骨化三醇对人宫颈癌SiHa细胞维生素D受体及S期激酶相关蛋白的影响

目的：检测骨化三醇对人宫颈癌SiHa细胞维生素D受体（VDR）及S期激酶相关蛋白2（Skp2）表达的影响,探讨其抗癌机制。方法：选用人宫颈癌SiHa细胞进行体外培养。CCK-8法测定骨化三醇对细胞生长抑制率的影响;流式细胞仪进行细胞周期分析;Western blot法检测VDR及Skp2表达的变化。结果：（5×10^-8～10^-6）mol／L骨化三醇作用于SiHa细胞1～4天,细胞生长增殖均受到显著抑制;且随着作用浓度增加,细胞增殖能力逐渐下降。10^-7mol／L骨化三醇作用于SiHa细胞后,G0／G1期细胞比例增加,S、G2／M期细胞比例降低,细胞增殖指数（PI）降低（P〈0.05）;VDR蛋白表达增加（P〈0.05）,Skp2蛋白表达显著减少（P〈0.01）。结论：骨化三醇对人宫颈癌SiHa细胞的增殖具有显著的抑制作用,其机制可能是通过上调VDR的表达,参与Skp2基因转录的调控,降低Skp2表达。     

丙戊酸钠协同顺铂对HO8910细胞杀伤作用机制研究

目的:探讨丙戊酸钠(VPA)协同顺铂(DDP)对人卵巢癌HO8910细胞的杀伤作用及机制。方法:以1μg/m l DDP联合3mmol/L VPA处理细胞,MTT法检测细胞生长抑制率;光镜下观察药物作用下各组细胞形态学的改变;流式细胞术检测细胞周期阻滞情况;RT-PCR法检测p53、p21 mRNA水平表达的改变;W estern blot法检测Ac-H3、p53、p21、Cyclin D1蛋白水平表达的改变。结果:(1)VPA能明显抑制HO8910细胞生长,且呈剂量和时间依赖性,VPA+DDP处理组抑制率高于DDP处理组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);(2)光镜下观察细胞形态,可见VPA处理组细胞体积缩小呈长梭型,胞膜皱缩,贴壁不良,VPA+DDP组改变更明显;(3)VPA阻滞卵巢癌HO8910细胞周期于G0/G1期,VPA+DDP组S期细胞明显减少;(4)VPA及VPA联合DDP均能够明显提高卵巢癌HO8910细胞组蛋白H3的乙酰化水平,上调p53、p21 mRNA及蛋白表达水平,降低CyclinD1蛋白的表达水平,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:VPA能够协同DDP杀伤卵巢癌细胞HO8910;其作用机制可能与VPA提高组蛋白乙酰化水平,上调p53、p21基因表达和下调Cyclin D1表达,引发细胞周期阻滞有关。     

HeLa和SiHa细胞中Skp2、p27和C-myc的表达

目的:检测S期激酶相关蛋白2(Skp2)、C-myc、p27在宫颈癌HeLa及SiHa细胞系中的表达,明确这些指标在宫颈癌细胞系表达的意义。方法:通过细胞免疫组化、Westernblot、RT-PCR技术分析Skp2、p27和C-myc在蛋白和mRNA水平表达的差异。结果:免疫组化显示:He-La细胞中Skp2和C-myc表达强度高于SiHa细胞(P=0.032和P=0.026),而HeLa细胞中p27蛋白表达弱于SiHa细胞(P=0.035)。Westernblot显示:在HeLa细胞中Skp2和C-myc蛋白表达分别是SiHa细胞表达量的2.8倍和1.5倍;而SiHa细胞中的p27蛋白的表达水平是HeLa细胞中表达的2.7倍。RT-PCR结果显示:HeLa细胞中内源Skp2和C-myc的mRNA表达水平高于SiHa细胞(P=0.034和P=0.028),而SiHa细胞中的p27的mRNA表达水平高于HeLa细胞的表达水平(P=0.002)。结论:Skp2及C-myc在HeLa细胞中的表达水平高于SiHa细胞中的表达水平,而p27在HeLa细胞中的表达水平低于SiHa细胞中的表达水平。     

