Lipopolysaccharide-induced elevation and secretion of interleukin-1beta in the submandibular gland of male mice |
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| Authors: | Yao Chenjuan Li Xuefei Murdiastuti Kwartarini Kosugi-Tanaka Chisato Akamatsu Tetsuya Kanamori Norio Hosoi Kazuo |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Molecular Oral Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan. |
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| Abstract: | ![]()
The intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (400 microg/kg body weight) induced the expression of mRNAs of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in the submandibular gland (SMG) of C3H/HeN mice but not that of C3H/HeJ mice, a mutant strain for Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4(-) mutant). The mRNA levels of these cytokines in the SMG of the wild-type mice increased as early as 3 hr after injection, peaked at 3-6 hr, and had decreased again by 24 hr. In this study, we particularly focused on IL-1beta, and induction by this endotoxin was investigated in detail. Denervation of the superior cervical trunk and chorda tympani nerve did not diminish the LPS-induced elevation of IL-1beta mRNA in the SMG, indicating the irrelevance of the central nervous system in this induction. TLR-4 mRNA and protein were shown to be strongly expressed in the SMG, suggesting the direct action of LPS on this gland. IL-1beta proteins were localized in the secretory granules of granular convoluted tubular (GCT) cells, and their molecular weights in the gland were 17.5 and 20 kDa. IL-1beta of the same size appeared in the saliva 6 hr after LPS injection in C3H/HeN but not in C3H/HeJ mice. The present study thus suggests that IL-1beta, an inflammation cytokine, is induced and secreted into the saliva in response to endotoxin injected intraperitoneally. |
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| Keywords: | interleukin‐1β lipopolysaccharide Toll‐like receptor‐4 submandibular gland |
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