Inflammatory response to coronary stent implantation in patients with unstable angina.

Previous evidence has shown that coronary angioplasty leads to the release of inflammatory mediators. In this study, we sought to characterize the systemic inflammatory response after coronary stent implantation in patients with unstable angina by measuring different protein markers. Peripheral blood samples were taken before and 24 h, 48 h, and 7 days after successful coronary stenting in 58 patients. Several markers of acute-phase response were determined: C-reactive protein (CRP), alpha2-macroglobulin, haptoglobin, acid alpha1-glycoprotein, prealbumin and albumin. Besides, proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, IL-8) and the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 were also measured. We have found that coronary angioplasty with stent implantation produces a systemic inflammatory response with a rise in inflammation markers concentration. CRP plasma levels declined 1 week after the intervention, but the other marker levels were even higher after 7 days. IL-6 was the only cytokine whose plasma levels significantly increased in peripheral blood after stenting, with a rise after 24 h, maintained after 48 h, and decreased to near-basal levels after 1 week. There was a good correlation between CRP and IL-6 plasma levels (r=0.5, p<0.001). IL-10 levels were slightly decreased after 24 h. Although no significant differences in the means at different time points were found, there was a decrease in IL-10 in most patients 24 h after the intervention. These results indicate that coronary stent implantation induces a systemic inflammatory reaction, with a temporal increase in the concentration of the inflammation markers, especially CRP and IL-6. Since these markers had been previously used as prognostic markers, this needs to be taken into account in patients undergoing stent implantation.     

Percutaneous coronary intervention-induced variations in systemic parameters of inflammation: relationship with the mode of stenting.

BACKGROUND: During percutaneous coronary intervention, the technique of stent implantation (both direct and complementary stenting) is guided using both clinical and angiographic features. We assessed potential relationships between procedural parameters and angioplasty-induced variations in inflammatory parameters in patients treated by these two different techniques. METHODS: A total of 85 consecutive patients due to undergo stent implantation were prospectively enrolled. Inflammation was assessed in terms of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and leukocyte count in samples taken before and 24 h after angioplasty. Patients were classified based on whether they underwent complementary (n=47) or direct stenting (n=38). RESULTS: Inflammation after complementary stenting was related to the duration of inflation (r=0.59; p<0.001), whereas inflammation after direct stenting was related to the inflation pressure (r=0.61; p=0.007), as assessed by C-reactive protein variation. None of the other parameters influenced the inflammatory response. CONCLUSIONS: The inflammatory response after stent implantation depends on the mode of stenting. We therefore hypothesize that the inflammatory response after stenting might be related to the histological composition of the atherosclerotic plaques involved.     

流式细胞术检测冠心病患者外周血白细胞唾液酸黏附素的表达及临床意义

目的观察唾液酸黏附素（Siglec-1）在冠心病（CHD）患者外周血淋巴细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞上的表达水平,并探讨其在冠状动脉粥样硬化发病过程中的作用。方法流式细胞术检测57例CHD患者及38名正常对照者外周血淋巴细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞Siglec-1的百分率;生化常规测定所有人选者血脂水平。结果流式细胞仪检测发现,Siglec-1在正常对照组及CHD组淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞上均无表达;CHD组单核细胞Siglec-1阳性率为（12．74-2．4）％,显著高于正常对照组[（1．0±0．3）％,P〈0．01],而CHD血脂正常组和血脂异常组的Siglec-1阳性率差异无统计学意义。结论作为单核巨噬细胞激活的标志,Siglec-1在外周血淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞上不表达,在正常人单核细胞上表达很低。CHD患者单核细胞Siglec-1表达明显升高,提示CHD患者外周血单核细胞已经激活,发生巨噬细胞化,Siglec-1在单核细胞黏附血管内皮及CHD的发病过程中可能起重要作用。     

Predictive value of plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 for coronary restenosis: dependence on stent implantation and antithrombotic medication.

