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1.
Chitra Mehta MdTariq Ali Yatin Mehta Joby V. George Manish Kumar Singh 《Journal of tissue viability》2019,28(1):35-39
Background
Pressure ulcers (PU) usually occur over bony prominences in hospitalized patients. But they may occur due to medical devices referred also as Medical device related pressure ulcers (MDRPU). The United States National advisory panel (NPUAP) recognizes it as an important entity. MDRPU is one of the key quality indicators of hospital care, so far no data is available on MDRPU from the Indian Sub-continent.Aim
The primary objective of the study was to examine prevalence and Risk factors of MDRPU in critically sick patients.Design
A Cross-sectional point prevalence study.Methods
All patients above 18 years of age admitted in Intensive care units (ICU) on the date of the survey were included in the study. It was conducted in medical, cardiothoracic and neurosurgical ICUs. Demographic and MDRPU data were recorded. MDRPU was staged as per National Pressure ulcer advisory panel staging system. Ethics Committee approval was obtained prior to the start of the study.Results
One hundred and forty-six patients were included. The prevalence of PU was 26.0%. The prevalence of MDRPU was found to be 19.2%. MDRPUs most commonly occurred with non-invasive ventilation mask (NIV) and nasogastric tube (NGT) (20% and 12.3% respectively). MDRPUs were associated with a longer ICU Stay.Conclusions
MDRPUs pose a significant burden on healthcare. Our study showed significant prevalence rate of MDRPU which is comparable to those seen internationally. There is a compelling need to have continuous audits and structured training programs among healthcare professionals to prevent MDRPUs in critically sick patients. 相似文献2.
3.
Anke Scheel-Sailer Angela Frotzler Gabi Mueller Simon Annaheim René Michel Rossi Siegfried Derler 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(2):89-94
Aim of the study
To examine biophysical skin properties in the sacral region in spinal cord injury (SCI) patients suffering from a grade 1 pressure ulcer (PU) defined as non-blanchable erythema (SCI/PU), SCI patients in the post-acute phase (SCI/PA) and able-bodied participants (CON). Also, for SCI/PU patients, both the affected skin and healthy skin close to the PU were examined.Study design
An experimental controlled study with a convenience sample.Setting
A Swiss acute care and rehabilitation clinic specializing in SCIs.Materials and methods
We determined hydration, redness, elasticity and perfusion of the unloaded skin in the sacral region of 6 SCI/PU patients (affected and healthy skin), 20 SCI/PA patients and 10 able-bodied controls. These measures were made by two trained examiners after the patients were lying in the supine position.Results
The affected skin of SCI/PU patients showed elevated redness: median 595.5 arbitrary units (AU) (quartiles 440.4; 631.6) and perfusion: 263.0 AU (104.1; 659.4), both significantly increased compared to the healthy skin in SCI/PA patients and CON (p < 0.001). Similarly, healthy skin of SCI/PA patients showed elevated redness (p = 0.016) and perfusion (p < 0.001) compared to CON. On the other hand, differences in redness and perfusion between the affected and unaffected skin in SCI/PU patients were not significant. The results for skin hydration and skin elasticity were similar in all groups.Conclusions
Skin perfusion and redness were significantly increased in grade 1 PUs and for healthy skin in both SCI/PA patients and CON participants; thus, these are important in understanding the pathophysiology of PUs and skin in SCI. 相似文献4.
Aim
The purpose of the study was to evaluate clinical safety and effectiveness of Oasis® Wound Matrix as a treatment for full-thickness pressure ulcers and compare it to Standard Care.Methods
A total of 130 adults with Stage III or Stage IV pressure ulcers were randomly assigned, received either multiple topical treatments of SIS plus standard care (n?=?67), or standard care alone (n?=?63), and were subsequently evaluated. Ulcer size was determined at enrollment and weekly throughout treatment. Healing was assessed at each visit for a period of up to 12 weeks, with incidence of complete healing and 90% reduction in ulcer area being the primary outcome measures.Results
The proportion of complete healing in the SIS group was 40% as compared to 29% in the standard of care group (p?=?0.111); the percentage of patients having a 90% reduction in ulcer surface area was 55% in the SIS group versus 38% in the standard of care group (p?=?0.037).Conclusions
The results of this study suggest that within the setting of a comprehensive wound care program, weekly treatment of chronic pressure ulcers with SIS wound matrix increases the incidence of 90% reduction in wound size versus standard of care alone. 相似文献5.