顺铂联合紫花牡荆素抑制人卵巢癌细胞增殖的研究

目的:探讨顺铂(DDP)是否具有敏化紫花牡荆素(CAS)抑制体外培养人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞生长增殖的作用。方法:体外培养SKOV3细胞;用MTT和平皿克隆法检测顺铂、CAS在亚细胞毒性浓度下,以及两者联合对SKOV3细胞生长增殖的影响;用FCM检测CAS对SKOV3细胞周期的影响;Western blot分析p21和cyclin B1蛋白表达的变化。结果:顺铂具有敏化CAS抑制人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞增殖活性的作用;与亚细胞毒性浓度的顺铂和CAS相比,顺铂和CAS联合作用SKOV3细胞集落形成率明显下降(P<0.01);经亚细胞毒性浓度的顺铂和CAS联合作用48h后SKOV3被阻滞于G2/M期,同时cyclin B1蛋白表达降低,p21蛋白表达增高。结论:顺铂具有敏化CAS抑制体外培养人卵巢癌SKOV3细胞生长增殖的作用,其机制可能是通过降低cyclin B1表达、活化p21实现的。     

微小RNA-3619-5p通过靶向作用于p21基因对卵巢癌细胞生长的影响

目的:探讨微小RNA-3619-5p(miR-3619-5p)过表达对卵巢癌细胞系A2780和SKOV3中p21基因的上调作用及对卵巢癌细胞生长的影响。方法:使用Lipofectamine 3000分别向卵巢癌细胞系A2780和SKOV3瞬时转染miR-3619-5p(实验组)或者dsControl(对照组)。通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(q RT-PCR)检测p21、细胞周期依赖性激酶4(CDK4)和细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)mRNA的表达情况。蛋白质印迹(Western blotting)检测p21、CDK4和Cyclin D1蛋白的表达情况。流式细胞术检测对照组和实验组细胞周期分布差异和细胞凋亡情况。EdU增殖实验和集落形成实验检测细胞增殖能力。结果:与对照组相比,转染miR-3619-5p后2种细胞系中p21 mRNA均显著升高(P0.01),而CDK4和Cyclin D1 mRNA的表达均明显降低(P0.01)。Western blotting实验结果与qRT-PCR结果一致。与对照组相比,转染miR-3619-5p后,位于S期和G_2/M期的细胞比例明显下降,位于G_0/G_1期的细胞比例明显增大,细胞凋亡率明显升高。EdU增殖实验和集落形成实验均显示,与对照组相比,转染miR-3619-5p的卵巢癌细胞的增殖能力明显下降(P0.05)。结论:miR-3619-5p可通过激活卵巢癌细胞中p21蛋白的表达抑制卵巢癌细胞的生长。     

LHRH拮抗剂Cetrorelix对子宫内膜癌细胞生长周期的影响及其机理

目的 :研究LHRH拮抗剂Cetrorelix对子宫内膜癌细胞生长周期及周期相关蛋白的影响 ,探讨其抑制内膜癌细胞生长的机理。方法 :用流式细胞仪细胞周期分析及Westernblotting蛋白分析法 ,研究在Cetrorelix的作用下子宫内膜癌细胞系HEC 1A细胞生长周期及相关周期蛋白的改变。结果 :1 0 -5mol/LCetrorelix可导致HEC 1A细胞生长停滞于G2 /M期 ,而与G2 /M期停滞相关的p5 3 ,磷酸化p5 3 (phospho p5 3 ) (丝氨酸 3 92 )及磷酸化cdc2 (phospho cdc2 ) (酪氨酸 1 5 )蛋白水平均显著增高。结论 :Cetrorelix抑制内膜癌细胞增殖作用的机理是结合细胞表面受体后引起一系列抑制性信号传递 ,导致细胞周期停滞于G2 /M期 ,主要表现为G2 期停滞。其中p5 3激活及cdc2磷酸化失活是引起细胞周期停滞的重要因素     

