| 上海市某街道楼宇白领人群健康状况及差异分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 郝雨,崔雅琦,杨永华,林洁,龚玮华,王朝昕,俞文雅,巩昕,芦炜,黄蛟灵.上海市某街道楼宇白领人群健康状况及差异分析[J].中华全科医学,2021,19(7):1158-1162. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郝雨 崔雅琦 杨永华 林洁 龚玮华 王朝昕 俞文雅 巩昕 芦炜 黄蛟灵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.上海交通大学医学院，上海 200025 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金71904145国家自然科学基金71904145国家重点研发项目SQ2018YFC130057海南省哲学社会科学规划课题HNSK(ZC)17-11 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 研究白领人群整体健康状况及影响其健康状况的主要因素。 方法 在上海市北外滩辖区内随机选定8座楼宇开展问卷调查，共发放问卷1 040份，回收有效问卷993份。通过对调查结果的整理，本文检验了不同人口特征对于白领人群3种健康状况的影响，包括慢性病患病状况、焦虑状况以及自评健康。 结果 白领人群患有慢性疾病的占总体13.71%;有焦虑症状的占总体33.55%;自评健康结果以“一般”居多，为48.43%，“比较好”次之，为32.73%。随年龄增长白领人群慢性病患病率越高(P < 0.05)，从事“商业、服务业人员”以及“专业技术员”的白领人群慢性患病率高于其他职业类型人群; 教育水平越高白领人群心理健康状态越趋近于良好(P < 0.05)，社会医疗保险覆盖人群心理健康状况也优于未覆盖人群(P < 0.05);女性白领人群自评健康状况优于男性(P < 0.05)，教育水平越高自评健康结果也趋近于更好(P < 0.05)，已婚白领人群自评健康结果优于未婚人群(P < 0.05)，社会医疗保险覆盖人群自评健康结果也优于未覆盖人群(P < 0.05)。 结论 白领人群健康状况因职业性质特殊具有特异性，年龄、性别、职业内容、教育水平、婚姻状况、社会医疗保险是影响白领人群健康状况的重要因素，应建立白领人群适合的特殊基层医疗体系，从而改善白领人群生理、心理的整体健康水平。
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| 关 键 词： | 慢性病 心理健康 自评健康 白领人群 楼宇 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-06-08 |
Analysis of health status and differences among white-collar workers in one street in Shanghai city |
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| Affiliation: | Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To learn the general health status of white-collar workers and its affecting factors. Methods A survey was conducted using questionnaire among the White-collar workers who works in work building in Beiwaitan Street in Shanghai city. A total of 1 040 questionnaires were distributed, and overall 993 valid questionnaires were returned. Based on the results, this article examined the effect of different population characteristics on the health status of white-collar workers, including the prevalence of chronic disease, anxiety status and self-rated health. Results Prevalence of chronic disease among the surveyed subjects was 13.71%, and the prevalence of people with anxiety disorder accounted for 33.55% of the total. As for the results of self-rated health, the majority of the subjects noted average condition, which made up 48.43% of the total, and those who noted relatively good made up 32.73%, taking the second place. According to the results, the prevalence rate of chronic disease seemed to increase gradually with age (P < 0.05), and the subjects who worked as service personnel and professional technicians were more likely to suffer from chronic diseases (P < 0.05). The higher the level of education of white-collar workers, the better the status of mental health (P < 0.05), and the anxiety disorders appeared less for workers who had social medical insurance. Furthermore, the results showed that women's self-rated health was better than men's (P < 0.05), and those with a higher education level seemed to have better results for this part (P < 0.05). Married workers and those who had social medical insurance were more likely to have better results of self-rated health (P < 0.05). Conclusion The health status of white-collar workers has occupational specificity.The age, gender, professional type, education level received, marriage status and whether or not the workers have social medical insurance can all be regarded as the important factors affecting their health status. A basic medical system which is especially suitable for the white-collar workers should be established or improved to promote their general physiological and mental health statuses. |
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