| 糖尿病患者家庭支持情况及其对运动行为的影响 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘胜兰,娜荷芽,张欣,王梦楠,李伟豪,常春.糖尿病患者家庭支持情况及其对运动行为的影响[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(8):781-785. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘胜兰 娜荷芽 张欣 王梦楠 李伟豪 常春 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学医学部公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育学系, 北京 100191 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解糖尿病患者的家庭支持与运动行为及运动相关自我效能等因素的关系，探索家庭成员应如何为患者提供支持，为行为干预提供依据。方法 以北京市两城区社区卫生服务中心管理的糖尿病患者为调查对象，采用方便抽样方法，共收回有效问卷607份，问卷内容包括运动行为、家庭支持、运动知识、技能、自我效能等。结果 家庭支持高分组的患者其运动知识、技能、运动相关自我效能均高于低分组（均有P<0.05）。家人鼓励患者去运动的频率越高，患者坚持运动的比例越高（χ趋势2=6.326，P=0.042），且运动相关知识、技能、自我效能均更高（均有P<0.05）。家人陪患者一起运动的频率越高，患者坚持运动的比例越高（χ趋势2=8.103，P=0.017），且运动相关知识、技能、自我效能均更高（均有P<0.05）。在不规律运动时批评患者的频率与是否坚持运动无关（χ趋势2=3.904，P=0.142）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示运动行为影响因素为知识及自我效能（均有P<0.05）。结论 家庭支持对糖尿病患者运动行为、知识、技能、自我效能均具有积极作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 糖尿病 家庭支持 运动行为 自我效能 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-12-31 |
Family support of diabetic patients and its impact on physical activity |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To investigate the relationship between family support and physical activity and motor-related self-efficacy in diabetic patients, and to explore scientific family support interventions. Methods Convenience sampling method was used and a total of 607 valid questionnaires were collected from the diabetic patients, who were managed in the community health service center in two urban districts in Beijing. The questionnaire was designed based on scales with acceptable reliability and validity. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of regular exercise. Results Patients with higher family support had higher exercise-related knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy than those in the lower group. The higher the frequency of family members' encouragement of patients to exercise, the higher the proportion of patients persisting in exercise (χtrend2=6.326, P=0.042), and the higher knowledge, skills and self-efficacy score (all P<0.05). The higher the frequency of family members to accompany the patient to exercise, the higher the proportion of patients persisting in exercise (χtrend2=8.103, P=0.017). Exercise-related knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy score were consistent with this finding (all P<0.05). The frequency of criticism of patients without regular exercise was not related to whether they insisted on exercise (χtrend2=3.904, P=0.142). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of exercise behavior were knowledge and self-efficacy (all P<0.05). Conclusions Family support play a positive role in the physical activity, knowledge, skills and self-efficacy of diabetic patients. Encouragement and companion, instead of post criticism, are more effective methods to provide support. |
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