颈部淋巴结细针穿刺细胞学检查的临床应用

目的：探讨颈部淋巴结细针穿刺的临床应用价值。方法：回顾性分析我院2002年3月1日～2005年4月1日931例颈部淋巴结细针穿刺涂片细胞学检查与术后病理切片结果对比的临床资料。结果：931例颈部肿大淋巴结的细针穿刺诊断敏感度（总符合率）为82．5％。细针抽吸诊断良性病变350例（37，6％），恶性痛变491例（52．8％），可疑恶性20例（2．1％），诊断不明70例（7．5％）。本组细针穿刺良性病变诊断敏感度85．3％，总准确率为91.4％；恶性病变诊断敏感度94．4％，总准确率为96．0％；恶性淋巴瘤诊断敏感度为64％，总准确率为94．7％；转移癌诊断敏感度为92．6％，总准确率95．7％。结论：针吸细胞学检查是一种可靠的、准确率较高的颈部淋巴结病理诊断检查方法，值得临床推广使用。     

乳腺肿物细针穿刺细胞学诊断的研究

目的　对细针穿刺细胞学诊断在乳腺肿物穿刺中的应用进行评价。方法　细针穿刺乳腺触及到实变处肿物吸取组织细胞涂片 ,采用瑞氏 -姬姆萨复合染色 ,显微镜下观察细胞排列、结构、背景特点、细胞形态等方面对乳腺肿物良恶性判定 ,并与病理组织学诊断进行对比分析。结果　乳腺肿物 3 3 2 5例细针穿刺 ,总准确率为 98 1% ;65 5例乳腺癌的诊断准确率为 10 0 % ;在部分良性病例 (乳腺纤维腺瘤 )的诊断准确率为 88% ;疑癌 94% ,描述性报告 7%确诊为乳腺癌。结论　细针穿刺细胞学诊断对于临床诊断良恶性病变有独到价值。且对恶性病例诊断更为可靠。此诊断技术简便 ,费用低 ,值得推广应用。     

超声引导下甲状腺结节细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查的对比研究CSCD

目的比较超声引导下甲状腺结节细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查的诊断准确率、敏感度、特异性及并发症。方法收集95例超声检查疑似为恶性甲状腺结节患者的98个结节,行超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查,并经术后常规病理检查证实。比较两种方法诊断甲状腺结节的准确率、敏感度、特异性及术后并发症。分析结节直径大小与取材满意率、诊断准确率的关系。结果 (1)细针穿刺取材满意率89.8%,粗针为96.9%。细针穿刺细胞学诊断甲状腺结节的准确率、敏感度、特异性分别为86.4%、90.5%、82.6%;粗针穿刺组织学诊断为90.5%、91.7%、88.6%;(2)粗针穿刺并发症发生率高于细针穿刺(14.3% vs.2.0%,P<0.05);(3)结节直径≥1.0 cm时,粗针穿刺诊断准确率高于细针穿刺(P<0.05)。结论细针穿刺细胞学与粗针穿刺组织学检查在甲状腺结节良恶性诊断中可互相补充。     

乳腺肿物细针穿刺细胞学诊断的研究

目的 对细针穿刺细胞学诊断在乳腺肿物穿刺中的应用进行评价。方法 细针穿刺乳腺触及到实变处肿物吸取组织细胞涂片，采用瑞氏-姬姆萨复合染色，显微镜下观察细胞排列、结构、背景特点、细胞形态等方面对乳腺肿物良恶性判定，并与病理组织学诊断进行对比分析，结果其所长乳腺肿物3325例细针穿刺，总准确率为98．1％；655例乳腺癌的诊断准确率为100％；在部分良性病例(乳腺纤维腺瘤)的诊断准确率为88％；疑癌94％，描述性报告7％确诊为乳腺癌。结论 细针穿刺细胞学诊断对于临床诊断良恶性病变有独到价值。且对恶性病例诊断更为可靠。此诊断技术简便，费用低，值得推广应用。     

