| 2008-2016年安徽省学生肺结核变化趋势及特征分析 |
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| 引用本文： | 方雪晖,邹铮,汤莉,马冬春.2008-2016年安徽省学生肺结核变化趋势及特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(10):1039-1043. |
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| 作者姓名： | 方雪晖 邹铮 汤莉 马冬春 |
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| 作者单位： | 1. 安徽省结核病防治研究所(安徽省胸科医院)科教科, 安徽 合肥 230022; |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 了解安徽省学生肺结核（tuberculosis，TB）流行特征，为制定学校结核病防控措施提供科学依据。方法 收集安徽省2008-2016年"结核病管理信息系统"中有关学生结核病发病资料及《安徽省统计年鉴》中有关学生资料。结果 2008-2015年学生活动性肺TB患者平均发病率为13.58/10万，其中涂阳患者平均发病率为4.89/10万，涂阳患者发病率呈逐年下降趋势（χ趋势2=678.71，P<0.001）。2008-2016年报告的学生活动性肺TB患者共11 880例，男女性别比为1.75:1。以15~岁患者为主，春季为高发季节。患者以涂阴肺TB为主，占59.74%，涂阳肺TB所占比例呈逐年下降趋势（χ趋势2=1 091.46，P<0.001），涂阴肺TB及结核性胸膜炎所占比例呈逐年上升趋势（χ趋势12=711.69，P<0.001；χ趋势22=145.55，P<0.001）。学生患者平均就诊延迟率和确诊延迟率分别为53.71%和13.59%。患者发现方式以转诊为主，占45.20%，健康体检发现方式所占比例呈逐年上升趋势（χ趋势2=64.70，P<0.001）。结论 2008-2016年安徽省学生涂阳肺TB患者发病率逐年下降，15~岁为重点发病人群，春季为高发季节，健康体检等发现方式逐年增加。下一步将根据重点人群及高发时间，加强学生TB防控工作，继续关注健康体检在学生肺TB发现中的作用。
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| 关 键 词： | 结核 肺 学生 流行病学 |
| 收稿时间： | 2017-04-16 |
Trend and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in students of Anhui Province, 2008-2016 |
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| FANG Xue-hui,ZOU Zheng,TANG Li,MA Dong-chun.Trend and characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in students of Anhui Province, 2008-2016[J].Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention,2017,21(10):1039-1043. |
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| Authors: | FANG Xue-hui ZOU Zheng TANG Li MA Dong-chun |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Science and Education Division, Anhui Institute of Tuberculosis Control(Anhui Provincial Chest Hospital), Hefei 230022, China;2. Hospital Office, Anhui Institute of Tuberculosis Control(Anhui Provincial Chest Hospital), Hefei 230022, China |
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| Abstract: | Objective To explore the epidemiological features of students' pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) in Anhui Province,and to provide scientific basis for the development of school TB prevention and control measures.Methods The data of tuberculosis among students were collected from the Infectious Diseases Reporting System (IDRS) in Anhui Province from 2008 to 2016,school and student information were collected from Statistical Yearbook of Anhui Province.Results The average incidence rate of students with active TB during 2008-2015 was 13.58 / 100 00.The average incidence rate of smear-positive pulmonary TB patients was 4.89 / 100 000,the incidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB was decreasing year by year (x2trend =678.71,P ＜ 0.001).A total of 1 1 880 cases of active pulmonary TB patients were reported from 2008 to 2016 in Anhui Province,the gender ratio was 1.75 ∶ 1.Most of the cases were in 15-years,the highest incidence was in spring.The proportion of smear-negative lung TB was the highest among the patients with active lung TB in Anhui province in 2008-2016,with an average of 59.74％.In the composition of lung TB,the proportion of smear-positive pulmonary TB patients was decreasing year byyear(x2trend =1 091.46,P ＜ 0.001).The proportion of smear-negative lung TB and tuberculosis pleurisy patients was increasing year by year(x2trend 1 =711.69,P ＜ 0.001;x2trend2 =145.55,P ＜0.001).The rates of delayed treatment and the delayed diagnosis were 53.71％ and 13.59％ respectively.About 45.20％ of patients were found by referral,higher than other means.The proportion of patients found by the physical examination was increasing year byyear (xx2trend =64.70,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions The incidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB patients decreased year by year from 2008 to 2016.Most of the patients were in 15-years,and the highest incidence was in spring.Health examination and other ways to find patients increased year by year.The next step will be based on key populations and high incidence of time to strengthen student TB prevention and control work,continue to focus on the role of health examination in student tuberculosis discovery. |
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| Keywords: | Tuberculosis pulmonary Student Epidemiology |
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