| 探究全面发育迟缓儿童的发育特征 |
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| 引用本文： | 庾红业 江蕙芸 覃红霞 蒙晓梅 何巧智. 探究全面发育迟缓儿童的发育特征[J]. 国际医药卫生导报, 2022, 28(22): 3176-3180. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.22.015 |
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| 作者姓名： | 庾红业 江蕙芸 覃红霞 蒙晓梅 何巧智 |
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| 作者单位： | 广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院儿童保健科，南宁 530000 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探讨全面发育迟缓儿童的发育特征，为早期诊断和干预提供可行性依据。方法 选取广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院2019—2020年0～5岁全面发育迟缓儿童138例［男103例，女35例，年龄为（2.68±1.13）岁］和89例0～5岁正常儿童［男58例，女31例，年龄为（2.56±1.19）岁］进行研究分析，分别采用Gesell婴幼儿发育量表进行评估。采用χ2检验、独立样本t检验、Spearman相关性分析。结果 （1）全面发育迟缓儿童各能区的发育商均低于正常儿童，语言能区落后最明显［（48.77±13.88）分比（92.97±6.19）分］，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。（2）随着发育迟缓程度的不断增加，除大运动外的其他能区也表现为发育的异常。（3）全面发育迟缓儿童中，占比最多的是语言能区的发育迟缓［98.6%（136/138）］。随着年龄的增长，适应性和语言能区发育迟缓儿童的比例均增加。（4）语言能区与其他各能区均存在正相关性（r=0.636、0.206、0.378、0.676，均P<0.05）。结论 全面发育迟缓儿童伴有多个能区的发育迟缓，语言能区和适应性能区占比较多，而大运动发育并不一定落后。
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| 关 键 词： | 全面发育迟缓 早期干预 发育特征 |
| 收稿时间： | 2022-07-22 |
Exploration of the developmental characteristics in children with globaldevelopmental delay |
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| Yu Hongye,Jiang Huiyun,Qin Hongxia,Meng Xiaomei,He Qiaozhi. Exploration of the developmental characteristics in children with globaldevelopmental delay[J]. International Medicine & Health Guidance News, 2022, 28(22): 3176-3180. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-1245.2022.22.015 |
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| Authors: | Yu Hongye Jiang Huiyun Qin Hongxia Meng Xiaomei He Qiaozhi |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Child Health Section, Maternity and Child HealthcareHospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530000, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To explore the developmental characteristics in children with globaldevelopmental delay (GDD), in order to provide a feasibility basis for earlydiagnosis and intervention. Methods A total of 138 GDDchildren aged 0-5 years were recruited in Maternity and Child HealthcareHospital, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region from 2019 to 2020, including 103males and 35 females, with an age of (2.68±1.13) years old, and 89 normalchildren aged 0-5 years [58 males and 31 females, with an age of (2.56±1.19)years old] were selected as control. Gesell Infant Development Scale was usedfor assessment. χ2 test,independent sample t test, andSpearman correlation analysis were used. Results (1) The developmentalquotients of all functional areas in the GDD children were lower than those inthe normal children, and the language area was the most backward [(48.77±13.88)vs. (92.97±6.19)], with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). (2) With the increasingdegree of developmental retardation, other functional areas besides the grossmotor area also showed abnormal development. (3) Among the GDD children, thelargest proportion was the developmental delay of language area [98.6% (136/138)].The proportion of children with developmental delay in the adaptive behaviorand language areas increased with age. (4) There were positive correlationsbetween the developmental retardation in the language area and other functionalareas (r=0.636, 0.206, 0.378, and0.676; all P<0.05). Conclusion GDD children arecombined with different degrees of developmental retardation in functionalareas, especially in the language and adaptive behavior areas, but there is nonecessarily delay in the gross motor area. |
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| Keywords: | Global developmental delay Early intervention Developmental characteristics |
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