| 青岛市≥40岁吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病现状及影响因素研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 耿传信,徐坤,王君瑜,杨海.青岛市≥40岁吸烟人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病现状及影响因素研究[J].华南预防医学,2022,48(8):943-947. |
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| 作者姓名： | 耿传信 徐坤 王君瑜 杨海 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.青岛市中心医院,山东 266000;2.青岛市第六人民医院 |
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| 基金项目： | 2020年山东省医学会临床药学科研项目（YXH2021ZX018） |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探讨青岛市≥40岁吸烟人群中慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病现状,并分析COPD发病相关影响因素。方法 2021年8—12月采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取有吸烟习惯居民的家庭户中年龄≥40岁的吸烟者作为调查对象开展问卷调查、体格检查以及肺功能检查,分析吸烟人群中COPD患病现状,并对COPD发生相关影响因素开展研究。结果 共纳入吸烟者1 516人,男性占81.06%,吸烟包年≥21者占70.25%,吸烟年数≥31年者占71.17%;发生COPD 297例,发生率为19.59%。多因素Logistic分析结果显示,男性（OR=3.706）、50~59岁（OR=1.567）、60~69岁（OR=2.585）、≥70岁（OR=4.926）、城镇居民（OR=1.568）、BMI<18.5（OR=3.848）、被动吸烟（OR=2.516）、吸烟包年11~20（OR=1.903）、吸烟包年21~30（OR=2.472）、吸烟包年≥31（OR=3.792）、吸烟年数31~40（OR=2.400）、吸烟年数≥41（OR=4.227）为吸烟人群COPD发生的危险因素。趋势χ2分析显示：随着吸烟包年、吸烟年数不断增加,吸烟者COPD发生率逐渐升高（均P<0.01）。Spearman相关分析显示：COPD病情程度与吸烟包年、吸烟年数呈显著正相关,COPD病情程度会随着吸烟包年、吸烟年数增加而不断加深（均P<0.01）。结论 青岛市≥40岁吸烟人群以男性为主,COPD发生率较高。男性、高龄、城镇居民、低BMI、被动吸烟为吸烟者COPD发生的危险因素,吸烟包年与吸烟年数越高可增加COPD发生风险。
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| 关 键 词： | 吸烟人群 慢性阻塞性肺疾病 呼吸系统疾病 影响因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-02-18 |
Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among smokers aged ≥40 years in Qingdao |
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| GENG Chuan-xin,XU Kun,WANG Jun-yu,YANG Hai.Prevalence and influencing factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among smokers aged ≥40 years in Qingdao[J].South China JOurnal of Preventive Medicine,2022,48(8):943-947. |
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| Authors: | GENG Chuan-xin XU Kun WANG Jun-yu YANG Hai |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Qingdao Central Hospital, Qingdao 266000, China;2. Qingdao Sixth People's Hospital |
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| Abstract: | Objective To explore the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） among smokers aged ≥40 years in Qingdao City, and analyze the related factors of COPD. Methods From August to December 2021, the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select smokers aged ≥ 40 years in households with smoking habits as the survey subjects to carry out the questionnaire, physical examination, and pulmonary function test. The prevalence of COPD among smokers was analyzed, and the influencing factors of COPD were studied. Results A total of 1 516 smokers were enrolled, 81.06% of whom were male, 70.25% of whom had ≥ 21 pack-years of cigarette smoking, and 71.17% of whom had smoked for more than 30 years. COPD occurred in 297 cases （19.59%）. Multivariate Logistic analysis showed that males （OR=3.706）, aged 50-59 years （OR=1.567）, aged 60-69 years （OR=2.585）, aged ≥70 years （OR=4.926）, urban residents （OR=1.568）, body mass index （BMI） <18.5 kg/m2 （OR=3.848）, passive smoking （OR=2.516）, 11-20 pack-years of cigarette smoking （OR=1.903）, 21-30 pack-years of cigarette smoking （OR=2.472）, ≥31 pack-years of cigarette smoking （OR=3.792）, smoked for 31-40 years （OR=2.400）, and smoked for ≥ 40 years （OR=4.227） were risk factors for COPD in smokers. Tendency χ2 analysis showed that the incidence of COPD in smokers increased with the increase of pack-years of cigarette smoking and smoking years （both P<0.01）. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the severity of COPD was significantly and positively correlated with pack-years of cigarette smoking and smoking years. The severity of COPD would continue to deepen with the increase of pack-years of cigarette smoking and smoking years （both P<0.01）. Conclusion The smokers aged ≥40 years in Qingdao are mainly male, and the incidence of COPD is high. Male, old age, urban residents, low BMI, and passive smoking were risk factors for COPD. The higher the number of pack-years of cigarette smoking and smoking years, the higher the risk of COPD. |
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| Keywords: | Smokers Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Respiratory disease Influencing factor |
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