| 2015年中国西南地区PM2.5长期暴露所致超额死亡人数评估 |
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| 引用本文： | 张昱勤,吴文静,姚明宏,许欢,敖琳珺,赵星,郭冰.2015年中国西南地区PM2.5长期暴露所致超额死亡人数评估[J].现代预防医学,2020,0(7):1153-1157. |
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| 作者姓名： | 张昱勤 吴文静 姚明宏 许欢 敖琳珺 赵星 郭冰 |
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| 作者单位： | 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院，四川 成都 610041 |
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| 摘 要： | 目的 估计2015年中国西南地区PM2.5长期暴露所致超额死亡人数，为我国西南地区空气污染防控相关政策的制定提供科学参考。方法 本研究PM2.5和人口数据来自NASA，空间分辨率为1km×1km，采用全球暴露-死亡关系模型分别估计PM2.5对局部缺血性心脏病（IHD）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和肺癌（LNC）死亡的相对危险度，最后根据超额死亡人数评估模型估计各省市PM2.5长期暴露所致超额死亡人数。 结果 2015年中国西南地区PM2.5污染所致超额死亡总人数为13.76万人，其中IHD、COPD和LNC超额死亡人数分别为6.45万、5.41万和1.90万；四川省、重庆市、云南省和贵州省的PM2.5污染的超额死亡人数分别为6.07万、2.24万、2.57万和2.88万。结论 中国西南地区应重点关注和防治PM2.5污染所致局部缺血性心脏病死亡，并根据各地区实际情况制定合理的大气PM2.5污染防控措施，减轻空气污染对人群的健康危害。
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| 关 键 词： | PM2.5 西南地区 全球暴露-死亡关系模型 超额死亡 |
Evaluation of excess mortality related to long-term exposure to PM2.5 in southwestern China, 2015 |
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| ZHANG Yu-qin,WU Wen-jing,YAO Ming-hong,XU Huan,AO Lin-jun,ZHAO Xing,GUO Bing.Evaluation of excess mortality related to long-term exposure to PM2.5 in southwestern China, 2015[J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2020,0(7):1153-1157. |
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| Authors: | ZHANG Yu-qin WU Wen-jing YAO Ming-hong XU Huan AO Lin-jun ZHAO Xing GUO Bing |
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| Affiliation: | West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China |
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| Abstract: | To estimate of the premature deaths attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 in the southwestern China, including Sichuan Province, Chongqing City, Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province, so as to provide scientific reference for making air pollution prevention and control policies reasonably. Methods Gridded data of PM2.5 and population with a spatial resolution of 1 km×1 km in 2015 and mortality data recorded in previous study were collected. The relative risks(RR) of PM2.5 effects on mortalities from ischemic heart disease(IHD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and lung cancer(LNC) were analyzed through Global Exposure Mortality Model(GEMM), and PM2.5 related excess mortality for IHD, COPD and LNC across the southwestern China in 2015 were estimated. Results The number of the total PM2.5 attributable deaths in the southwestern China in 2015 was 137.6 thousand, among which the numbers of premature deaths for IHD, COPD and LNC were 64.5 thousand, 54.1 thousand and 19.0 thousand, respectively. The numbers of PM2.5 attributable deaths in Sichuan province, Chongqing city, Yunnan province and Guizhou province were 60.7 thousand, 22.4 thousand, 25.7 thousand and 28.8 thousand, respectively. Conclusion It is necessary for the southwestern China to attach importance to preventing and controlling premature mortality attributed to PM2.5 for IHD most. It is also vital to make regional pollution control policies combining with the actual conditions in the area to reduce related health risks. |
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| Keywords: | PM2 5 The southwestern China Global Exposure Mortality Model Excess mortality |
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