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| 重庆市产科资源配置现状及公平性分析 | |
| 引用本文： | 何丹,张华,张海燕,顾华妍,周晓军. 重庆市产科资源配置现状及公平性分析[J]. 现代预防医学, 2020, 0(18): 3361-3364 |
| 作者姓名： | 何丹 张华 张海燕 顾华妍 周晓军 |
| 作者单位： | 重庆市妇幼保健院，重庆 401147 |
| 摘 要： | 目的 了解重庆市产科人力资源、床位资源的利用情况和分布公平性，为调整产科资源配置和制定相关政策提供依据。方法 通过调查问卷收集重庆市40个区县所有提供产科医疗服务机构的人力资源和床位资源配置数据，利用资源密度指数、基尼系数和泰尔指数评价资源配置的公平程度。结果 重庆市每千活产拥有产科医师12.84人、护士18.88人、助产士8.05人、床位39.37张、产床6.20张，每km2拥有产科医师0.05人、护士0.07人、助产士0.03人、床位0.15张、产床0.02张。按活产数分布的基尼系数在0.154～0.267之间，公平性较好；按地理面积分布的基尼系数在0.324～0.514之间，部分资源公平性较差。按地理面积配置的区域间泰尔指数均大于区域内泰尔指数，地理分布不公平性主要来自于区域间。结论 重庆市产科资源总量充足，但资源紧张与浪费的情况并存，建议在制定卫生规划时应重视地理因素，同时大力推行分级诊疗制度，提升基层医疗机构资源利用率，以达到产科资源配置和利用的优化状态。 |
| 关 键 词： | 产科 资源配置 公平性 重庆 |
Allocation and equity of obstetric resources,Chongqing |
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| HE Dan,ZHANG Hua,ZHANG Hai-yan,GU Hua-yan,ZHOU Xiao-jun. Allocation and equity of obstetric resources,Chongqing[J]. Modern Preventive Medicine, 2020, 0(18): 3361-3364 | |
| Authors: | HE Dan ZHANG Hua ZHANG Hai-yan GU Hua-yan ZHOU Xiao-jun |
| Affiliation: | Chongqing Health Center for Women and Children, Chongqing 401147, China |
| Abstract: | To understand the current status of the allocation and utilization of obstetric beds and human resourcesand their distribution fairness, and to provide theoretical bases for the optimization of obstetric resource allocation andrelevant public strategy formulating in Chongqing. Methods With a unified questionnaire, data of human resources and badresource allocation from all the medical institutions were collected, which provided obstetric services in 40 districts orcounties in Chongqing. The HRDI, Gini coefficient and Theil index were applied to evaluate the fairness. Results Theaverage number of obstetricians, nurses, midwives, maternity beds and obstetrics delivery tables were 12.84, 18.88, 8.05,39.37 and 6.20 per thousand live births, respectively. The average number were 0.05, 0.07, 0.03, 0.15 and 0.02 per squarekilometer, respectively. The Gini coefficient based on live births was between 0.154 and 0.267, with equality in resourceallocation. Besides, the Gini coefficient based on geographic distribution was between 0.324 and 0.514, which indicatedunfairness in some resource allocations. The Theil index based on geographic distribution in the regional was greater than thatin the inter -regional, which showed the unfairness was mainly from the regional. Conclusion The supply of obstetricresources could meet the demand in Chongqing. However, there was still lacking and wasted in some institutions. The healthadministration should pay attention to geographical factors when making health plans. Besides, accompanied by somemeasures to implement hierarchical medical system and increase the efficiency of resource usage in grassroots medicalinstitutions, the allocation and utilization of obstetric resources might be optimized accordingly. |
| Keywords: | Obstetrics Resource allocation Equity Chongqing |
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