BACKGROUND: The plasmin activation system is involved in the development of restenosis after percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Conflicting data exist concerning the role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and its predictive value for restenosis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the fibrinolytic response to injury after PCI with or without stent implantation on different antithrombotic medications and its relation to late restenosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Eighty consecutive patients with successful PCI without (balloon only; n = 37) or with stent implantation (stent; n = 43) on different antithrombotic regimes (balloon only, aspirin; stent, aspirin/coumadin/dipyridamole vs. aspirin/ticlopidine). Blood samples were taken at baseline and up to 7 days after PCI and PAI-1 active antigen and tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen were determined. Restenosis was angiographically determined after 6 months. RESULTS: PCI increased both t-PA and PAI-1 levels (P < 0.001), with a significant prolonged and pronounced increase in stent vs. balloon-only patients (P < 0.05). Restenosis (stent 26%; balloon 38%) was significantly correlated to an attenuated PAI-1 increase after 24 h in the ticlopidine group (P = 0.007; restenosis, relative Delta PAI-1 + 50 +/- 28%; non-restenosis, + 139 +/- 50%), but not in the coumadin group. In the balloon-only group late restenosis (ISR) was associated with a trend for an augmented PAI-1 increase after 24 h. CONCLUSIONS: Coronary stent implantation significantly increases t-PA and PAI-1 plasma levels up to 1 week compared with balloon angioplasty alone. ISR in ticlopidine-treated patients was associated with an attenuated early PAI-1 active antigen increase. A less than 50% increase 24 h after stent implantation under ticlopidine treatment may identify patients at risk for the development of ISR.     

地塞米松干预对不同数目冠状动脉支架植入后高敏C反应蛋白水平的影响

目的 探讨冠状动脉内植入不同数目支架术后血清高敏C反应蛋白(hsCRP)水平的变化规律及地塞米松对hsCRP水平的影响.方法 77例患者随机分为实验组(46例)和时照组(31例).实验组植入冠状动脉支架术后立即静脉注射地塞米松10 mg;对照组仅植入冠状动脉支架.实验组与对照组每组再分别依据植入支架数目不同分为单枚支架和多枚支架(2～4枚)2个亚组;分别于冠状动脉支架植入术前、术后6小时、12小时、24小时、48小时及72小时留取外周血,检测血清hsCRP值,分组对比研究.结果 ①实验组术后hsCRP水平与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);对照组术后hsCRP水平与术前比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),hsCRP从术后6小时开始升高,48小时达高峰,持续至72小时开始下降,分别为1.50(3.40)mg/L vs 3.10(5.80)mg/L,10.90(17.30)mg/L,6.50(13.80)mg/L(P<0.01).两组间比较对照组术后多个时点hsCRP水平高于实验组(均P<0.01).②对照组多枚支架和单枚支架亚组术后hsCRP水平与术前比较均升高,但多枚支架亚组术后hsCRP升高更早,幅度更高,持续时间更长.③实验组多枚支架和单枚支架两亚组术后hsCRP与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两亚组间比较多枚支架亚组于术后多个时点hsCRP水平高于单枚支架亚组(P<0.05).结论 术后即刻一次静脉应用10mg地塞米松能有效抑制冠状动脉支架植入术后的炎症反应,但对于植入多枚支架患者试图将hsCRP降到理想水平有待进一步探讨.     

雷帕霉素洗脱支架对急性冠脉综合征患者介入术后C-反应蛋白的影响

目的：比较国产雷帕霉素洗脱支架（Partner^TM）与普通裸支架对急性冠脉综合征患者介入术后C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平的影响。方法；68例急性冠脉综合征患者随机分为两组：A组36例和B组32例。A组置入Partner^TM支架．B组置入普通裸支架。两组分别于术前、术后12、24h取肘静脉血采用胶乳增强免疫比浊法测定C-反应蛋白（CRP）水平。结果：A组术前CRP水平与B组之间差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。A组术后12、24hCRP水平与B组比较。差异均有统计学意义（P均〈0．05）。结论；国产雷帕霉素洗脱支架（Partner^TM）对急性冠脉综合征患者介入术后CRP的产生有抑制作用，可能有抑制介入术后的炎症反应。     

