| 中国2005-2014年中小学生身高体重变化趋势分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 高迪,董彦会,尹杨,邹志勇,马军. 中国2005-2014年中小学生身高体重变化趋势分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2018, 39(2): 252. DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2018.02.027 |
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| 作者姓名： | 高迪 董彦会 尹杨 邹志勇 马军 |
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| 作者单位： | 北京大学公共卫生学院/北京大学儿童青少年卫生研究所,北京,100191 |
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| 摘 要： | 分析中国2005-2014年7~18岁学生身高、体重变化趋势及其特点,为构建中国儿童青少年身高、体重百分位数参考值提供科学依据.方法 采用2005-2014年的全国学生体质与健康调研中的身高、体重测量数据,应用LMS方法对数据进行拟合,获得身高、体重的第5,50,95百分位数曲线,分析2005-2010年、2010-2014年的身高、体重变化趋势.结果 2005-2010年7~18岁城市男生、乡村男生、城市女生、乡村女生第50百分位身高增量分别为1.0,1.6,0.8,1.1 cm,2010-2014年身高增量分别为1.0,1.4,0.9,1.3 cm;2005-2010年7~18岁城市男生、乡村男生、城市女生、乡村女生第50百分位体重增量分别为1.3,1.9,0.9,1.1 kg,2010-2014年体重增量分别为1.7,2.1,1.3,1.5 kg.以18岁学生的身高、体重作为成年身高、体重的估计值,2005-2014年期间,我国学生成年身高、体重增加明显.乡村学生身高和体重的平均增长量普遍高于城市学生,男生高于女生;2010-2014年身高和体重的增长趋势均比2005-2010年更明显.结论 我国儿童青少年生长发育水平仍保持较快的增长趋势,尤其是体重增长较为迅速,且身高、体重的城乡差距在逐渐缩小.
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| 关 键 词： | 身高 体重 生长和发育 学生 |
Secular trends of height and weight in Chinese children from 2005 to 2014 |
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| Abstract: | Objective To analyze the secular trends and characteristics in height and weight of Chinese school children (aged 7-18 years) during 2005 to 2014.Methods The height and weight measurement data came from the Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health in 2005,2010 and 2014.Data were fitted by LMS method to obtain the 5th,50th and 95th percentile curves of height and weight,and then comparisons between the increment of 2005-2010 and 2010-2014 were analyzed.Results From 2005 to 2010,the 50th percentile of average height increased by 1.0,1.6,0.8,1.1cm,and from 2010 to 2014,the increments were 1.0,1.4,0.9,1.3 cm,for urban boys,rural boys,urban girls,rural girls respectively;From 2005 to 2010,the 50th percentile of average weight increased by 1.3,1.9,0.9,1.1kg,and the increments were 1.7,2.1,1.3,1.5kg during 2010 to 2014.Height and weight of as the estimated value of adult height and weight,in the nearly 9 years,the adult height and weight increased significantly when taking 18-year-old students as adult population.The average increments of height and weight of rural students were higher than those of urban students,and the increments of boys were higher than those of girls.The average increasement of height and weight between 2010 and 2014 were higher than that of during 2005 to 2010.Conclusion The growth and development among children and adolescents in China still maintains a rapid increasing trend,especially in weight.Gap between urban and rural areas is gradually diminishing. |
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