微型钛板在下颌骨骨折中的临床应用

目的：评价下颌骨骨折后应用微型钛板坚强内固定的临床效果。方法：50例下颌骨骨折病例行微型钛板坚强内固定术,术后1个月、3个月、6个月复查,观察咬合关系、开口度及骨折线对位愈合情况。结果：50例患者伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,咬合关系恢复良好,开口度≥37mm,X线片示骨折线对位愈合良好。结论：微型钛板坚强内固定治疗下颌骨骨折疗效可靠,是一种较理想的治疗方法。     

下颌骨骨折的小型钛板坚固内固定技术

目的 评估下颌骨骨折小型钛板坚固内固定的可靠性及其效果,探讨其优缺点。方法 ３１例患者共５１例下颌骨骨折行小型钛板复位坚固内固定。复位技术及小型钛板的固定位置均参考Ｃｈａｍｐｙ方法。结果 ３１例患者术后伤口均无感染,２例局部缝线裂开,其余均Ⅰ期愈合。２９例恢复到术前咬合关系,仅２例出现局部咬合关系不良。术后张口度≥３７ｍｍ者２８例。Ｘ线复查未见骨愈合不良或假关节形成。结论 下颌骨骨折的小型钛板坚固     

钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折

目的:观察钛板内固定治疗下颌骨骨折的临床疗效.方法:对52例下颌骨骨折的患者进行切开复位、小型钛板坚固内固定手术,术后X线片检查和临床咬合关系的检查.结果:52例患者手术伤口均Ⅰ期愈合,骨折完全愈合,咬合关系均恢复到伤前的状况.结论:钛板内固定具有良好的稳定性,加速了骨段间的愈合速度,减少了颌间栓结时间,早期恢复张口运动,便于患者营养的摄取,利于患者术后功能的恢复.     

钛板内固定与颌间固定治疗下颌骨骨折59例疗效分析

目的：探讨小型钛板坚强内固定与颌间固定治疗下颌骨骨折的临床效果。方法：59例下颌骨骨折患者随机分为2组，一组采用颌间弹性牵引加小型钛板内固定术(30例)，另一组采用上、下牙弓夹板固定加颌间弹性牵引术(29例)，治疗后对临床效果进行评价。结果：2组术后在感染发生率、骨愈合率方面疗效基本相同：在咬合关系、张口度的恢复及体重改变方面存在明显差异。结论：小型钛板坚强内固定对下颌骨骨折治疗效果肯定，在咬合关系及张口度恢复方面优于颌间固定术。     

陈旧性下颌骨骨折的小型钛板坚固内固定技术

目的 探讨小型钛板坚固内固定技术在下颌骨陈旧性骨折治疗中的应用。方法 ４２例患者共４８处下颌骨陈旧性骨折行切开复位小型钛板坚固内固定。结果 ４２例患者术后伤口均Ⅰ期愈合。４０例恢复正常咬合关系,２例经颌间牵引１个月后基本恢复咬合关系。３８例术后张口度〉３．７ｃｍ,３个月后Ｘ线复查,骨折愈合良好。结论 小型钛板坚固内固定技术在下颌骨陈旧性骨折治疗中具有可靠的效果。     

钛板坚强内固定治疗下颌骨骨折136例报告

目的：总结钛板坚强内固定术治疗下颌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法：收集1998～2004年136例下颌骨骨折病例，行钛板坚强内固定术治疗，分别在手术后1个月、3个月、6个月复查，拍摄X线片，观察骨折线对位愈合情况、咬合关系及开口度等功能恢复情况。结果：136例中134例一期愈合，2例延期愈合。X线片示骨折线对位良好，咬合关系及开口度均恢复良好。结论：钛板坚强内固定术治疗下颌骨骨折效果好，方法可靠，操作简单。     

微型钛板坚强内固定治疗下颌骨骨折38例临床观察

目的：观察微型钛板坚强内固定治疗F颌骨骨折的临床疗效。方法：对38例下颌骨骨折的患者行切开复位,微型钛板坚强内固定术,辅以1周颌间弹性牵引,术后X线片检查和临床咬合关系及张口度检查。结果：38例患者手术切口均I期愈合,咬合关系均恢复到伤前的状况,术后张口度≥37min,X线片复查显示骨折愈合良好。结论：微型钛板坚强内固定具有良好的稳定性,术后辅以1周颌间弹性牵引能恢复正常的咬合关系,手术方法简单,治疗效果满意,是目前治疗下颌骨骨折的较好方法。     