冠状动脉支架置入患者血清炎症因子表达及血管再狭窄

目的：评价冠状动脉支架置入后血清炎症因子对再狭窄形成的影响。方法：以＂冠状动脉疾病,冠状动脉支架置入,炎症介导,支架材料＂为检索词,检索中国期刊文数据库及Medline数据库2001/2010相关文献。纳入研究对象为冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病需要支架置入治疗的患者;经冠状动脉造影检查证实为冠心病的患者;不限定患者的年龄、性别、种族及地域,且同意行冠状动脉支架置入治疗;检测指标为炎症因子表达。排除感染性疾病、出血性疾病、白血病、严重肝病、严重肾功能不全及肿瘤者。重点对23条文献进行探讨。结果：支架置入后随着血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子1浓度增加sCD40L浓度也增加。支架置入后血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子1、基质金属蛋白酶9浓度均明显升高,并上调了黏附因子血清可溶性细胞间黏附分子1、基质金属蛋白酶9的表达;对血清白细胞介素18及C-反应蛋白的水平有明显影响。结论：结果说明在支架置入过程中,球囊扩张、支架置入等一系列挤压斑块因素,促进了炎症因子释放,增加了血清炎症因子的水平。冠脉血管损伤后血管重构及再灌注也是促其增高的原因,而升高幅度与冠脉病变程度密切相关。     

唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素1在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者外周血单个核细胞的表达及临床意义

目的 观察唾液酸结合免疫球蛋白样凝集素1(sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-likelectin 1,Siglec-1,也称CD169)在冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(CHD)患者外周血淋巴细胞、单核细胞和中性粒细胞上的表达水平,并探讨其与冠状动脉粥样硬化发生发展的关系.方法 流式细胞术检测57例CHD患者及38名健康对照者外周血CD14CD169双阳性细胞的表达率;生化常规测定所有入选者血脂水平;实时荧光相对定量逆转录(FQ-RT)-PCR方法检测入选对象外周血单个核细胞(PBMCs)中CD169 mRNA的含量.结果 流式细胞仪检测发现,CD169在健康对照组及CHD组淋巴细胞和中性粒细胞上均无表达;CHD组单核细胞CD14CD169双阳性率为(12.7±2.4)%,显著高于健康对照组[(1.0±0.3)%,t=23.2,P<0.01];CHD组CD169 mRNA的拷贝数显著高于健康对照组拷贝数(t=6.59,P<0.01),为健康对照组的3..倍;而CHD血脂正常组和血脂异常组的CD169阳性率[分别为(12.2±2.3)%和(13.4±2.5)%,t=1.87,P>0.05]和mRNA平均拷贝数(分别为健康对照组的3.64和2.79倍,t=0.98,P>0.05)差异均无统计学意义.结论 CD169组成性表达于特定组织巨噬细胞上,健康人外周血单核细胞上并不表达,单核巨噬细胞受到炎症刺激时,CD169表达迅速上调.CD169蛋白及mRNA含量在CHD患者外周血单核细胞上表达显著升高,CHD患者外周血单核细胞已发生巨噬细胞化,单核巨噬细胞介导的免疫炎症反应在CHD发生发展过程中起重要作用.     

Randomized comparison of early inflammatory response after sirolimus-eluting stent vs bare metal stent implantation in native coronary lesions

BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of early inflammatory response after coronary stent implantation has been controversial. Sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) has been shown to be better outcomes compared with bare metal stent (BMS). We prospectively investigated the early inflammatory response after SES or BMS implantation in patients with single-vessel lesion, and evaluated the relationship between inflammation and late clinical outcomes in a randomized design. METHODS: Forty-eight patients with single-vessel disease were randomized into SES or BMS implantation group (n=24 respectively). Blood samples were taken before stenting, 1 h, 24 h and 8 months afterward. The plasma concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined by ELISA. The clinical and angiographic follow-up were performed at 8 months after stenting. RESULTS: There was no difference in baseline characteristics, plasma CRP and IL-6 concentrations between the 2 groups. However, plasma IL-6 concentrations at 1 h after stenting were higher in both groups than in baseline (p<0.01). In addition, the plasma CRP and IL-6 concentrations at 24 h after stenting were significantly higher in both groups compared with baseline (p<0.01 respectively). Likewise, plasma CRP and IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in BMS group compared with SES group at 24 h after stenting (p<0.05 respectively). At the follow-up (mean 8 months after stenting), the rate of in-stent restenosis (ISR) and target lesion revascularization (TLR) were higher in BMS group than in SES group (p<0.05 respectively) although the plasma CRP and IL-6 concentrations are similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Single coronary stenting could trigger an early inflammatory response. However, patients undergoing SES implantation has less augmentation of early inflammatory markers after stenting compared to patients treated with BMS, which was positively related the incidence of ISR and TLR at follow-up. This may reflect the potential impact of SES implantation on the early inflammatory response and late clinical outcomes.     