三苯氧胺对人子宫内膜癌细胞系Ishikawa细胞增殖的影响

目的:探讨三苯氧胺(TAM)在体外对Ishikawa人子宫内膜癌细胞株增殖的影响及其作用机制。方法:采用MTT法观察不同浓度TAM作用不同时间对Ishikawa细胞增殖的影响,另应用MTT法、流式细胞术、免疫细胞化学方法观察比较TAM、17β-雌二醇(17β-E2)及两者联合作用不同时间后对Ishikawa细胞增殖率,细胞周期时相分布以及C-myc、bcl-2、Bax 3种蛋白表达的影响。结果:TAM对Ishikawa细胞的促增殖作用在一定剂量范围内有浓度依赖性,可使G0/G1期细胞比例下降,S期细胞比例升高;C-myc、bcl-2蛋白表达增加,Bax蛋白表达下降。结论:体外TAM可能通过调节细胞周期时相分布及上调C-myc蛋白、bcl-2蛋白,下调Bax蛋白表达,促进Ishikawa人子宫内膜癌细胞增殖。     

VEGF-C对宫颈癌细胞增殖和凋亡信号传导通路的影响

目的:研究VEGF-C对体外培养的宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖和凋亡的影响;研究VEGF-C受体KDR、信号通路PI3K、MAPK在VEGF-C对宫颈癌增殖和凋亡调控中的作用。方法:应用重组人VEGF-C蛋白体外刺激宫颈癌HeLa细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖,流式细胞仪检测细胞周期和凋亡,Western blot检测增殖与凋亡相关基因Bcl-2、CyclinD1蛋白表达;应用KDR-Ab、信号通路PI3K抑制剂LY294002、信号通路MAPK抑制剂PD98059预处理HeLa细胞,再进行VEGF-C刺激,观察上述指标的变化。结果:重组VEGF-C(50ng/μl)刺激HeLa细胞后增殖指数增加(2.13 vs 1),细胞周期S期比率增多[(64.26±0.20)%vs(30.91±0.09)%,P<0.05],细胞凋亡率降低(3.29±0.35 vs 7.44±0.55,P<0.05);Bcl-2、Cyclin D1表达增加(P<0.05)。KDR-Ab、LY294002预处理后与VEGF-C组相比增殖指数降低,细胞周期S期比率下降,凋亡指数升高,Bcl-2、Cyclin D1表达降低。PD98059预处理后,与VEGF-C组相比增殖指数降低、细胞周期S期比率下降、Bcl-2、Cyclin D1表达降低,但对VEGF-C诱导的凋亡无明显影响。结论:外源性VEGF-C作用于肿瘤细胞自身的KDR受体,激活细胞内信号传导通路MAPK途径和(或)PI3K途径诱导Cyclin D1表达,使肿瘤细胞S期加快,促进细胞周期的进程,进而促进He-La细胞增殖;通过PI3K途径诱导Bcl-2表达,抑制凋亡。     

溶血磷脂酸抑制顺铂诱导卵巢癌细胞凋亡机制的研究

目的:探讨溶血磷脂酸(LPA)抑制顺铂(DDP)诱导卵巢癌细胞凋亡的机制。方法:体外培养人卵巢上皮癌细胞株SKOV3,选用促分裂素原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号传导通路特异性阻断剂PD98059,应用四甲基偶氮唑蓝(MTT)比色法测定DDP、DDP+LPA和DDP+LPA+PD98059对SKOV3细胞增殖活性的影响;应用Ho-echst33258荧光染色观察凋亡细胞;应用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-PCR)测定单用LPA或合用PD98059对SKOV3细胞环氧化酶-2(COX-2)表达的影响;应用流式细胞仪(FCM)测定细胞凋亡及细胞周期的变化。结果:LPA对DPP抑制卵巢癌细胞增殖有拮抗作用,且增加S期细胞比率;联合应用PD98059后,卵巢癌细胞生长受抑制,S期比率降低,而凋亡小体产生增多。RT-PCR结果显示,LPA能促进COX-2表达(P<0.05),而合用PD98059后COX-2表达降低(P<0.05)。结论:LPA通过MAPK信号传导通路抑制顺铂诱导的卵巢癌细胞凋亡,且与COX-2表达有关。     