Background
The variation in the management of venous leg ulceration in the UK is partly attributable to an uncertain clinical environment but the quality of judgements is influenced by the how well nurses' confidence and accuracy are aligned.Objectives
To assess UK community nurses' confidence in the accuracy of their diagnostic judgements and treatment choices when managing venous leg ulceration.Design
Judgement Analysis.Setting
UK community and primary care nursing services.Participants
18 community non-specialist nurses working in district (home) nursing teams and general practitioner services and 18 community tissue viability specialist nurses.Methods
Using judgement analysis methods, 18 community non-specialist nurses and 18 community tissue viability specialist nurses made diagnoses and treatment judgements about compression therapy for 110 clinical scenarios and indicated their confidence for each judgement. An expert panel made consensus judgements for the same scenarios and these judgements were used as a standard against which to compare the participants. Confidence analysis was used to assess the nurses' confidence about their diagnostic judgements and treatment choices.Results
Despite being very experienced, both non-specialist nurses' and specialist tissue viability nurses' levels of confidence were not well calibrated with their levels of accuracy.Conclusion
The results of this study are important as errors resulting from both over and under-confidence at the diagnostic phase of management may influence treatment choices, and thus increase the chances of treatment error. 相似文献6.
Dorien De Meyer Sofie Verhaeghe Ann Van Hecke Dimitri Beeckman 《Journal of tissue viability》2019,28(2):59-69
Background
Pressure ulcers have a high impact on patients and their families. Profound and up-to-date knowledge among nurses is important given the effect on attitudes and preventative behaviour. To gain insight into educational needs and priorities, regular knowledge assessments are needed.Objective
To gain insight into the knowledge of nurses and nursing assistants about pressure ulcer prevention.Design
Cross-sectional multicentre study.Methods
474 nurses and nursing assistants recruited at 29 wards in 16 hospitals completed individually the PUKAT 2.0, a valid and reliable questionnaire to measure nurses knowledge about pressure ulcer prevention. Data were collected between February 2016 and December 2017. Independent sample t-tests, one-way analyses of variance and Kruskal-wallis tests were performed to analyse the results.Results
The mean total score was 50.7%. The lowest scores were found in the themes knowledge about prevention (42.7%), aetiology (45.6%) and prevention for specific patient groups (46.6%). Higher educational level (H?=?40.43, p?<?0.001) and attending additional training about pressure ulcers or wound care in general (t?=?2.93, p?=?0.004) resulted in significant higher total knowledge scores.Conclusion
The results of this study highlight an important knowledge deficit about pressure ulcer prevention. The PUKAT 2.0 knowledge assessment tool made it possible to differentiate between a variety of cognitive process levels. This allowed to identify knowledge gaps and focus areas for continuing professional education. Education curricula for nurses and associated healthcare professionals are to be screened thoroughly and the identified knowledge gaps should be covered. Besides, multifaceted strategies are needed to improve clinical practice. 相似文献7.
M. Schario T. Tomova-Simitchieva A. Lichterfeld H. Herfert G. Dobos N. Lahmann U. Blume-Peytavi J. Kottner 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(2):150-155
Background
Pressure Ulcers (PUs) are a severe form of skin and soft tissue lesions, caused by sustained deformation. PU development is complex and depends on different factors. Skin structure and function change during prolonged loading on PU predilection sites and surfaces being in direct contact with skin are likely to have an impact as well. Little is known about the influence of fabrics on skin function under pressure conditions.Objectives
To investigate skin responses to sustained loading in a sitting position and possible differences between two fabrics.Methods
Under controlled conditions 6 healthy females (median age 65.0 (61.0–67.8) years) followed a standardized immobilization protocol of a sitting position for 45 min on a spacer and on a cotton fabric. Before and after the loading period skin surface temperature, stratum corneum hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), erythema, skin elasticity and ’relative elastic recovery‘ were measured at the gluteal areas.Results
A 45 min sitting period caused increases of skin surface temperature and erythema independent of the fabric. Loading on spacer fabric showed a two times higher increase of TEWL compared to cotton. Stratum corneum hydration showed slight changes after loading, skin elasticity and ’relative elastic recovery’ remained stable.Conclusions
Sitting on a hard surface causes skin barrier changes at the gluteal skin in terms of stratum corneum hydration and TEWL. These changes are influenced by the fabric which is in direct contact to the skin. There seems to be a dynamic interaction between skin and fabric properties especially in terms of temperature and humidity accumulation and transport. 相似文献8.