置入心血管支架后冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者的C-反应蛋白变化

背景:心血管支架作为一种异体物质,置入后存在明显的炎症反应过程,主要表现在凝血系统的激活以及炎性标志物血清C-反应蛋白的显著升高.目的:总结探讨支架置入后冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病患者炎症反应及C-反应蛋白的变化.方法:应用计算机检索中文期刊全文数据库1990/2009相关文献,检索词为"心血管支架,C-反应蛋白,炎症反应",同时检索PubMed数据库1990/2009相关文献,检索词为"cardiovascular stent on plasma,c-reactive protein".结果与结论:药物涂层支架以金属支架为载体携带药物到达血管损伤局部,使药物在较长的时间内充分释放到血管壁内,减少支架置入后再狭窄的发生.抗炎药物涂层支架主要药物为地塞米松、甲泼尼龙等.抗迁移、抗增生药物涂层支架主要药物为雷帕霉素、紫杉醇、放线菌素D等.支持内膜愈合的药物涂层支架主要药物为雌二醇等.经皮冠状动脉支架置入可诱导和加重局部炎症反应,这对血管内皮的增生与再狭窄有重要影响.反映急性炎症反应的敏感指标如血清C-反应蛋白的浓度对于经皮冠状动脉支架置入后心血管事件的发生有预测价值.冠状动脉内支架置入可显著升高血浆C-反应蛋白水平,所以应充分认识炎症反应及血浆C-反应蛋白、细胞因子的变化对防止心血管支架置入后再狭窄起到的重要作用,及早进行预防及干预,从而减少再狭窄率,提高介入治疗效果.     

循证护理对冠状动脉腔内成形及支架植入术术后并发症及康复的影响研究

目的研究循证护理对冠状动脉腔内成形及支架植入术术后并发症及康复的影响。方法回顾性分析本院接受冠状动脉腔内成形及支架植入术的102例患者的临床资料,其中接受循证护理的48例患者为研究组,接受常规护理的54例患者为对照组,观察并对比2组的术后并发症以及康复情况。结果并发症方面研究组患者的低血压、迷走神经反射、腰背酸痛、尿潴留、腹胀便秘以及失眠发生率均显著低于对照组。康复方面研究组患者的早期活动能力以及心理状况均显著优于对照组。结论循证护理可以有效降低冠状动脉腔内成形及支架植入术的患者术后多种并发症的发生几率,且利于患者康复,值得推广。     

超声心动图在监测急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭冠脉内介入术后心功能中的作用

目的探讨超声心动图在观察急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)和冠状动脉内支架植入术后心功能的作用。方法采用超声心动图对36例急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者PTCA加支架植术前,术后1周、1个月和3个月,进行多项心功能指标动态检测。结果与术前比较,术后1周左室收缩功能左室射血分数(LVEF)、左室短轴缩短率(LVFS)、每搏量(SV)、每分输出量(CO)有明显改善(P<0.05);术后1个月和术后3个月,左室容量、左室收缩功能、左室舒张功能等各项指标均有明显改善(P<0.05)。结论超声心动图在监测急性心肌梗死合并心力衰竭患者冠脉内介入治疗后心功能的变化方面具有一定的临床应用价值。     

超声心动图对评价经皮冠状动脉内支架植入术后左室舒张功能的变化

目的应用超声心动图观察冠心病患者经皮冠状动脉内支架植入术前后左室舒张功能的动态变化。方法冠心病患者及正常对照组各38例,行多普勒组织显像(DTI)及常规超声心动图检查。结果冠心病患者术前各项舒张功能指标均与正常对照组显著不同;术后3d各指标无明显变化;术后3个月及6个月,应用DTI技术检测二尖瓣环舒张早期与晚期主峰速度Em/Am比值较术前显著增大,Teiindex显著下降;而二尖瓣口血流舒张早期与晚期主峰速度E/A比值仅在术后6个月明显改变。结论支架植入术后短期内左室舒张功能未出现明显改善,随着术后时间的延长,左室舒张功能会得到恢复。     