丙基戊酸钠对宫颈癌细胞HeLa增殖的影响机制

目的:探讨组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂(histone deacetylase inhibitor,HDACI)丙基戊酸钠(sodium valproate,VPA)影响宫颈癌细胞HeLa增殖的机制。方法:用MTT法检测不同浓度VPA对HeLa细胞增殖的影响;倒置相差显微镜观察药物作用后细胞形态的变化;流式细胞仪(FCM)分析不同浓度VPA对HeLa细胞凋亡及细胞周期的影响;Western blot观察不同浓度VPA处理后caspase-3、bcl-2蛋白的表达变化。结果:VPA能明显抑制HeLa细胞的增殖,并呈时间和剂量依赖关系;经4mmol/L VPA处理48h后,HeLa细胞缩小变形成长梭状、胞膜皱缩、贴壁不良;VPA诱导HeLa凋亡、阻滞细胞于G2/M期,同时抑制细胞增殖;随浓度增加,VPA能明显增加caspase-3蛋白表达,并可见到蛋白裂解产物,表明VPA可以促进caspase-3活化,但下调bcl-2蛋白的表达。结论:VPA有抗宫颈癌作用,其重要作用机制之一是诱导HeLa细胞凋亡、直接抑制细胞增殖,有望成为新的抗宫颈癌药物。     

Curcumin down-regulates Ets-1 and Bcl-2 expression in human endometrial carcinoma HEC-1-A cells

OBJECTIVE: Curcumin has been demonstrated to have an anti-tumor activity but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully uncovered. The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of curcumin on the expression of the proto-oncogene Ets-1 and the anti-apoptotic molecule Bcl-2 in human endometrial adenocarcinoma HEC-1-A cells. METHODS: Confluent HEC-1-A cells were treated with curcumin at various doses for 16 h or at 60 microM for various time points. At the end of the designated treatments, changes in cell morphology, DNA fragmentation and protein contents of Ets-1 and Bcl-2 were determined, respectively, by light microscopy, DNA laddering assay and Western blot analysis. As an initial step towards understanding whether Ets-1 was a possible up-stream regulator of Bcl-2 expression in HEC-1-A cells and if so, whether curcumin could attenuate the Ets-1-induced up-regulation of Bcl-2 expression, cells were transiently transfected with an Ets-1/GFP (Green Fluorescence Protein) fusion construct and the transfectants were treated with 60 microM curcumin for 16 h, followed by whole cell lysate preparation for Western blot analysis of Bcl-2 protein contents. RESULTS: Curcumin induced apoptosis-like morphological changes and DNA degradation and decreased basal levels of Ets-1 and Bcl-2 protein contents in HEC-1-A cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Overexpression of Ets-1 in the cell resulted in an increase in Bcl-2 protein contents and that increase was attenuated by curcumin treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Curcumin down-regulates Ets-1 and Bcl-2 expression and induces apoptosis in HEC-1-A cells, suggesting a novel molecular mechanism for the anti-tumor activity of curcumin.     

Clinical significance of p27 and Skp2 protein expression in uterine cervical neoplasm.

The loss of p27 indicates a poor prognosis in various solid tumors, and a decrease in p27 level is the result of increased degradation by Skp2. We evaluated the relationship of p27 and Skp2 protein expression to various clinicopathologic factors in 332 cases of untreated uterine cervical neoplasm using tissue microarray method. After immunohistochemical staining, 313 and 300 tumor samples were retrieved for interpretation for p27 and Skp2, respectively. High p27 protein expression (nuclear staining in more than 30% of the tumor cells) was seen in 39.9% (125/313 cases), including 32 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) III (55.2%), 58 microinvasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (56.9%), 21 invasive SCC (17.1%), 11 adenocarcinoma (55.0%), and 3 cases of other tumors (30.0%). High Skp2 protein expression was noted in 28.3% (85/300 cases), including 14 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III (25.0%), 18 microinvasive SCC (18.75%), 45 invasive SCC (37.8%), 6 adenocarcinoma (30.0%), and 2 cases of other tumors (22.2%). Low p27 protein expression was correlated with large tumor size (P < 0.005), depth of invasion in squamous lesion (P < 0.0005), high stage (P < 0.0005), and poor survival (P < 0.005). High Skp2 protein expression was correlated with large tumor size (P < 0.05), depth of invasion in squamous lesion (P < 0.05), and high stage (P < 0.005), but not with patient survival. There was no significant correlation between p27 and Skp2 protein expression. Only tumor stage had prognostic significance in the multivariate analysis (P = 0.041). Patients with low p27 protein expression had worse prognosis, indicating that p27 may participate in the progression of cervical squamous cell lesions.     

