| 歧视知觉对易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应影响的追踪研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 赵燕,张翔.歧视知觉对易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应影响的追踪研究[J].中国学校卫生,2022,43(1):100-103. |
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| 作者姓名： | 赵燕 张翔 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.兴义民族师范学院教育科学学院，贵州 562400 |
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| 基金项目： | 国家民委民族研究项目2020-GMD-060 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 考察易地扶贫搬迁儿童歧视知觉对心理适应的影响，为改善易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应状况提供实证依据。 方法 采用歧视知觉问卷、儿童抑郁量表和儿童孤独感量表，对贵州省某地州4所易地扶贫搬迁学校四至八年级学生426名进行3次追踪调查(T1、T2、T3)，并采用交叉滞后模型进行数据分析。 结果 易地扶贫搬迁儿童抑郁和孤独感在调查时间内有上升趋势(F值分别为18.79，8.69，P值均 < 0.01)，3次调查时间点的歧视知觉与抑郁、孤独感均呈正相关(r=0.23~0.55，P值均 < 0.01)，交叉滞后分析显示，前测(Tn)的歧视知觉可以显著预测后测(Tn+1)的抑郁(β值分别为0.16，0.20，P值均 < 0.01)，T2的歧视知觉可以显著预测T3的孤独感(β=0.25，P < 0.01)。 结论 歧视知觉是影响易地扶贫搬迁儿童心理适应的重要因素。应对易地扶贫搬迁儿童开展有针对性的歧视知觉干预，帮助其更好地适应新的生活状态。
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| 关 键 词： | 精神卫生 适应，心理学 知觉 抑郁 孤独性障碍 儿童 贫困 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-10-08 |
Effect of perceived discrimination on the psychological adaptation of children relocated to alleviate poverty: a longitudinal study |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Xingyi Normal University for Nationalities, Xingyi (562400), Guizhou Province, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective A longitudinal study design was used to explore the effect of perceived discrimination on the psychological adaptation of children relocated to alleviate poverty. Methods Four hundred twenty-six children who were relocated to alleviate poverty were measured three times using a perceived discrimination questionnaire, childhood depression inventory, and the Illinois loneliness questionnaire, the data were analyzed using a cross-lag model. Results Depression and loneliness of children relocated to alleviate poverty had an increasing trend during the three surveys(F=18.79, 8.69, P < 0.01). Perceived discrimination was positively correlated with depression and loneliness at the time points for the three surveys(r=0.23~0.55, P < 0.01). Cross-lag analysis showed that perceived discrimination in the pretest (Tn) significantly predicted posttest (Tn+1) depression (β=0.16, 0.20, P < 0.01) and perceived discrimination at time 2 significantly predicted loneliness (β=0.25, P < 0.01) at time 3. Conclusion Perceived discrimination was shown to be an important factor affecting the psychological adaptation of children relocated to alleviate poverty. |
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