Christopher Heard Wendy Chaboyer Vinah Anderson Brigid M. Gillespie Jennifer A. Whitty 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(1):79-84
Background
Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) is increasingly used prophylactically following surgery despite limited evidence of clinical or cost-effectiveness.Objective
To evaluate whether NPWT is cost-effective compared to standard care, for the prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) in obese women undergoing elective caesarean section, and inform development of a larger trial.Methods
An economic evaluation was conducted alongside a pilot randomised controlled trial at one Australian hospital, in which women were randomised to NPWT (n = 44) or standard care (n = 43). A public health care provider perspective and time horizon to four weeks post-discharge was adopted. Cost-effectiveness assessment was based on incremental cost per SSI prevented and per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained.Results
Patients receiving NPWT each received health care costing AU$5887 (±1038) and reported 0.069 (±0.010) QALYs compared to AU$5754 (±1484) and 0.066 (±0.010) QALYs for patients receiving standard care. NPWT may be slightly more costly and more effective than standard care, with estimated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) of AU$1347 (95%CI dominant- $41,873) per SSI prevented and AU$42,340 (95%CI dominant- $884,019) per QALY gained. However, there was considerable uncertainty around these estimates.Conclusions
NPWT may be cost-effective in the prophylactic treatment of surgical wounds following elective caesarean section in obese women. Larger trials could clarify the cost-effectiveness of NPWT as a prophylactic treatment for SSI. Sensitive capture of QALYs and cost offsets will be important given the high level of uncertainty around the point estimate cost-effectiveness ratio which was close to conventional thresholds.Australian and New Zealand trial registration number
ACTRN12612000171819. 相似文献9.
10.
H.E.W. de Laat A.C. de Munter M.J. van der Burg D.J.O. Ulrich O. Kloeters 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(1):69-74
Introduction
Little is known about health activation and self-management behavior in preventing pressure ulcers (PU) in paraplegic patients. Therefore this study aimed to describe the extent of health activation and self-management behavior in paraplegics to prevent PU's and associations between this behavior and patient characteristics.Furthermore, we aimed to find differences in health activation in paraplegics who never had a PU compared to paraplegics with a previous history of PU's or a new-onset PU's.Methods
A cross-sectional survey on health activation and self-management behavior was conducted among adult paraplegics recruited from two rehabilitation centers in the Netherlands. The Patient Activation Measure (PAM-score) was used to measure the extent of health activation. Patient statements on their level of self management behavior to prevent PU were evaluated.Results
The mean PAM-score (0–100) was 54 (±8.1; n = 162) indicating a low level of health activation. Two indicators turned out to be statistically significant associated with health activation: level of education (OR = 2.2, p = 0.017) and degree of paraplegia (OR = 2.8, p = 0.036). Evaluation of health activation levels amongst paraplegics with or without a PU- history showed no significant difference. Analysis of patients statements demonstrated a large discrepancy between intended and actual behavior to prevent pressure ulcers.Conclusion
Level of education and level of paraplegia are significantly associated with health activation. A positive PU-history is not associated with future responsible behavior nor for compliant behavior in terms of health management. 相似文献11.
Susanne Coleman E. Andrea Nelson Peter Vowden Kathryn Vowden Una Adderley Lesley Sunderland Judy Harker Tracy Conroy Sarah Fiori Nicola Bezer Emma Holding Leanne Atkin Emma Stables Jo Dumville Sue Gavelle Heidi Sandoz Keith Moore Tina Chambers Jane Nixon 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(4):226-240
Background
At present there is no established national minimum data set (MDS) for generic wound assessment in England, which has led to a lack of standardisation and variable assessment criteria being used across the country. This hampers the quality and monitoring of wound healing progress and treatment.Aim
To establish a generic wound assessment MDS to underpin clinical practice.Method
The project comprised 1) a literature review to provide an overview of wound assessment best practice and identify potential assessment criteria for inclusion in the MDS and 2) a structured consensus study using an adapted Research and Development/University of California at Los Angeles Appropriateness method. This incorporated experts in the wound care field considering the evidence of a literature review and their experience to agree the assessment criteria to be included in the MDS.Results
The literature review identified 24 papers that contained criteria which might be considered as part of generic wound assessment. From these papers 68 potential assessment items were identified and the expert group agreed that 37 (relating to general health information, baseline wound information, wound assessment parameters, wound symptoms and specialists) should be included in the MDS.Discussion
Using a structured approach we have developed a generic wound assessment MDS to underpin wound assessment documentation and practice. It is anticipated that the MDS will facilitate a more consistent approach to generic wound assessment practice and support providers and commissioners of care to develop and re-focus services that promote improvements in wound care. 相似文献12.
