| COVID-19疫情背景下医务工作人员职业倦怠情况及其影响因素的分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 张坤,张一方,曲翌敏,桂路婷,秦东旭,张科翼,么常强,江宇.COVID-19疫情背景下医务工作人员职业倦怠情况及其影响因素的分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2023,27(4):459-464. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张坤 张一方 曲翌敏 桂路婷 秦东旭 张科翼 么常强 江宇 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.100730 北京，中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学及公共卫生学院流行病与生物统计学系 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解COVID-19疫情背景下定州市和青岛市两地医务工作人员发生职业倦怠情况及其影响因素。 方法 2021年7月―2021年8月对定州市和青岛市的医务工作者进行横断面调查。利用职业倦怠调查普适量表(maslach burnout inventory general survey, MBI-GS)评价职业倦怠水平，采用Kruskal-Wallis H秩和检验和二分类logistic回归分析模型分析医务工作者职业倦怠水平的影响因素。 结果 982名被调查者中，发生职业倦怠的比例为91.1%，其中达到轻中度、重度的比例分别为71.5%和19.6%。多因素分析显示工作满意度感觉一般或者比较不满意(OR=3.108, 95% CI: 1.653~5.843)、应对方式为消极应对(OR=1.129, 95% CI: 1.071~1.191)人群发生重度职业倦怠者风险更高；同时睡眠时间缩短(OR=0.331, 95% CI: 0.166~0.662)的人群发生重度职业倦怠者风险更低。Spearman相关分析中，医务工作者的积极应对方式、消极应对方式与职业倦怠呈正相关(P < 0.001)，社会支持情况、生活满意度情况与职业倦怠呈负相关(P < 0.001)。 结论 定州市和青岛市大部分的医务工作人员职业倦怠水平较高，需提高工作和生活满意度等关怀和社会支持力度，同时也要考虑适当增加防疫工作中的认同感和积极性以促进职业健康水平。
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| 关 键 词： | 新型冠状病毒肺炎 职业倦怠 影响因素 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-03-22 |
Job burnout and influencing fators among medical staff during COVID-19 epidemic |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China2.Department of Office, Qingdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao 266033, China3.Department of Health Education, Dingzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Dingzhou 073099, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective This study's objective is to understand the occurrence of burnout among medical staff in Dingzhou City, Hebei Province and Qingdao City, Shandong Province and its influencing factors in the context of theCOVID-19 epidemic. Methods In a cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the level of medical workers' occupational burnout in Dingzhou City, Hebei Province and Qingdao City, Shandong Province in July-August 2021. The level of occupational burnout was evaluated using the Maslach Burnout Inventory General Survey (MBI-GS). The Kruskal-Wallis H rank sum test and Binary logistics were used to analyze the factors influencing occupational burnout among medical workers. Results Among the 982 respondents, 91.1% had occupational burnout, and 71.5% and 19.6% had mild to moderate and severe occupational burnout, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that job satisfaction was generally or somewhat dissatisfied (OR=3.108, 95% CI: 1.653-5.843). People with passive coping styles were at higher risk for severe occupational burnout (OR=1.129, 95% CI: 1.071-1.191). And people with shorter sleep duration have a lower risk of severe occupational burnout (OR=0.331, 95% CI: 0.166-0.662). In Spearman correlation analysis, positive coping styles and negative coping styles of medical staff were positively correlated with occupational burnout (P < 0.001); While social support and life satisfaction were negatively associated with occupational burnout (P < 0.001). Conclusions Most of the medical staff in Dingzhou City, Hebei Province, and Qingdao City, Shandong Province, have high levels of job burnout. Improving care and social support such as work and life satisfaction, is necessary. At the same time, increasing the sense of identity and enthusiasm during COVID-19 epidemic prevention work and enhancing occupational health is essential. |
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