| 中国九省儿童青少年2000—2018年营养状况 |
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| 引用本文： | 李丽,王惠君,欧阳一非,李园,张普洪,郭春雷,王柳森,张兵.中国九省儿童青少年2000—2018年营养状况[J].中国学校卫生,2021,42(12):1789-1792. |
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| 作者姓名： | 李丽 王惠君 欧阳一非 李园 张普洪 郭春雷 王柳森 张兵 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所，北京 100050 |
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| 基金项目： | 中国疾病预防控制中心和美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目NIH R01HD30880中国疾病预防控制中心和美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目R01AG065357中国疾病预防控制中心和美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目R01DK104 371中国疾病预防控制中心和美国北卡罗莱纳大学人口中心合作项目R01HL108427中国营养学会-振东国人体质与健康研究基金资助项目CNS-ZD2019032 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解中国9个省儿童青少年营养状况及变化趋势，为改善儿童青少年营养状况提供依据。 方法 采用2000，2006，2011，2015和2018年“中国健康与营养调查”7~17岁5 746名有完整数据的儿童青少年为调查对象。应用方差分析和χ2检验对不同特征儿童青少年的体质量指数(BMI)和营养不良进行分析。应用线性回归模型分析儿童青少年BMI、消瘦和生长迟缓率、超重和肥胖率的时间变化趋势。 结果 2000—2018年中国9个省7~17岁儿童青少年BMI从17.66 kg/m2增加到19.08 kg/m2(F=22.88，P < 0.05)，男、女生超重肥胖率均呈上升趋势(t值分别为16.65，11.01，P值均 < 0.05)。2000、2006、2011、2015、2018年9个省7~17岁儿童青少年的消瘦和生长迟缓率及超重肥胖率比较，差异均有统计学意义(χ消瘦和生长迟缓2值分别为85.46，29.55，41.09，29.86，45.29;χ超重肥胖2值分别为109.12，52.21，98.23，68.27，52.49，P值均 < 0.05)。 结论 中国9个省7~17岁儿童青少年消瘦和生长迟缓明显改善，超重肥胖呈上升趋势。消瘦和生长迟缓、超重肥胖存在地区性差异。应采取积极的干预策略和措施，在改善消瘦和生长迟缓问题同时，着重预防中国儿童青少年的肥胖问题。
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| 关 键 词： | 营养不良 人体质量指数 回归分析 儿童 青少年 |
| 收稿时间： | 2021-03-08 |
Nutritional status of children and adolescents in 9 provinces of China from 2000 to 2018 |
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| Affiliation: | 1.National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing (100050), China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To understand the malnutrition status and trends among children and adolescents, and to provide evidence for improving the nutritional status of children and adolescents in 9 provinces of China. Methods A total of 5 746 children and adolescents aged 7-17 years old from the "China Health and Nutrition Survey" in 2000, 2006, 2011, 2015 and 2018 were selected as the subjects. Variance analysis and Chi square test were used to analyze the BMI of children and adolescents with different characteristics and different types of malnutrition. Linear regression model was used to analyze the trends of BMI, stunting and wasting, and overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with different characteristics. Results From 2000 to 2018, the BMI of children and adolescents aged 7-17 increased from 17.66 kg/m2 to 19.08 kg/m2 (F=22.88, P < 0.05). The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased in both males and females(t=16.65, 11.01, P < 0.05). Comparison of the rates of wasting and Growth Retardation and overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-17 years in nine provinces in 2000, 2006, 2 011, 2015 and 2018, the difference was statistically significant (χwasting and grouth retardation2=85.46, 29.55, 41.09, 29.86, 45.29; χoverweight and obesity2=109.12, 52.21, 98.23, 68.27, 52.49, P < 0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of stunting and wasting of children and adolescents aged 7-17 in 9 provinces of China decreased. The prevalence of overweight and obesity showed an upward trend in 9 provinces of China. There were regional differences among the prevalence of stunting and wasting, as well as overweight and obesity. Active intervention strategies and measures should be taken to improve malnutrition and focus on the prevention of obesity in children and adolescents in China. |
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