| 厦门市社区老年慢性病共病与不良生活方式共存现状研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 许丽春,' target='_blank'>,庄盼盼,黄雨欣,张鑫,林丽玉,黄小进.厦门市社区老年慢性病共病与不良生活方式共存现状研究[J].现代预防医学,2022,0(17):3198-3204. |
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| 作者姓名： | 许丽春 ' target='_blank'> 庄盼盼 黄雨欣 张鑫 林丽玉 黄小进 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.厦门大学附属中山医院,福建 厦门 361000; 2.厦门市护理质控中心; 3.福建中医药大学护理学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 调查社区老年人常见的14种慢性病共病情况及不良生活方式共存现象。 方法 采用方便抽样的方法抽取厦门市社区906例老年人群为研究对象,使用自设问卷调查研究对象的慢病共存及不良方式共存现象,使用检验和多因素logistic回归方法进行分析。结果 共纳入906例老年人,慢性病患病率为79.5%,老年人慢性病共病患病率为58.9%。主要的不良生活方式是BMI异常(46.8%)、饮酒(40.5%)、睡眠时间少(37.9%)、缺乏锻炼(35.2%)、吸烟(32.8%)等。多因素logistic回归分析显示,女性(OR=2.232,95%CI:1.474～3.380,P＜0.001)、高龄(OR=2.038,95%CI:1.234～3.365,P=0.001)、有慢性病家族史(OR=2.854,95%CI:1.943～4.194,P＜0.001)、肥胖(OR=2.571,95%CI:1.096～6.033,P=0.030)、饮酒(OR=3.582,95%CI:2.531～5.071,P＜0.001)、吸烟(OR=1.789,95%CI:1.172～2.732,P=0.007)、嗜盐(OR=1.818,95%CI:1.170～2.823,P=0.008)、嗜油(OR=2.023,95%CI:1.153～3.550,P=0.010)、睡眠质量差(OR=2.091,95%CI:1.360～3.215,P=0.001)的老年人,慢性病共病的比例高。 结论 厦门市社区老年人慢性病共病和不良生活方式共存现象严重。肥胖、饮酒、吸烟、嗜盐、嗜油、睡眠质量差等行为生活方式是慢性病重要的可干预因素,社区工作者应提高社区居民对健康生活方式重要性的认识,促使其主动改变不良生活方式并长期坚持健康的生活方式,以降低其慢性病的发病风险,减少其伤残程度,提高生活质量。
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| 关 键 词： | 慢性病共病 不良生活方式 社区老年人 影响因素 |
Study on the current situation of coexistence of chronic disease comorbidity and unhealthy lifestyle among the elderly,Xiamen |
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| XU Li-chun,ZHUANG Pan-pan,HUANG Yu-xin,ZHANG Xin,LIN Li-yu,HUANG Xiao-jin.Study on the current situation of coexistence of chronic disease comorbidity and unhealthy lifestyle among the elderly,Xiamen[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2022,0(17):3198-3204. |
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| Authors: | XU Li-chun ZHUANG Pan-pan HUANG Yu-xin ZHANG Xin LIN Li-yu HUANG Xiao-jin |
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| Affiliation: | *Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To investigate the common comorbidities of 14 chronic diseases and the coexistence of unhealthy lifestyles among the elderly in the community. Methods Convenience sampling was used to select 906 elderly people in Xiamen community as the research objects, and self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the coexistence of chronic diseases and adverse lifestyles. test and multivariate logistic regression were used for analysis. Results A total of 906 elderly patients were included, the prevalence of chronic diseases was 79.5%, and the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly was 58.9%. The main unhealthy lifestyles were abnormal BMI(46.8%), drinking(40.5%), less sleep time(37.9%), lack of exercise(35.2%), smoking(32.8%), etc. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female(OR=2.232, 95%CI:1.474-3.380, P＜0.001), advanced age(OR=2.038, 95%CI:1.234-3.365, P=0.001), family history of chronic diseases(OR=2.854, 95%CI:1.943-4.194, P＜0.001), obesity(OR=2.571, 95%CI:1.096-6.033, P=0.03), drinking(OR=3.582, 95%CI:2.531-5.071, P＜0.001), smoking(OR=1.789, 95%CI:1.172-2.732, P=0.007), salt addiction(OR=1.818, 95%CI:1.170-2.823, P=0.008), oil addiction(OR=2.023, 95%CI:1.153-3.550, P=0.01), poor sleep quality(OR=2.091, 95%CI:1.315-3.260, P=0.001)has high proportion of chronic diseases. Conclusion The coexistence of chronic disease comorbidity and unhealthy lifestyle among the elderly in Xiamen community is serious. Behaviors and lifestyles such as obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, salt addiction, oil addiction, fast eating, and sleep disorders are important modifiable risk factors for chronic diseases. Community workers should raise the awareness of community residents on the importance of healthy lifestyle, and encourage them to take the initiative to change their unhealthy lifestyle and maintain a healthy lifestyle for a long time, so as to reduce their risk of chronic diseases, reduce their disability, and improve their quality of life. |
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| Keywords: | Chronic disease comorbidity Unhealthy lifestyles Community elderly Influencing factors |
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