Hanne Van Tiggelen Nele Van Damme Sofie Theys Eline Vanheyste Sofie Verhaeghe Kimberly LeBlanc Karen Campbell Kevin Woo Ann Van Hecke Dimitri Beeckman 《Journal of tissue viability》2019,28(2):100-106
Background
Although skin tears are among the most prevalent acute wounds in nursing homes, their recognition as a unique condition remains in its infancy. Elderly patients are at risk of developing skin tears due to increased skin fragility and other contributing risk factors. In order to provide (cost-) effective prevention, patients at risk should be identified in a timely manner.Objectives
(1) To determine the point prevalence of skin tears and (2) to identify factors independently associated with skin tear presence in nursing home residents.Methods
A cross-sectional observational study was set up, including 1153 residents in 10 Belgian nursing homes. Data were collected by trained researchers and study nurses using patient records and skin observations. A multiple binary logistic regression model was designed to explore independent associated factors (significance level α?<?0.05).Results
The final sample consisted of 795 nursing home residents, of which 24 presented with skin tears, resulting in a point prevalence of 3.0%. Most skin tears were classified as category 3 (defined as complete flap loss) according to the International Skin Tear Advisory Panel (ISTAP) Classification System and 75.0% were located on the lower arms/legs. Five independent associated factors were identified: age, history of skin tears, chronic use of corticosteroids, dependency for transfers, and use of adhesives/dressings.Conclusions
This study revealed a skin tear prevalence of 3.0% in nursing home residents. Age, history of skin tears, chronic use of corticosteroids, dependency for transfers, and use of adhesives/dressings were independently associated with skin tear presence. 相似文献13.
Dimitri Beeckman 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(1):47-56
Background
Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (IAD) is one of the clinical manifestations of Moisture- Associated Skin Damage (MASD). IAD is a common problem in aged patients with fecal and/or urinary incontinence.Aim
Update about IAD terminology, etiology, epidemiology, observation, prevention, and treatment.Methods
Integrative review.Results
The lack of an ICD-10 code and an internationally validated and standardized method for IAD data collection contribute to a variation in epidemiological data. Frequent episodes of incontinence (especially fecal), occlusive containment products, poor skin condition, reduced mobility, diminished cognitive awareness, inability to perform personal hygiene, pain, pyrexia, certain medications (antibiotics, immunosuppressants), poor nutritional status, and critical illness are associated with IAD. Correctly diagnosing IAD and distinguish it from pressure ulcers is difficult. Even though the clinical presentation of partial thickness pressure ulcers and IAD is similar, the underlying etiologic factors differ. However, incontinence and IAD were found to be risk factors for pressure ulcer development. IAD management should essentially focus on skin cleansing to remove dirt, debris and microorganisms; skin moisturization to repair or augment the skin's barrier; and the application of a skin barrier product to prevent skin breakdown by providing an impermeable or semi-permeable barrier on the skin. The body of evidence is still limited, but growing since the last decade.Conclusion
Incontinence causes disruptions of the skin barrier function and leads to superficial skin damage. Macerated skin and superficial skin changes due to incontinence are associated with pressure ulcer development. Skin maceration, chemical irritation, and physical irritation should be targeted to effectively prevent and treat IAD. 相似文献14.
Manuel Escamilla Cardeñosa Gabriel Domínguez-Maldonado Antonio Córdoba-Fernández 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(2):138-143
Objectives
The aim of this study was to analyse the efficacy and safety of using platelet rich in growth factor (PRGF) as a local treatment for venous ulcers.Methods
In a clinical trial 102 venous ulcers (58 patients) were randomly assigned to the study group (application of PRGF) or the control group (standard cure with saline). For both groups the healed area was calculated before and after the follow up period (twenty-four weeks). The Kundin method was used to calculate the healed area (Area = Length × Width × 0.785). Pain was measured at the start and end of treatment as a secondary variable for each group by record obtained by means of self-evaluation visual analogue scale.Results
The average percentage healed area in the platelet rich plasma group was 67.7 ± 41.54 compared to 11.17 ± 24.4 in the control group (P = 0.001). Similarly, in the experimental group a significant reduction in pain occurred on the scale (P = 0.001). No adverse effects were observed in either of the two treatment groups.Conclusions
The study results reveal that application of plasma rich in platelets is an effective and safe method to speed up healing and reduce pain in venous ulcers. 相似文献15.