冠状动脉支架置入后相关炎症与细胞因子水平的变化及其临床意义

目的:观察冠状动脉支架置入后患者血清中相关炎症与细胞因子水平的变化,并探讨其临床意义.方法:以"冠状动脉疾病,冠脉支架置入术,炎症介导素类,内膜增生,凋亡,血小板源性生长因子"为检索词在中国期刊全文数据库中(CNKI:1995/2008)采用电子检索方式进行文献初检,语种限定为中文.收集与冠状动脉支架置入后相关炎症、细胞因子水平的变化及其意义相关文献17篇,从冠心病并置入冠状动脉支架的研究对象、实验分组、标本采集、测定方法、实验结果、实验结论加以整理,同时对置入冠状动脉支架的冠心病患者进行基本的分析,结合支架置入后的相关炎症与细胞因子水平的变化,并探讨其临床意义.结果:17篇有关冠心病患者冠状动脉支架置入后的文献均显示,患者血清中相关炎症与细胞因子水平呈动态变化,其可能的机制有:①球囊扩张或支架置入不可避免地损伤内皮细胞,内皮受损、脱落、胶原暴露,可引发或促进斑块破裂,使斑块中的炎症递质或细胞因子促炎因素暴露于血循环中,使循环血中性粒细胞激活,并上调白细胞勃附分子CD11b的表达和激活.②多种刺激可以诱发核转录因子介导的炎性反应,产生白细胞介素6,刺激肝细胞产生C一反应蛋白.③支架置入后仅数天血管紧张素Ⅱ水平较置入前升高,并且随着时间的推移有增高趋势,同时通过血小板源性生长因子调节增殖;通过诱导内皮素的基因表达,使内皮素合成增加等共同作用,促进血管平滑肌细胞的增殖与迁移,从而促进动脉粥样硬化形成,且与球囊损伤有关,可能是再狭窄的机制之一.结论:相关炎症与细胞因子水平的变化可作为冠状动脉支架置入后炎症反应强弱的指标;可溶性cD40配体、C一反应蛋白、基质金属蛋白酶9可能与支架内再狭窄有关.     

Time course of systemic markers of inflammation in patients presenting with acute coronary syndromes.

Inflammation within coronary plaques may cause an acute coronary syndrome by promoting rupture and erosion. It was the aim of this study to examine whether markers of inflammation derive from a cardiac or extracardiac source and how their levels develop over time. Blood samples were taken from patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) with proven atherosclerotic lesion(s) of the left coronary artery (n=13) and from control patients without coronary artery disease (n=13). Blood was taken from the femoral vein and the coronary sinus vein before and after coronary angioplasty (day 0) and on days 1 and 120. Levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1-receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra) and soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) were higher in ACS patients as compared to controls and remained elevated up to day 120. In the long-term time course these markers of inflammation and plaque remodeling slightly decreased in ACS patients. There were no statistically significant differences detectable in the levels of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, IL-10, IL-1 ra, sCD40L and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in the blood of ACS patients taken from a cardiac source as compared to an extracardiac source (coronary sinus vs. femoral vein). This study demonstrates the importance of a systemic inflammatory condition in patients with ACS, in whom markers of inflammation are increased as compared to controls. During long-term follow-up the pro-inflammatory activity remains elevated in ACS patients, supporting the concept of a systemic rather than a local vascular inflammation contributing to the development of atherosclerosis.     

中性粒细胞和单核细胞CD11b/CD18在冠心病中的意义

目的　探讨中性粒细胞和单核细胞膜CD11b/CD18的表达在冠心病 (CHD)中的意义。方法　选择 2 4例稳定型心绞痛患者 (SA组 )、2 4例不稳定型心绞痛患者 (UA组 )和 2 2例急性心肌梗死患者 (AMI组 ) ,选 30例冠状动脉造影阴性作对照组。用Gensini积分法评价冠状动脉病变程度 ,将CHD患者分 2组 :A组 (1～ 2 0分 ) ,B组 (>2 0分 )。用流式细胞仪检测CD11b/CD18的表达。结果　外周血中性粒细胞和单核细胞膜CD11b/CD18的表达CHD各组均显著高于对照组 (P <0 .0 1) ;CHD各组间差异具有统计学意义 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;B组上述参数显著高于A组 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　CD11b/CD18可能参与了CHD的发病过程 ,且与冠状动脉粥样硬化程度有关。     