Skp2和p27在宫颈癌组织的表达及临床意义

目的:探讨Skp2、p27在宫颈癌的表达、两者的相关性,以及与临床病理因素和预后的关系。方法:用免疫组化SP法检测65例宫颈鳞状细胞癌(SCC),20例高级别宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)中Skp2、p27的表达,以60例正常宫颈组织(NCT)为对照。结果:(1)Skp2在SCC组的阳性表达率为55.4%,明显高于高级别CIN组的25.0%(P0.05)及NCT组的6.7%(P0.01);(2)p27在SCC组的阳性表达率为52.3%,明显低于高级别CIN组的85.0%(P0.01)及NCT组的98.3%(P0.01);(3)半定量分析表明SCC中Skp2、p27表达与年龄、肿瘤大小、临床分期无明显关系(P0.05),而与肿瘤的病理分级、浸润深度、脉管浸润、淋巴结转移密切相关(P0.05);(4)宫颈癌中Skp2阳性表达组的5年生存率(52.78%)明显低于Skp2阴性组(68.93%),Kaplan-Meier生存率分析,Log-rank=8.60,P=0.0034。而p27阳性表达组的5年生存率(70.59%)明显高于阴性表达组(58.38%),Log-rank=8.33,P=0.0039;经Spearman等级相关分析表明,宫颈癌中Skp2和p27的表达呈显著负相关,相关系数r=-0.311,P=0.015。结论:Skp2表达增强与宫颈癌的发生、发展密切相关,其表达水平越高提示患者预后越差;p27的表达正相反,并且两者的表达呈负相关。联合检测Skp2和p27的表达对判断宫颈癌的恶性潜能和预后具有重要的参考价值;两者可作为宫颈癌的预后指标,为宫颈癌的治疗提供新的靶点。     

17β-雌二醇对人子宫内膜癌细胞的增殖及P21ras和p-Erk表达的研究

目的:探讨17β-雌二醇(E2)对人子宫内膜腺癌雌激素受体(ER)阳性的Ishikawa和ER阴性的HEC-1A细胞增殖,细胞周期及其对丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)通路相关蛋白P21ras和p-Erk表达的影响及意义。方法:用MTT法,流式细胞技术检测不同浓度E2作用Ishikawa和HEC-1A细胞不同时间的细胞吸光度值及细胞周期,用免疫细胞化学法检测上述细胞中P21ras和p-Erk的表达。结果:随E2浓度增加,Ishikawa细胞吸光度值上升并呈时间依赖性(P<0.01),G0～G1期比例下降(P<0.01),S期比例升高(P<0.01);HEC-1A细胞吸光度值及细胞周期无明显变化(P>0.05);10-6mol/LE2作用于Ishikawa细胞30min时,P21ras和p-Erk活化表达最强,作用于HEC-1A细胞15min时,P21ras和p-Erk即有明显表达而且达高峰,随着E2浓度增加两种细胞中P21ras和p-Erk表达均逐渐增加,呈浓度依赖性。结论:E2可促进子宫内膜癌Ishikawa细胞的增殖和周期进展,而且可以促进Ishikawa和HEC-1A中P21ras和p-Erk表达增加。     

Receptors for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in gynecologic neoplasms.