16.
J. Hosking 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(3):189-195
Purpose
Custom contouring techniques are effective for reducing pressure ulcer risk in wheelchair seating. These techniques may assist the management of pressure ulcer risk during sleep for night time postural management.Objectives
To investigate the effectiveness of custom contoured night time postural management components against planar support surfaces for pressure ulcer risk measures over the heels.Method
Supine posture was captured from five healthy participants using vacuum consolidation and 3-dimensional laser scanning. Custom contoured abduction wedges were carved from polyurethane and chipped foams. Pressure mapping and the visual analog scale were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the contoured foams in reducing pressure and discomfort under the posterior heel against standard planar support surfaces.Results
Custom contoured shapes significantly reduced interface pressures (p < 0.05) and discomfort scores (p < 0.05) when compared to planar support surfaces. Polyurethane foam was the most effective material but it did not differ significantly from chipped foam. Linear regression revealed a significant relationship between the Peak Pressure Index and discomfort scores (r = 0.997, p = 0.003).Conclusions
The findings of this pilot study suggested that custom contoured shapes were more effective than planar surfaces at reducing pressure ulcer risk surrogate measures over the posterior heels with polyurethane foam being the most effective material investigated. It is recommended that Evazote foam should not be used as a support surface material for night time postural management. 相似文献17.
Ana Belén Moya-Suárez José Miguel Morales-Asencio Marta Aranda-Gallardo Margarita Enríquez de Luna-Rodríguez José Carlos Canca-Sánchez 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(4):260-270
Aim of the study
The main objective of this work is the development and psychometric validation of an instrument to evaluate nurses' adherence to the main recommendations issued for preventing pressure ulcers.Material and methods
An instrument was designed based on the main recommendations for the prevention of pressure ulcers published in various clinical practice guides. Subsequently, it was proceeded to evaluate the face and content validity of the instrument by an expert group. It has been applied to 249 Spanish nurses took part in a cross-sectional study to obtain a psychometric evaluation (reliability and construct validity) of the instrument. The study data were compiled from June 2015 to July 2016.Results
From the results of the psychometric analysis, a final 18-item, 4-factor questionnaire was derived, which explained 60.5% of the variance and presented the following optimal indices of fit (CMIN/DF: 1.40 p < 0.001; GFI: 0.93; NFI: 0.92; CFI: 0.98; TLI: 0.97; RMSEA: 0.04 (90% CI 0.025–0.054).Conclusions
The results obtained show that the instrument presents suitable psychometric properties for evaluating nurses' adherence to recommendations for the prevention of pressure ulcers. 相似文献18.
19.
Naomi Fearns Stephen Heller-Murphy Joanna Kelly Jenny Harbour 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(4):254-259
Background
Chronic wounds are a major health burden and have a severe impact on well-being. This synthesis of qualitative studies was undertaken to inform a health technology assessment of antimicrobial wound dressings. It aimed to explore patients' experiences of chronic wounds and determine improvements for clinical practice.Method
Inclusion criteria included use of qualitative methods, and English language publication. Databases searched included MEDLINE (Ovid), MEDLINE in Process (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOHost), and PsychInfo (EBSCOHost). Searches were limited to 1990–2014. The method of analysis was Framework synthesis.Results
A total of 20 studies were included. The synthesis confirmed the severe physical, social and psychological impact of the chronic wound. Inadequately controlled pain and sleeplessness, restrictions to lifestyle, and the loss of previous life roles can lead to feelings of hopelessness and helplessness and therefore depression and anxiety. Dressings and dressing changes are a key aspect of treatment and provide opportunities for positive interaction and person centred-care.Conclusion
People with chronic wounds can be supported to live well within the severe physical, psychological and social restrictions of a chronic wound. Effective clinical pain management and the recognition of the experience of acute and chronic pain are of the utmost importance to people with a chronic wound. Treatment should not be purely focused on healing but incorporate symptom management, coping and wellbeing via person-centred and holistic care. 相似文献20.
Andrea Lichterfeld-Kottner Elisabeth Hahnel Ulrike Blume-Peytavi Jan Kottner 《Journal of tissue viability》2017,26(1):6-19