口内途径坚强内固定术治疗下颌骨骨折29例报告

目的 :评价口内途径坚强内固定术及术中暂时性小环结扎治疗下颌骨骨折的效果。方法 :对 2 9例 47处下颌骨体部骨折先作两侧磨牙区和切牙区三点式颌间小环结扎 ,骨折线两侧作牙间结扎 ,初步恢复下颌骨的弓形和咬合关系后 ,自下颌前庭沟作切口 ,显露骨折处并复位后进行小型钛板坚强内固定术。术毕拆除颌间结扎 ,恢复下颌运动。分别于术后第 1d和 90d进行临床和X线检查 ,评价其咬合关系、骨折复位及愈合情况。结果 :2 9例47处下颌骨体部骨折均获得良好的复位和骨性愈合 ,咬合关系良好 ,无并发症。结论 :口内途径小型钛板坚强内固定术可对下颌骨体部骨折进行良好的固定 ,获得满意的咬合关系。     

钛板坚强内固定治疗下颌骨骨折的临床总结

目的:总结应用小型钛板治疗下颌骨骨折的临床经验。方法 :回顾性分析兰州大学第二医院口腔颌面外科,使用小型钛板坚强内固定技术治疗的157例下颌骨骨折患者的临床资料。经术后6个月、1年、2年随访,评价颌面部形态、咬合关系、骨折对位及愈合情况。结果:本组中151例咬合关系恢复良好,颌面部外形和咀嚼功能得以恢复,张口度正常,治愈率达96.18%。2例术后感染,4例发生钛板折断行二次手术取出,失败率3.82%。结论:小型钛板坚强内固定技术是治疗下颌骨骨折的良好方法,值得在临床上推广应用。     

钛板坚强内固定治疗颌面骨折的临床分析

目的：总结钛板内固定治疗颌面骨折的临床疗效。方法：对42例颌面骨折,其中下颌骨骨折25例,颧弓骨折8例,上颌骨颧骨骨折9例。使用钛板螺钉坚固内固定,观察骨折段稳定性,面形改善和咬合功能的恢复情况。结果：41例切口Ⅰ期愈合,Ⅰ期愈合率97.6%。骨折愈合良好,1例术后出现感染,拔除骨折线上的智齿后17天愈合。42例面部畸形改善,咬合关系良好,张闭口功能恢复正常。所有患者钛板均未取出。结论：钛板有较好的组织相容性,坚固内固定具有良好的稳定性,缩短了颌间固定时间,是一种较好的颌面骨折内固定方法。     

下颌骨骨折坚固内固定61例临床分析

目的 探讨下颌骨骨折小钛板坚固内固定的临床效果。方法 61例83处下颌骨骨折中有77处行切开复位小钛板坚固内固定术。结果 61例中2例局部伤口裂开，其余均1期愈合。54例术后面形及咬合关系均恢复满意，7例经颌间牵引、调牙台，术后1个月基本恢复正常咬合关系。56例术后张口度≥37mm，全部病例3个月后复查X线片骨折愈合良好。结论 下颌骨骨折小钛板坚固内固定效果可靠，较传统的颌间结扎固定和钢丝结扎内固定效果好。     

Analysis of complications in fractures of the mandibular angle--a study with finite element computation and evaluation of data of 277 patients.

AIM: The purpose of this study was to compute the load on different osteosynthesis plates in a simplified model using finite element analysis, and to find out whether miniplates were sufficiently stable for application at the mandibular angle. PATIENTS: Data from 277 patients with 293 fractures of the mandibular angle have been evaluated. METHODS: A computation model using finite elements was established in order to compute mechanical stress occurring in osteosynthesis plates used for fixation of fractures of the mandibular angle. In the second part of this study, the data from all in-patients treated for fracture of the mandibular angle were evaluated retrospectively. Age and sex of the patients, cause of fracture, state of dentition, type of therapy as well as complications were noted. RESULTS: In those tests, both the 1.0 mm miniplate and the 2.3 mm module plate were sufficiently stable. The rate of major complications (requiring revisional surgery with general anaesthesia) amounted to approximately 17% in comminuted fractures, or in non-compliant patients in which primary stability with a single miniplate did not appear sufficient, so that other osteosynthesis methods were used in addition. This rate was considerably higher than that in simple mandibular fractures. Simple fractures of the mandibular angle were just treated with one miniplate following Champy's guidelines strictly. In these fractures the rate of major complications was only 2.3%. CONCLUSION: In comminuted fractures and in non-compliant patients, the use of a stronger osteosynthesis material should be considered while in all other cases application of a single 1.0 mm miniplate was regarded as sufficient for fixation using open reduction.     