To determine if gynecologic malignancies are candidates for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) therapy we measured vitamin D receptor (VDR) levels in 11 tumor specimens using a radiolabeled ligand-binding assay. VDR was demonstrated in 3 of 6 ovarian tumors and 1 of 1 uterine sarcomas, but not in endometrial tumors (2), cervical tumors (1), or Krukenberg tumors (1). Scatchard plots revealed that [3H]1,25(OH)2D3 was bound to a single class of high-affinity (Kd = 0.3 to 0.6 nM), saturable sites characteristic of authentic 1,25(OH)2D3 receptors. Specificity of binding activity for 1,25(OH)2D3, the active vitamin D3 metabolite, was demonstrated by failure of 25-hydroxy- and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 to compete effectively against 1,25(OH)2D3 binding in total cellular tumor extracts. The ovarian carcinoma cell line NIH:OVCAR3 was shown to possess VDR (binding capacity = 137 fmol/mg protein, Kd = 0.48 nM). A 3-day incubation of NIH:OVCAR3 cells with 100 nM 1,25(OH)2D3 resulted in 49% inhibition of cell growth. The growth inhibition of an ovarian carcinoma line and the observation that 36% of gynecologic tumors assayed were shown to be VDR-positive suggest that further study is warranted to delineate the mechanism and possible therapeutic aspects of 1,25(OH)2D3 action in gynecologic tumors.     

MicroRNA-155 inhibits proliferation and migration of human extravillous trophoblast derived HTR-8/SVneo cells via down-regulating cyclin D1

MiR-155 is known to participate in various cellular processes by targeting gene expression. We previously revealed a link between miR-155 and perturbation of trophoblast invasion and differentiation. This study aimed to investigate the target molecule(s) of miR-155 on the influence on the proliferation and migration of trophoblast cells. Bioinformatics analysis showed that, at the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of cyclin D1, six bases are complementary to the seed region of miR-155. Luciferase assays and cyclin D1 3'UTR transfection assays validated that cyclin D1 3'UTR was the target of miR-155 in HTR-8/SVneo cells. Overexpression of miR-155 in HTR-8/SVneo cells reduced the level of cyclin D1 protein, decreased cell proliferation and invasion, and increased cell number at the G1 stage. Furthermore, the increased expression of miR-155 also regulated the protein levels of kinase inhibitory protein p27 and phosphorylated cytoskeletal protein filamin A. In conclusion, we found that cyclin D1 may be a target of miR-155 in HTR-8/SVneo cells, and demonstrated a negative regulatory role of miR-155 involved in cyclin D1/p27 pathway in proliferation and migration of the cells.     

雌激素受体相关受体α过度表达对雌激素受体阴性的子宫内膜癌细胞增殖的影响

目的探讨雌激素受体相关受体α（ERRα）在雌激素受体（ER）阴性及阳性的子宫内膜癌细胞中的作用。方法 将真核表达质粒pSG—ERRα（0．5、1．0、1．5、2．5μg）瞬时转染子宫内膜癌细胞株HEC-1A（ER阴性）、HEC-1B（ER阴性）、Ishikawa（ER阳性）,采用定量RT-PCR技术和蛋白印迹法（westernblot）检测ERRα mRNA和蛋白的表达情况;采用流式细胞仪分析细胞周期,并计数细胞的增殖情况。结果 转染pSG—ERRα质粒后,HEC-1A、HEC-1B、Ishikawa细胞在mRNA和蛋白水平均能检测到ERRet的表达增加。HEC-1B、HEC-1A、Ishikawa细胞未转染时ERRα mRNA的表达水平分别为2104．2、2870．6、1476．8copies／ng,转染后3者ERRα mRNA的表达水平分别为9835．3、9644．4、8008．6copies／ng,分别与各自未转染的细胞比较,差异均有统计学意义（P值分别为0．004、0．002、0．002）。HEC-1A、HEC-1B、Ishikawa细胞未转染时ERRα蛋白的表达水平分别为0．823、0．192、0．673,转染后3者ERRα蛋白的表达水平分别为1．128、1．104、1．008,分别与各自未转染的细胞比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。随着转染pSG—ERRα质粒质量的增加,HEC-1A、HEC-1B细胞的S期和G2／M期细胞比例明显上升（P〈0．01）。HEC-1B、HEC-1A细胞转染0．5、1．0μg pSG-ERRα质粒后,细胞在转染后24—96h间生长速度显著加快（P〈0．05）。结论ERRα过度表达是ER阴性的子宫内膜癌细胞株HEC-1A、HEC-1B的一种细胞增殖机制。