Predictive value of C-reactive protein in patients with unstable angina pectoris undergoing coronary artery stent implantation

In-stent restenosis is a major problem following coronary stent implantation, and inflammation plays an active role. We evaluated the effectiveness of the inflammatory marker C-reactive protein (CRP) as a predictor of in-stent restenosis after successful stent implantation, in 86 patients with unstable angina pectoris. Plasma CRP was measured in all patients before the procedure, and at 48 - 72 h and 1, 2 and 3 months post-procedure. An angiographic loss of 50% at follow-up was accepted as in-stent restenosis. We found negative and positive predictive values of the pre-procedural plasma CRP for determining 6-month in-stent restenosis of 34% and 61%, respectively. We also found a strong correlation between the 3-month post-procedural CRP value and 6-month in-stent restenosis; the negative and positive predictive values being 8% and 76%, respectively. In conclusion, we showed that a plasma CRP value > 3 mg/l in the third month after coronary stent implantation was a strong predictor of angiographic in-stent restenosis.     

Leukocyte activation in sepsis; correlations with disease state and mortality

Objective: The immune response in sepsis shows a bimodal pattern consisting of an early, frequently exaggerated inflammatory response followed by a state of hyporesponsiveness often referred to as the compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS). Insight into the disease state may be helpful in deciding whether to choose immune stimulatory or anti-inflammatory therapy in these patients and may determine clinical outcome. We hypothesized that poor outcome in patients with sepsis is related to the severity of CARS, as reflected in the degree of leukocyte activation. Design: Prospective study. Setting: Intensive and respiratory care unit at a university hospital. Patients: Twenty consecutive patients with sepsis and 20 healthy age-matched volunteers. Interventions: None. Measurements and results: Analysis of surface expression of HLA-DR, CD11 b, ICAM-1, CD66 b, CD63 and CD64 on neutrophils and monocytes by flow cytometry and determination of plasma concentrations of lactoferrin, interleukin 6 and neopterin by ELISA at the time of diagnosis. Patient data were related to those of controls; moreover patient data between survivors and non-survivors were compared. Increased expression of all markers, except HLA-DR, was observed on both neutrophils and monocytes from patients compared to healthy controls. HLA-DR expression on monocytes was significantly decreased in patients with sepsis (p < 0.01). Expression of CD11 b and HLE on neutrophils, and ICAM-1 on monocytes, were lower in patients who died compared to those who survived (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In sepsis, both neutrophils and monocytes are activated compared to healthy controls. Poor prognosis is associated with a lower expression of activation markers on monocytes and neutrophils, suggesting that poor outcome in these patients may be due to the compensatory anti-inflammatory response. Received: 4 October 1999/Final revision received: 29 February 2000/Accepted: 4 April 2000     

皮腔内冠状动脉成形术和支架植入术的临床应用

目的 :探讨经皮腔内冠状动脉成形术 (PTCA)和支架植入在冠心病治疗中的应用。方法 :总结 68例已行PT CA和支架植入的冠心病患者治疗效果 ,其中 82处病变进行PTCA术 ,76处病变植入支架 ,2例术后 1个半月至 4月再发心绞痛 ,1例术后出现上消化道大出血及下腹腔血肿 ,无其他严重的并发症及死亡发生。结论 :PTCA和支架植入术是冠心病患者安全有效的治疗方法     

Impact of allogenic blood transfusions on temperature,platelet count and differential leukocyte count of patients after coronary artery bypass grafting

We compared the median values of temperature, platelet count, white blood cell count and differential leukocyte count (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, lymphocytes and monocytes) just before and after coronary artery bypass grafting of patients transfused with packed red cell units (n = 119), and not transfused with packed red cell units (n = 98). Just before surgery and at 7 h, 13 h, 22 h, 46 h and 142 h after surgery, blood samples were taken. In the patient group undergoing transfusion lower median values at a significance level of alpha = 0.025 were found of their temperature postoperatively at 7 h, platelets at 22 h, 46 h and 142 h, white blood cell count at 13 h and 22 h, neutrophils at 7 h, 13 h and 22 h, lymphocytes at 46 h and 142 h, compared to the patients not transfused.