm surgery again," using a 5-level Likert scale (ranging from strongly agree to strongly disagree). RESULTS: Seventy percent of the participants were generally satisfied with the results of their upper-extremity surgery, 77% reported a positive impact on their lives, 68% reported improvements in activities of daily living (ADLs), 66% reported improved independence, 69% reported improvement in occupation, 71% reported improved appearance or neutral, 78% reported their hand worked as well (or neutral) as it did when surgery was first performed, and 86% reported postoperative therapy as being beneficial. CONCLUSIONS: Upper-extremity surgery had a positive impact on life, increased ability to perform ADLs and to be independent, and improved quality of life.     

Observations with Rabenid in patients with locomotor disease

By examining 139 patients suffering from locomotor diseases the author could observe the characteristic accompanying diseases as well as high uric acid level in 40 cases. She analyses the current opinions on hyperuricaemia and reports on her observations with uricosuric and antithrombotic coated Rabenid tablet (RG). She found sulfinpyrazone to be effective and valuable in the examined indication field.     

休克状态下PSVT多种药物转复成功1例

1 临床资料 患者女，77岁，主因心慌、乏力、大汗六小时就诊。查体，急性面容，血压波动在70～86/37～54mmHg；心率：160次/分；呼吸：26次/分；口唇紫绀，双肺呼吸音清；心率齐，心电图示阵发性室上心动过度，无预激综合症和房颤；血生化示电解质正常。     

Changes in myocardial function in patients with hypertension during treatment with minipress

Altogether 33 patients with arterial hypertension were investigated to study changes of left ventricular systolic phasic analysis, caused by prazosin therapy. Two groups were identified on the basis of these changes: indices in the 1st group (intrasystolic index, myocardial tension index, Blumberger coefficient) improved, in the 2nd group they deteriorated. The antihypertensive effect of prazosin should be assessed not only by the level of BP reduction but also by changes of left ventricular systolic phasic analysis. In the deterioration of indices of left ventricular systolic phasic analysis during a test with single administration of prazosin, antihypertensive therapy should be reconsidered.