超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查在甲状腺癌诊断中的应用

目的:评价超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查(FNAC)在甲状腺癌诊断中的作用。方法:对比分析63例甲状腺结节细针穿刺后行手术治疗患者的细胞病理学与组织病理学诊断结果。结果:细针穿刺细胞学结果与术后组织病理学诊断结果比较,诊断总符合率为90.48%(57/63),kappa=0.883(P<0.05)FNAC判断甲状腺良恶性结节性质的敏感性、特异性和诊断准确率分别为78.95%、95.45%和90.48%。结论:FNAC对甲状腺癌诊断价值较高,与组织病理学检查总体诊断符合率较好,是一种安全、有效的术前确诊手段。     

细针吸取细胞学检查在肺部肿块诊断中的应用

目的：探讨细针吸取细胞学检查在肺部肿块诊断中的应用价值。方法：分析165例肺占位性病变患者在CT引导下经皮肺穿刺的细胞学、组织病理学检查资料：结果：165例患者经细胞学或结合组织学检查160例获得有意义诊断，细胞学检查对肺部恶性病变诊断的准确率为95．5％，对良性病变诊断的准确率为96．8％。结论：CT引导经皮肺穿刺定位准确、操作安全，行细胞学或结合组织学检查阳性率高，为临床治疗提供了病理依据，是一项可靠的辅助诊断技术。     

涎腺肿物针吸细胞学的分类诊断探讨

目的:探讨涎腺肿物针吸细胞学(FNAC)特点、诊断价值及误诊原因.方法:通过涎腺肿物针吸细胞学与病理组织学对照,回顾性分析102例涎腺肿物针吸细胞学特点.结果:356例涎腺FNAC中,有组织学对照102例,其中诊断正确91例,正确率89.2%;良性病变诊断准确率94.4%;良性肿瘤诊断准确率89.5%;恶性肿瘤诊断准确率82.4%.FNAC区分良恶性病变的诊断准确率为96.1%.结论:涎腺肿物针吸细胞学诊断是一种快速、简便的检查方法,对涎腺良恶性病变的诊断可靠、准确.对某些肿瘤的分类仍有局限性,需要活检诊断.     

MSCT联合细针穿刺细胞学检查诊断腮腺腺淋巴瘤

目的:探讨多层螺旋CT（multi-slice computed tomography,MSCT）双期增强与细针穿刺细胞学检杳对腮腺腺淋巴瘤的诊断价值。方法:回顾性收集20例由手术病理证实的腮腺腺淋巴瘤患者资料，术前均行MSCT双期增强扫描和细针穿刺细胞学检查，评估两种检查方法的诊断准确率。结果:20例患者中，MSCT扫描对腮腺腺淋巴瘤诊断的准确率为85.0%(17/20)，细针穿刺细胞学检查诊断的准确率为80.0%(16/20)，两者联合的诊断准确率为100%(20/20)。结论:MSCT双期增强扫描与细针穿刺细胞学检查对腮腺腺淋巴瘤的诊断价值相当，两者联合可提高其诊断准确率     

超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查在甲状腺癌诊断中的应用

目的：评价超声引导下细针穿刺细胞学检查（FNAC）在甲状腺癌诊断中的作用。方法：对比分析63例甲状腺结节细针穿刺后行手术治疗患者的细胞病理学与组织病理学诊断结果。结果：细针穿刺细胞学结果与术后组织病理学诊断结果比较,诊断总符合率为90.48%（57/63）,kappa=0.883（P〈0.05）FNAC判断甲状腺良恶性结节性质的敏感性、特异性和诊断准确率分别为78.95%、95.45%和90.48%。结论：FNAC对甲状腺癌诊断价值较高,与组织病理学检查总体诊断符合率较好,是一种安全、有效的术前确诊手段。     

超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查对小乳腺癌术前诊断的意义

目的: 将超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查与病理结果对照,评估超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查单独应用在乳腺癌诊断中的价值.方法: 对可以扪及乳腺肿块(<2cm)的患者行超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查,再行肿块切除常规病理检查,比较超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查的结果.结果: 在128例乳腺肿块(<2cm)患者中,有48例病理诊断为乳腺癌.超声检查诊断乳腺癌敏感性为61.8%(21/34),特异性为80.8%(59/73).细针穿刺细胞学诊断乳腺癌敏感性为95.6%(43/45),特异性为87.1%(27/31).超声检查和细针穿刺细胞学检查的特异性无明显差异(P>0.05).但细针穿刺细胞学检查的敏感性明显优于超声检查(P<0.05).结论: 细针穿刺细胞学检查在小乳腺癌诊断中具有较高的价值.     

