| 广州市中小学生营养不良现状及影响因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 吕蝶艳,曾淳子,黄婕,劳圣惠,张维蔚,刘于飞,陈坤才,李燕.广州市中小学生营养不良现状及影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2022,0(17):3123-3129. |
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| 作者姓名： | 吕蝶艳 曾淳子 黄婕 劳圣惠 张维蔚 刘于飞 陈坤才 李燕 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中山大学公共卫生学院,广东 广州 510080; 2.广州市疾病预防控制中心食源性疾病和食品安全风险监测部; 3.南方医科大学公共卫生学院 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解广州市中小学生营养不良现状并分析影响因素,为改善学生营养状况提供依据。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,抽取广州市增城区(农村)和荔湾区(城区)中小学生共1 403名。收集一般情况、生活方式、饮食行为和体格检查数据,并判断营养状况。采用检验比较营养不良率或构成比的差异,采用多因素logistic回归模型分析学生营养不良的影响因素。结果 学生营养不良检出率为8.70%,以消瘦为主(7.84%)。其中,男生营养不良检出率高于女生(P=0.027),城区学生生长迟缓检出率高于农村学生(P=0.020),中重度消瘦检出率随着年龄的增大降低(P=0.029)。多因素logistic回归分析显示男生(OR=1.893, 95%CI: 1.270～2.820)是营养不良的危险因素,甜食摄入频次为1～3次/周(OR=0.277, 95%CI: 0.084～0.909)和4～6次/周(OR=0.275, 95%CI: 0.079～0.954)是营养不良的保护因素。结论 广州市中小学生营养不良情况有所改善,但男生检出率仍较高。提示应重视中小学生营养不良,及时开展均衡膳食、饮食行为等干预,避免不良健康结局。
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| 关 键 词： | 营养不良 中小学生 现况 影响因素 |
Current situation and influencing factors of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students,Guangzhou |
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| LV Die-yan,ZENG Chun-zi,HUANG Jie,LAO Sheng-hui,ZHANG Wei-wei,LIU Yu-fei,CHEN Kun-cai,LI Yan.Current situation and influencing factors of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students,Guangzhou[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2022,0(17):3123-3129. |
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| Authors: | LV Die-yan ZENG Chun-zi HUANG Jie LAO Sheng-hui ZHANG Wei-wei LIU Yu-fei CHEN Kun-cai LI Yan |
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| Affiliation: | * School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of malnutrition among primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou, so as to provide evidence for improving the nutritional status of students. Methods A total of 1 403 primary and secondary school students from Zengcheng(rural area)and Liwan(urban area)district of Guangzhou were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. General information, lifestyle, dietary behaviors and physical examination data were collected and nutritional status was assessed. Chi-square test was used to compare the difference of malnutrition rate or composition ratio, and multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of malnutrition in students. Results The detection rate of malnutrition was 8.70%, within which underweight dominated(7.84%). The detection rate of malnutrition in boys was higher than that in girls(P=0.027), the detection rate of growth retardation in urban students was higher than that in rural students(P=0.020), and the detection rate of moderate to severe underweight in students decreased with age(P=0.029). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that boy(OR=1.893, 95%CI: 1.270-2.820)was a risk factor for malnutrition, while sweet food intake at 1-3 times/week(OR=0.277, 95%CI: 0.084-0.909)and 4-6 times/week(OR=0.275, 95%CI: 0.079-0.954)were protective factors for malnutrition. Conclusion The malnutrition situation of primary and secondary school students in Guangzhou has been improved, but the detection rate in boys is still high. Further attention should be paid to malnutrition in this population, timely intervention of balanced diet and dietary behaviors should be carried out to avoid adverse health outcomes. |
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| Keywords: | Malnutrition Primary and secondary school students Current situation Influencing factors |
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