Racial disparities in preferences and perceptions regarding organ donation |
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| Authors: | Laura A. Siminoff PhD Christopher J. Burant MACTM MA Said A. Ibrahim MD MPH |
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| Affiliation: | (1) Department of Bioethics (TA-215), Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, 44106-4976 Cleveland, OH;(2) Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, University of Pittsburgh, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA |
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| Abstract: | OBJECTIVES: To identify reasons for lower organ donation rates by African Americans, we examined knowledge and attitudes about brain death, donation, and transplantation and trust in the health care system. METHODS: Data were collected from 1,283 subjects in Ohio using a random digit dial telephone survey. Items were developed based on focus group results. Willingness-to-donate indicators included a signed donor card and willingness to donate one’s own and a loved one’s organs. RESULTS: Compared with whites, African-Americans had lower rates of signing a donor card (39.1% vs 64.9%,P<.001), and willingness to donate their own organs (72.6% vs 88.3%,P<.001) or a loved one’s organs (53.0% vs 66.2%,P<.001). African Americans had lower scores on the Trust in the Health Care System scale (mean scores ± SD, 9.43 ± 3.05 vs 9.93 ± 2.88,P<.01) and were more likely to agree that “if doctors know I am an organ donor, they won’t try to save my life” (38.6% vs 25.9%,P<.001), the rich or famous are more likely to get a transplant (81.9% vs 75.7%,P<.05), and less likely to agree that doctors can be trusted to pronounce death (68.2% vs 82.9,P<.001). African Americans were also more likely to agree that families should receive money for donating organs (45.6% vs 28.0%,P<.001) and funeral expenses (63.1% vs 46.6%,P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: African Americans reported greater mistrust in the equity of the donation system and were more favorable about providing tangible benefits to donor families than white respondents. None of the authors have any conflicts of interest to declare. This project was funded by a grant R01-HS10047 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Dr. Ibrahim is a recipient of a career development award from the VA Health Services Research and Development Office and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation’s Harold Amos Faculty Development Award. |
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| Keywords: | decision making disparities minorities organ donation attitudes African Americans |
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