| 鼻咽癌患者病程中的营养状况 |
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| 引用本文： | 郭尔钢,吴成,胡国清.鼻咽癌患者病程中的营养状况[J].中国肿瘤临床,2018,45(10):492-496. |
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| 作者姓名： | 郭尔钢 吴成 胡国清 |
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| 作者单位： | 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院肿瘤科（武汉市 430030） |
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| 基金项目： | 国家自然科学基金项目81572960国家自然科学基金项目81773231 |
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| 摘 要： | 鼻咽癌是中国南方常见的肿瘤之一。营养不良在鼻咽癌病程中非常普遍，严重影响患者生存质量、治疗效果和预后。鼻咽癌患者营养不良主要源于患者自身肿瘤导致的全身性炎症反应，以及由此所引起的一系列神经内分泌和碳水化合物、脂肪及蛋白代谢的异常改变，患者精神心理因素以及肿瘤治疗中的不良反应发挥着重要作用。早期筛查患者营养不良风险并对患者营养不良及时进行准确诊断，是临床上进行有效干预必不可少的前提条件。对鼻咽癌患者营养不良的干预措施应该是综合的、系统性的，除了营养咨询与支持外，还应包括心理咨询、疼痛控制、躯体运动等同化刺激手段等，方能取得应有疗效。本文结合近年来国内外相关研究和临床指南，对鼻咽癌患者营养现状及其评估与诊断治疗进展做一简要介绍。
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| 关 键 词： | 鼻咽癌 营养不良 营养支持 |
| 收稿时间： | 2018-02-05 |
Nutritional status in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China |
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| Abstract: | Malnutrition is a common problem in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), a highly prevalent cancer in southern China, which exerts adverse impacts on the quality of life, therapeutic effectiveness, and thus the prognosis of patients. It has been elucidated that malnutrition in patients with NPC is mainly attributed to systemic inflammation provoked by proinflammatory cytokines produced by the tumor, which elicits abnormal neuroendocrine and metabolic changes that ensue. The adverse effects of therapeutic interventions for NPC and psychological factors also play ceritical roles. Early risk screening and diagnosis of malnutrition is the prerequisite for effective intervention, which should include comprehensive measures ranging from nutritional counseling and pain control, as well as anabolic stimulating exercises. In this paper, with reference to recently published studies and clinical guidelines, the nutritional status of patients with NPC and the progress of nutritional interventions are discussed. |
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