下颌角骨折经口内坚固内固定临床研究

目的:探讨应用小钛板治疗下颌角骨折的临床可行性。方法:21例下颌角骨折或伴下颌体部骨折应用小钛板沿张力线作坚固内固定,复位技术及固定位置参照Champy方法,3个月～1年复查包括骨折复位准确性、固定稳定性、骨折愈合、伤口愈合、关系及神经损伤等。结果:21例下颌角骨折术后1例出现感染,4例术后出现干扰,其余咬合关系正常,X线复查未见骨愈合不良。结论:下颌角骨折经口内应用小钛板行张力带固定效果肯定,但不能完全摒弃颌间结扎。避免面部疤痕及面神经损伤,较传统的经颌下切口固定有明显的优点。     

Comparative analysis of the effectiveness of the mandibular angle fracture treatment methods

425 patients with mandibular angle fractures were treated at the Hospital of Kaunas University of Medicine (HKUM) Clinic of Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Treatment included the application of closed fracture fragments fixation methods (wire splint fixation, and Kirschner wire osteosynthesis), and methods of open fixation--osteosynthesis using the supra-periosteal miniplate, and osteosynthesis using supra-osseous Zes Pol plate (the latter method was modified by the authors). Relative computerized densitometry showed that closed fixation methods result in a faster healing of fractures. The findings of the pain threshold testing showed that open fixation methods more severely damage the function of the lower alveolar nerve. Using closed fixation methods, osteomyelitis occurred in 5.3% of cases, while using open fixation methods--in 15.3% of cases. Thus, the authors of the article maintain that when mandibular angle fractures, in the presence of suitable conditions, closed fracture fragments fixation methods should be given a priority.     

两种不同内固定方法治疗下颌骨骨折的效果分析

目的 :对钢丝结扎内固定及小夹板内固定的治疗效果进行分析 ,以帮助医生确定适宜的内固定方法。方法 :对 86例下颌骨骨折进行上述两种内固定方法治疗。手术方案由主治医师及副主任医师制定。术后追踪随访 6周 ,记录术后咬牙合关系不良及开口时颞颌关节疼痛的发生情况 ,将术后合并症发生率与内固定方法、术者经验及骨折情况等因素一起进行统计学分析。结果 :两组不同内固定方法的治疗效果无显著性差异 ,但在双处骨折中 ,小夹板内固定的术后合并症发生率明显高于钢丝内固定组。两组医生完成的手术治疗效果无显著性差异 ,但主治医师完成的小夹板内固定术后合并症发生率明显高于副主任医师组。片层状断面或合并有片层状断面的骨折术后合并症发生率较高。结论 :影响下颌骨骨折治疗效果的因素有许多 ,选择适宜的内固定方法是取得良好治疗效果的关键。     

Minimally invasive fracture treatment with cannulated lag screws in intracapsular fractures of the condyle.

PURPOSE: We examined the use of cannulated lag screw osteosynthesis for the treatment of fractures of the mandibular condylar head in providing a high-quality durable fixation, while at the same time reducing the trauma necessary for an open approach to the fracture site. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A preauricular approach was used for exposure, reduction, and osteosynthesis in 5 cases of type B condylar fractures. A cannulated screw system was used that allowed optimum placement of the self-cutting cannulated lag screw following insertion of a guiding wire and using clinical control to ensure its correct position. The joints were submitted to functional exercises immediately following surgery and postoperative radiologic, axiographic, and clinical follow-ups were performed. RESULTS: Radiologic follow-up revealed correct reduction and fixation in all 5 cases. Axiographic and clinical follow-up showed an initial limitation, but normal mobility of the condyles was achieved within 3 months postoperatively, with a maximum mouth opening of 41.2 +/- 9.4 mm after 6 months. There were no occlusal disturbances, no trismus, no lateral deviations of the mandible, and no nerve lesions. Intraoperatively, the method applied shortened the time necessary for and simplified the procedure of reduction and osteosynthesis. CONCLUSION: By using a cannulated lag screw, it was shown that the major factor in the extent of the trauma relating to surgical access was the reduction of the fracture fragments. The method ensured stable fixation of the fracture with a minimum of osteosynthesis material, while reducing the operative time. In combination with intraoperative imaging techniques it can also successfully be applied to other fractures in maxillofacial surgery.     

Transoral 2.0-mm Locking Miniplate Fixation of Mandibular Fractures Plus 1 Week of Maxillomandibular Fixation: A Prospective Study

PURPOSE: In this study, a 2.0-mm locking miniplate (LMP)/screw system was assessed in the treatment of mandibular fractures with a 1-week period of maxillomandibular fixation (MMF). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Fifty mandibular fractures in 34 patients with a mean of 6.97 days of MMF were included in the study. The 2.0-mm LMPs were adapted along Champy's line of ideal osteosynthesis and secured with four 8.0-mm locking monocortical screws. All patients were followed for a minimum of 6 weeks. The incidence of soft tissue infections, nonunion, malunion, malocclusion, osteomyelitis, nerve injury, and tooth damage was prospectively assessed. RESULTS: Primary bone healing was achieved in 98% of cases. Three complications (6%) were observed. Two minor complications of intraoral wound dehiscence and malocclusion were noted. A fibrous nonunion requiring 3 additional weeks of MMF was noted. No evidence of malunion, osteomyelitis, plate fracture, iatrogenic nerve injuries, or dental injuries was noted. CONCLUSIONS: A single 2.0-mm LMP placed along Champy's line of ideal osteosynthesis with four 8-mm monocortical locking screws plus 1 week of MMF fixation is a reliable and effective treatment modality for mandibular fractures.