| 上海市虹口区儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常现状及影响因素分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 亓德云,李丽平,江艳微,周媛.上海市虹口区儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常现状及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2021,42(3):444. |
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| 作者姓名： | 亓德云 李丽平 江艳微 周媛 |
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| 作者单位： | 上海市虹口区疾病预防控制中心儿少眼防科，200082 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解上海市虹口区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常发生率及影响因素，为脊柱弯曲异常防治工作提供科学依据。 方法 采取分层整群随机抽样方法，抽取虹口区7所学校1 884名小学四年级至高中三年级中小学生进行脊柱弯曲异常筛查和影响因素的问卷调查。 结果 虹口区中小学生脊柱弯曲异常检出率为7.2%，随着学段的升高，脊柱弯曲异常检出率升高，普通高中(15.7%)>职业高中(8.1%)>初中(3.4%)>小学(1.8%)，差异有统计学意义(χ2=91.24，P < 0.01)；男生脊柱弯曲异常率为5.9%，女生为8.6%，女生高于男生(χ2=5.27，P < 0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示, 影响脊柱弯曲异常发生的因素有学段、营养状况、每天户外活动时间(P值均<0.05)。 结论 脊柱弯曲异常是危害儿童青少年健康的常见疾病之一。需要学校、学生、家长的共同参与，加强筛查、预防工作。
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| 关 键 词： | 脊柱弯曲 患病率 回归分析 儿童 青少年 |
| 收稿时间： | 2020-10-29 |
Abnormal spinal curvature and influencing factors in children and adolescents in Hongkou District,Shanghai |
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| Affiliation: | School Health and Ophthalmic Disease Prevention Department, Shanghai Hongkou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai(200082), China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To investigate the incidence of abnormal spinal curvature and related factors in primary and secondary school students in the Hongkou District of Shanghai, so as to provide evidence for abnormal spinal curvature prevention and treatment. Methods Using a stratified cluster random sampling method, 1 884 students of grade 4 to grade 12 from seven schools were investigated via questionnaires for abnormal spinal curvature in Hongkou District. Results The detectable rate of abnormal spinal curvature was 7.2%, The detectable rate of abnormal spinal curvature increased with increasing age(P < 0.01): senior high school (15.7%) > vocational high school (8.1%) > junior high school (3.4%) > primary school(1.8%)(χ2=91.24, P < 0.01). The detectable rate of spinal curvature among female students was 8.6%, which was higher than that among male students(5.9%), and the difference was significant(χ2=5.27, P < 0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors influencing abnormal spinal curvature included phase of studying, nutritional status and time spent engaged in outdoor activities every day(P < 0.05). Conclusion Abnormal spinal curvature is one of the common conditions that endangers the health of children and adolescents. The collaboration of the school, students and parents is required to strengthen screening and prevention. |
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