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云南省人群地中海贫血遗传多样性的研究
作者姓名:张杰
作者单位:(1)云南省第一人民医院遗传诊断中心,云南 昆明 650032; 2)文山州妇幼保健院检验科,云南 文山 663000;3)德宏州妇幼保健院检验科,云南 芒市 678400;4)西双版纳州妇幼保健院检验科,云南 景洪 666100)
基金项目:[基金项目]国家自然科学基金资助项目(81260415);云南省科技厅-昆明医科大学联合专项基金资助项目(2011FB164,2011FB224);云南省教育厅科学研究基金资助项目(2015Z029)
摘    要:[摘要]目的 了解云南省人群中地中海贫血的基因突变谱、地理及民族分布规律. 方法 对地中海贫血筛查阳性患者进行α-和β-地贫基因突变类型检测,根据地贫类型进行民族分布和地理分布统计分析,比较云南省与云南省周围地区地贫突变类型情况. 结果 在234例经基因诊断确诊的α-地中海贫血患者中,检测到4种常见的α-珠蛋白基因突变基因型,这4种突变基因型分别是:--SEA(62.82%)、-α3.7(19.66%)、αCS(12.39%)、-α4.2(5.13%);在登记了民族籍贯的74例α-地贫患者中,汉族、傣族人数分别为47人、19人;在550例经基因诊断确诊的β-地贫患者中检测出17种β-珠蛋白基因突变基因型,其中按检出率顺位的前7种分别是:βE(CD26,32.00%),CD17(22.18%),CD41-42(18.91%),IVS-Ⅱ-654(16.18%),-28(5.09%), CD71-72(2.00%), CD27-28(0.91%);在登记了民族籍贯的248例β-地贫患者中,汉族、傣族、壮族人数分别为160人、26人、11人;β-地贫在云南东南部地区最常见的类型是CD41-42,云南西南部地区最常见的类型是βE. 结论 云南人群中,β-地贫最常见类型是βE突变,与国内其它地区明显不同;α-地贫最常见类型是--SEA突变型,与国内其它地区相似.云南人群中地贫的基因突变型多样,突变类型存在地区和民族差异.

关 键 词:[关键词]地中海贫血    云南省    遗传多样性

Genetic Heterogeneity of Thalassemia in Yunnan Province
Affiliation:(1)Genetic Diagnosis Center,Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory For Birth Defects and Genetic Diseases, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming Ynnan 650032;2)Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Wenshan,Wenshan,Yunnan 663000,China;3)Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Dehong,Mangshi,Yunnan 678400,4)Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xishuangbanna,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)
Abstract:[Abstract]Objective To investigate the genetic heterogeneity of thalassemia in the populations of Yunnan province. Methods From July 2009 to Octorber 2012,mutations of the α- or β-hemoglobin genes were tested in suspected thalassemia cases to investigate the spectrums of gene mutations. And the distribution of mutations in different region and minority were analysed.Results Four types of α-thalassemia mutations,--SEA (62.82%),-α3.7(19.66%),αCS(12.39%),and -α4.2 (5.13%)were identified. Seven common mutations were responsible for the β-thalassemia alleles,CD26(32.00%),CD17 (22.18%),CD41-42(18.91%), IVS-Ⅱ-654 (16.18%),-28(5.09%),CD71-72(2.00%),and CD27-28(0.91%). For β-thalassemia,CD41-42 was the most frequent mutation in southeast Yunnan and βE was the most frequent mutation in southwest Yunnan.Conclusions The most frequent mutation is βE for β-thalassemia,which is different from other regions in China. Similar to the results obtained in other regions in China previously reported,SEA mutation is the most frequent for α-thalassemia. Our data provide valuable information on the control of thalassemia in the population with ethnic and geographical background in Yunnan Province.
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