喉癌组织中尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂及其抑制剂的表达及意义

目的:研究尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活剂(urokinasetypeplasminogenactivator,uPA)和纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂1(plasminogenactivatorinhibitor1,PAI1)在喉癌组织中的表达及其临床意义。方法:应用SABC法检测51例声门上型喉癌患者中的uPA与PAI1的表达,结合临床随访,分析其与临床病理指标的关系及预后的作用。结果:uPA和PAI1的染色阳性率分别为64.7%(33/51)和70.6%(36/51)。uPA和PAI1的表达均与临床分期和颈淋巴结状况相关,与肿瘤大小、T分期和病理学分级无关。单因素分析显示,uPA和PAI1的表达与颈淋巴结转移有相似预后作用;多因素分析显示,uPA和颈淋巴结转移是影响患者预后的独立因子。结论:uPA和PAI1的表达与喉癌的临床分期和颈淋巴结转移有关,uPA阳性表达者可能预后较差。     

卵巢癌患者血清与腹水HA含量检测的临床意义

目的研究卵巢癌患者血清与腹水透明质酸(hyaluronicacid,HA)含量变化及临床意义。方法采用放射免疫法测定38例卵巢癌患者及42例对照组血清术前及术后HA含量,并测定其中22例恶性肿瘤腹水HA含量。结果恶性卵巢癌组术前血清HA含量显著高于对照组及良性肿瘤组,P=0.003,术后明显下降,手术前后血清HA含量差异有统计学意义,P=0.004;卵巢癌患者低度分化组血清HA含量显著高于中度及高度分化组,P=0.006,腹水HA含量显著高于血清,P=0.008,两者之间呈显著正相关,r=0.82,P=0.030,淋巴结转移组血清HA含量显著高于无淋巴结转移组,P=0.002。结论HA与肿瘤的生物学特性密切相关,其血清及腹水含量对于病情判断及监测具有重要的临床意义。     

Fine-needle trucut biopsy versus fine-needle aspiration cytology with ultrasound guidance in the abdomen

Historically, fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has varying sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in the diagnosis of abdominal lesions with a high insufficient sampling rate. We compared 20-G fine-needle trucut biopsy (FNTB) with FNAC results in the biopsy of solid abdominal tumours. A retrospective review of 171 (128x 20-G FNTB and 43x FNAC) ultrasound-guided biopsies of abdominal tumours on 157 patients (male : female 85:72, mean age 61.25 years) were carried out. One hundred and seventy-one biopsies were carried out: liver 109, pancreas 19, lymph node 10, omentum 5, right iliac fossa mass 6, adrenal 6 and others 16. An average of 2.06 and 1.97 passes (range 1-4) were carried out per FNTB and FNAC, respectively. A definitive diagnosis was made in 122/128 biopsies (95.3%) and 32/43 biopsies (74.4%) for FNTB and FNAC, respectively. Diagnoses consisted of metastatic liver disease (74/171), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (10/171), lymphoma (8/171) and others (33/171) and benign (29/171). No significant complications occurred in either group. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy were 87, 100, 100, 50, 84.4 and 93.1, 100, 100, 60, 71.4 for FNTB and FNAC, respectively. A greater and more consistent positive diagnosis rate is yielded by 20-G FNTB (95.3%) than FNAC (74.4%). The diagnostic accuracy of FNTB is 84.4% compared with 69.8% for FNAC. A greater insufficient sampling rate occurs with FNAC (25.6%) than with FNTB (4.7%). For abdominal biopsy, 20-G FNTB needles have a much higher yield than FNAC with no increase in complications. FNTB is the preferred choice, particularly where cytological assistance at the time of biopsy is unavailable.     

