| 2011—2020年贵州省老年肺结核流行特征及治疗效果分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 马晓雪,周建,陈慧娟,郭雪丽,黄爱菊,陈璞,洪峰,李进岚,.2011—2020年贵州省老年肺结核流行特征及治疗效果分析[J].现代预防医学,2021,0(20):3667-3672. |
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| 作者姓名： | 马晓雪 周建 陈慧娟 郭雪丽 黄爱菊 陈璞 洪峰 李进岚 |
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| 作者单位： | 1.贵州医科大学公共卫生学院，环境污染与疾病监控教育部重点实验室，贵州 贵阳 550025；2.贵州省疾病预防控制中心结防所，贵州 贵阳 550001 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 分析贵州省老年肺结核流行特征和治疗效果，针对性地优化防治策略。方法 从结核病信息管理系统导出2011—2020年贵州省≥65岁肺结核资料，对其三间分布、发现方式和治疗转归等特征进行回顾性描述分析。结果 2011—2020年贵州省共报告老年肺结核78 731例，年均报告发病率为227.40/10万，总体呈下降趋势。老年病例集中在75～79岁年龄组；男性年均报告发病率290.00/10万高于女性169.95/10万；地区分布以遵义、黔南和铜仁居多，年均发病率分别为304.62/10万、303.21/10万、273.53/10万；绝大多数病人（97.07%）为因症就诊等被动发现；就诊延误率为70.62%；初、复治涂阳患者成功治疗率分别为84.72%和76.05%。结论 老年肺结核是贵州省防控工作的重要挑战，应以男性和高发地区为重点，通过健康教育提升患者主动就医从而加大发现力度和减少就诊延迟情况，并结合基本公共卫生服务促进患者主动发现，规范治疗避免复发、耐药等不良结局发生，整合各部门职能，共同推进老年肺结核防控工作。
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| 关 键 词： | 老年 肺结核 流行特征 |
Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020 |
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| MA Xiao-xue,ZHOU Jian,CHEN Hui-juan,GUO Xue-li,HUANG Ai-jue,CHEN Pu,HONG Feng,LI Jin-lan.Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and treatment outcomes of elderly pulmonary tuberculosis in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2021,0(20):3667-3672. |
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| Authors: | MA Xiao-xue ZHOU Jian CHEN Hui-juan GUO Xue-li HUANG Ai-jue CHEN Pu HONG Feng LI Jin-lan |
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| Affiliation: | *School of Public Health, the key Laboratory of Enviromental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China |
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| Abstract: | To analyze the epidemic characteristics and treatment effect of pulmonary tuberculosis among the elderly in Guizhou, in order to optimize the prevention and treatment strategy. Methods The data of pulmonary tuberculosis aged over65 years in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020 were derived from the Tuberculosis Information Management System and the characteristics of the distribution, detection methods and treatment outcomes were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of78 731 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in the elderly were reported in Guizhou Province from 2011 to 2020, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 227.40/100 000, showing an overall decreasing trend. The elderly cases were concentrated in the age group of 75-79 years; the average annual reported incidence rate was 290.00/100 000 for males and 169.95/100 000 for females; the regional distribution was mostly in Zunyi, Qiannan and Tongren, with average annual incidence rates of 304.62/100000, 303.21/100 000 and 273.53/100 000, respectively; the majority of patients(97.07%) were passively diagnosed due to symptoms. The delayed consultation rate was 70.62%, and the successful treatment rates of primary and repeat positive patients were 84.72% and 76.05%, respectively. Conclusion Tuberculosis in the elderly poses a critical challenge for disease prevention and control in Guizhou Province. Measures include focusing on men and high prevalence areas, enhancing patients ’active medical care through health education to increase detection and reduce consultation delays, integrating with basic public health services to promote patients’ active detection and standardized treatment to avoid adverse outcomes such as relapse and drug resistance, and combining the functions of various departments to jointly promote the prevention and control of elderly tuberculosis. |
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| Keywords: | Elderly Pulmonary tuberculosis Epidemic characteristics |
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