| 念珠菌类细菌样变异株生物学性状及遗传学特征研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 王 华,苍金荣,任健康,苏宝凤,归巧娣,张利侠,刘文康,闫福堂,刘 英.念珠菌类细菌样变异株生物学性状及遗传学特征研究[J].现代检验医学杂志,2015,0(4):47-49. |
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| 作者姓名： | 王 华 苍金荣 任健康 苏宝凤 归巧娣 张利侠 刘文康 闫福堂 刘 英 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.陕西省临床检验中心,西安 710068; 2.陕西省人民医院检验科,西安 710068 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解念珠菌发生变异后其形态、结构等生物学性状的改变情况,并通过其遗传学特征研究从分子水平揭示这种变异发生的机理。方法实验室研究中,利用不同的营养条件及生长环境、不同的唑类抗真菌药物对白色念珠菌标准菌株进行诱导使其变异; 临床研究中,从抗真菌治疗效果不佳患者的阴道分泌物、痰液、胸腔积液、胃液等标本中分离念珠菌变异株,并对以上变异株的形态特点、核结构、生化反应、耐药性、菌体组分、遗传学特征等进行研究。结果 菌体形态:念珠菌极易发生类细菌样变异,变异株菌体可呈G+球菌状、G+杆菌状、G+长丝状、G-球菌状、G-杆菌状等; 核结构:电镜透射扫描证实念珠菌变异株失去真核细胞固有的核结构而呈原核生物样改变; 生化反应:在所观察的20项生化试验中有 5项不同; 药敏试验:念珠菌发生变异后对原本敏感的抗真菌药物完全耐药,而对原本耐药的普通抗细菌药物敏感,且耐药谱与普通细菌耐药谱相同; 菌体组分改变:经质谱仪鉴定念珠菌变异株和变异菌返祖株菌体组分有明显不同; 真菌最保守基因表达:采取PCR技术对变异株进行真核生物最保守基因16S sRNA检测发现,念珠菌发生类细菌样变异后仍表达真核生物保守基因,由此可证明具有原核细胞生物学特性的念珠菌类细菌样变异株是源于具有真核细胞的念珠菌。结论 念珠菌极易发生类细菌样变异,变异株各种生物学特性与原核生物酷似。电镜观察具有明确亲缘关系的念珠菌标准菌株、念珠菌类细菌样变异株、变异菌返祖株在核物质存在形式上确有质的改变,此研究在生物进化特别是在原核细胞与真核细胞的进化联系上有非常重要的意义。
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| 关 键 词： | 念珠菌类细菌样变异株 生物学性状 遗传学特征 |
Study on Biological Characters and Genetic Characteristics of Oidiomycetes Mutant Strains Like Bacterial Morphology |
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| WANG Hua,CANG Jin-rong,REN Jian-kang,SU Bao-feng,GUI Qiao-di,ZHANG Li-xia,LIU Wen-kang,YAN Fu-tang,LIUYing.Study on Biological Characters and Genetic Characteristics of Oidiomycetes Mutant Strains Like Bacterial Morphology[J].Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine,2015,0(4):47-49. |
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| Authors: | WANG Hua CANG Jin-rong REN Jian-kang SU Bao-feng GUI Qiao-di ZHANG Li-xia LIU Wen-kang YAN Fu-tang LIUYing |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Laboratary Medicine,Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital,Xi'an 710068,
China; 2.Shaanxi Provincial Center for Clinical Laborataries,Xi'an,710068,China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To investigate the changes of the morphology,structure and biological characters of mutated Candida and through itsgenetic characteristics,research and reveal the mechanism of the variation at the molecular level.Methods Used different nutritional conditions,different growth conditions and different azole antifungal agents toinduce mutation of the standard strains of Candida albicans.In clinical study, Candida mutant strains was isolated from vaginal secretions,pleural effusionand gastric juice samples in patients of poor effect with Antifungal therapy,and studied on the morphological characteristics,and the nuclear structure,the biochemical reaction,the drug resistance,the bacterial composition and the genetic characteristics of above variants,etc.Results Mycelial?morphology:Candida were prone to mutation like bacteria,mutant bacteria could show G+ Aureus shape,G+ Bacillus,G+ long filamentous,G- Aureus shape,G- Bacillus and G- long filamentous; Nuclear structure:Candida mutantstrains changed like prokaryotes under the electron microscope because it lost the original structure of eukaryotic cells.Biochemical reaction:there were5 different items in 20 biochemical test observed.Drug sensitivity test:Candida mutated to antifungal drugs being originally sensitive was completely resistant,sensitive and resistant originally was completely sensitive,and the same asordinary bacteria resistant.The cell component changes:there was significantlydifferent in Candida variant strain and the atavism of variant strain identified by mass spectrometry.The most conservative fungalgene expression:Candida mutated had conservative gene expression of eukaryotes.It could be demonstrated that oidiomycetes mutant strains like bacterial morphology with prokaryotic cell biological characteristics was derived from Candida with eukaryotic cells.Conclusion Candida was prone to variation like bacterial morphology.The biological characteristics of mutant resembled prokaryote.There was a qualitative change among the standard strains of Candida albicans,mutant strains of oidiomycetes like bacterial morphology and the atavism of variant strain with clear genetic relationship under the electron microscope in the form of nuclear matter.The study on biological evolution,especially contactin prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic evolution has very important significance. |
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