Galectin-3在分化型甲状腺癌细胞中的表达及其临床意义

背景与目的:在诊治甲状腺结节时,首要问题是定性诊断。虽细针穿刺细胞学检查是术前定性诊断的重要方法,但其自身的局限性影响了诊断的正确率,本研究试图寻找可用于鉴别甲状腺良、恶性结节的分子生物学指标。方法:收集30例分化型甲状腺癌、10例甲状腺腺瘤、10例结节性甲状腺肿患者的细胞涂片标本及临床病理资料。利用免疫细胞化学技术检测galectin-3在甲状腺针吸涂片和印片细胞中的表达。以术后常规组织病理的诊断结果为金标准。结果:印片免疫细胞化学筛查方法的灵敏度96.66%,特异度100.00%,阳性预测值100.00%,阴性预测值95.23%,正确率98.00%。印片常规细胞学筛查方法的灵敏度86.66%,特异度100.00%,阳性预测值100.00%,阴性预测值83.33%,正确率92.00%。针吸细胞免疫细胞化学筛查方法的灵敏度86.66%,特异度100.00%,阳性预测值100.00%,阴性预测值83.33%,正确率92.00%。针吸常规细胞学筛查方法的灵敏度76.66%,特异度100.00%,阳性预测值100.00%,阴性预测值74.07%,正确率86.00%。galectin-3在分化型甲状腺癌的细胞中高表达,而在甲状腺腺瘤、结节性甲状腺肿的细胞中不表达,表达的差异具显著性(P<0.05)。结论:galectin-3在分化型甲状腺癌中高表达,在甲状腺腺瘤、结节性甲状腺肿中不表达。galectin-3的免疫细胞化学检测对分化型甲状腺癌和甲状腺腺瘤、结节性甲状腺肿的鉴别有参考价值。     

头颈部癌前哨淋巴结的临床研究

目的 探讨头颈部肿瘤前哨淋巴结的检测及其对淋巴结转移的预测价值。方法 用手术中注射蓝染料的方法,对51例未经治疗的头颈部癌颈淋巴结NO的患者进行了手术中前哨淋巴结的临床研究。手术中取前哨淋巴结作快速冰冻病理,并与手术后常规石蜡切片病理对照,观察冰冻病理前哨淋巴结转移和常规病理颈淋巴结转移的相关性及其对颈淋巴结转移 癌的预测值。结果 51例中48例成功的显示了前哨淋巴结,成功率94．1％,前哨淋巴结平均每例每侧2．5枚。11例前哨啉巴结阳性,其中2例有前哨淋巴结以外的颈淋巴结转移,2例为假阴性。前哨淋巴结对颈淋巴结转移的总阳性预测值为85％。结论 前哨淋巴结检测对头颈部癌的淋巴结转移有重要的预测价值。     

p27Kip1在胃癌中的表达及意义

目的研究p27蛋白在胃癌中的表达及其与临床病理学特征的关系.方法应用SP免疫组化法,对20例胃良性病变标本及62例胃癌组织p27的表达及其与临床病理学特征的关系进行分析.结果p27在胃良性病变中的阳性率为100%(20/20),而在胃癌中的阳性率为41.9%(26/62),p27在两组织中的表达差异有显著性(P＜0.05);p27的阳性表达在未累及浆膜及淋巴结未转移者显著高于累及或穿透浆膜及有淋巴结转移者(P＜0.05).结论p27参与胃癌的进展,可能是一个预测胃癌预后的重要因素.     

Usefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of loco-regional recurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

AIM: The aim of our study was to define the usefulness of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the assessment of loco-regional recurrence of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). METHODS: Among 1182 consecutive patients treated and followed for DTC from 1992 to 2001, we retrospectively analysed 65 FNAC results of patients presenting a suspicion of loco-regional recurrence. Recurrences were proved at histology in 35 cases and by cervical radioiodine uptake on post-therapeutic WBS (whole body scan) in nine cases. RESULTS: Among the 44 recurrences, FNAC results were malignant, benign and unsatisfactory in 33, two and nine cases, respectively. For the diagnosis of malignancy, FNAC sensitivity was 94%, specificity 100%, positive predictive value 100% and negative predictive value 87%. In the 35 cases where divergent results between diagnostic WBS (37-111MBq (131)I) and Tg level were observed, FNAC assessed the final status in 22 cases (malignant and benign in 17 and five cases, respectively). Of the 12 non-functioning and non-secreting lesions, FNAC diagnosed malignancy in four of the five malignant cases and ruled out malignancy in all seven benign lesions. CONCLUSION: These results outline the interest of FNAC in the assessment of loco-regional recurrences of DTC, especially when classical follow-up tools such as WBS and/or Tg level are unable to detect the recurrences.     

Diagnostic value of Thyroglobulin Measurement with Fineneedle Aspiration Biopsy for Lymph Node Metastases in Patients with a History of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of FNA-Tg for detecting lymph nodemetastases in patients with a history of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC). Materials and Methods: A total of58 patients with DTC diagnosis and evidence of single or multiple suspicious cervical lymph nodes were assessed.All underwent total or near-total thyroidectomy with (35 cases) or without (23 cases) radioiodine (RAI) ablation,followed by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression therapy. A total of 68 lymph nodes were examined byultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (US-FNA) for both cytological examination and FNA-Tg measurement.Serum Tg and anti-thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) levels were also measured. Diagnostic performance includingsensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of FNAC and FNA-Tg werecalculated and compared. The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to estimate the relationshipbetween FNA-Tg and serum TgAb. Results: The FNA-Tg levels were significantly higher with DTC metastaticlymph nodes (median 927.7 ng/mL, interquartile range 602.9 ng/mL) than non-metastatic lymph nodes (median0.1 ng/mL, interquartile range 0.4 ng/mL) (p<0.01). Considering 1.0 ng/mL as a threshold value for FNA-Tg,the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of FNA-Tg were 95.7%, 95.5%, 95.6%, 97.8% and 91.3%,respectively. The sensitivity and accuracy of the combination of FNAC and FNA-Tg were significantly higherthan that of FNAC alone (p<0.05). The diagnostic performance of FNA-Tg was not significantly different betweencases with or without RAI ablation, and the serum TgAb levels did not interfere with FNA-Tg measurements.Conclusions: Measurement of FNA-Tg is useful. The combination of FNAC and FNA-Tg is more sensitive andaccurate for detecting lymph node metastases in patients with a history of DTC than FNAC alone. Serum TgAbsappear to be irrelevant for measurement of FNA-Tg.     

PET/CT双定量分析在良恶性颈部淋巴结鉴别诊断中的价值

  目的  探讨18F-FDG PET/CT SUVmax及CT短径双定量分析在良恶性颈部淋巴结鉴别诊断中的价值。  方法  回顾性分析本院2005年4月~2011年9月期间以颈部淋巴结肿大为首发症状行18F-FDG PET/CT检查的82例患者的显像情况。以病理诊断为金标准, 对CT、PET、PET/CT图像结果进行定量分析, 绘制SUVmax值及CT短径的ROC曲线, 找到最佳诊断界点, 分别计算单纯CT、单纯PET以及PET/CT双定量分析的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度等指标, 并对其结果进行统计学分析。  结果  当CT短径≥0.65cm且SUVmax≥1.95, 18F-FDG PET/CT显像诊断良恶性颈部淋巴结的灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确度分别为79.30%、94.52%、95.15%、77.09%、85.76%, 其准确度高于单纯PET或单纯CT。  结论  18F-FDG PET/CT双定量分析对良恶性颈部淋巴结的鉴别诊断具有较高的临床价值, 其准确性优于单纯PET或单纯CT: 当CT短径≥0.65cm且SUV-max≥1.95.提示颈部淋巴结恶性可能性大。