| 老年人长期照护需求影响因素研究 |
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| 引用本文： | 刘岩,张雪,李伟,陈瑜.老年人长期照护需求影响因素研究[J].现代预防医学,2022,0(9):1636-1641. |
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| 作者姓名： | 刘岩 张雪 李伟 陈瑜 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.昆明理工大学管理与经济学院,云南 昆明 650093;2.云南省第一人民医院党委办公室 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 探析我国老年人长期照护需求及其影响因素。方法 选取CHARLS 2018年数据中60岁及以上老年人样本7 365例,基于Andersen模型构建框架,采用无序多分类logistic回归模型进行分析。结果 98.32%老年人选择家庭长期照护,0.38%选择养老院长期照护,1.24%选择其他照护方式。其中,在倾向特征层次上,离异(OR=10.95; 95%CI:0.272～0.971)和分居(OR=10.29; 95%CI:1.114～4.396)的老年人更愿意选择养老院和其他长期照护方式; 80岁及以上(OR=0.18; 95%CI:0.038～0.851)、女性(OR=0.35; 95%CI:0.161～0.778)、居住地为城乡结合部(OR=0.13; 95%CI:2.014～4.262)和农村(OR=0.15; 95%CI: 0.072～0.332)的老年人更倾向于选择家庭长期照护方式。使能资源层次上,有退休工资的老年人更愿意选择养老院(OR=8.57; 95%CI:1.722～2.751)和其他(OR=4.13; 95%CI:2.047～3.519)长期照护方式; 有2个子女(OR=0.89; 95%CI:2.314～3.613)和与子女每周联系一次以上(OR=0.10; 95%CI:0.156～0.679)的老年人更愿意选择家庭长期照护方式。需求层次上,日常生活活动参与3项以上(OR=18.38; 95%CI:1.217～2.775)、有慢性病(OR=4.69; 95%CI:1.753～4.291)的老年人更愿意选择养老院和医院长期照护方式。结论 我国老年人长期照护需求以家庭照护为主,养老院和医院照护为辅,老年人自主选择上存在很大局限性,老年人的非家庭照护还有很大发展空间。
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| 关 键 词： | 安德森模型 老年人 长期照护 影响因素 |
Influencing factors of long-term care needs of the elderly |
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| LIU Yan,ZHANG Xue,LI Wei,CHEN Yu.Influencing factors of long-term care needs of the elderly[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2022,0(9):1636-1641. |
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| Authors: | LIU Yan ZHANG Xue LI Wei CHEN Yu |
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| Affiliation: | *Faculty of Management and Economics, Kunming University of Technology, Kunming, Yunnan 650093, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To explore the long-term care needs of the elderly in China and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 7 365 elderly people aged 60 and above were selected from CHARLS 2018 data. The framework was constructed based on Andersen model and analyzed by Disordered Multi-classification Logistic Regression. Results 98.32% of the elderly chose long-term care at home, 0.38% chose long-term care in nursing home, and 1.24% chose other care methods. Among them, at the level of predisposing characteristics, the divorced(OR=10.95; 95%CI:0.272-0.971)and separated(OR=10.29; 95%CI:1.114-4.396)elderly were more likely to choose nursing home and other long-term care. The elderly aged 80 years and above(OR=0.18; 95%CI:0.038-0.851), female(OR=0.35; 95%CI:0.161-0.778)and those living in urban(OR=0.13; 95%CI:2.014-4.262)or rural(OR=0.15; 95%CI:0.072-0.332)areas were more likely to choose the family long-term care. At the level of enabling factors, the elderly with a retirement salary tended to nursing home(OR=8.57; 95%CI:1.722-2.751)and other(OR=4.13; 95%CI:2.047-3.519)long-term care. Older adults who had two children(OR=0.89; 95%CI:2.314-3.613)and had contact with their children more than once a week(OR=0.10; 95%CI:0.156-0.679)were more likely to stay at home. At the level of need factors, the elderly with chronic diseases(OR=18.38; 95%CI:1.217-2.775)and people who participated in more than 3 daily activities(OR=4.69; 95%CI:1.753-4.291)tended to long-term care in nursing home and hospitals. Conclusion The long-term care needs of the elderly in China are mainly family care, supplemented by nursing home and hospitals, and there are great limitations in the elderly’s independent choice. There is still a lot of room for non-home care for the elderly. |
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| Keywords: | Anderson model Elderly Long-term care Influencing factors |
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