Characterization of skin blister fluids from children with Epstein–Barr virus‐associated lymphoproliferative disease |
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| Authors: | Taizo Wada Tomoko Toma Hanae Miyazawa Eiko Koizumi Tetsujiro Shirahashi Yusuke Matsuda Akihiro Yachie |
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| Affiliation: | Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan |
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| Abstract: | Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated T‐ or natural killer (NK)‐cell lymphoproliferative disease (LPD) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by chronic proliferation of EBV‐infected lymphocytes. Patients may present with severe skin manifestations, including hypersensitivity to mosquito bites (HMB) and hydroa vacciniforme (HV)‐like eruption, which are characterized by blister formation and necrotic ulceration. Skin biopsy specimens show inflammatory reactions comprising EBV‐infected lymphocytes. However, blister fluids have not been fully assessed in patients with this disease. Blister fluids were collected from three patients with EBV‐associated LPD: two with HMB and one with HV. Immunophenotyping of blister lymphocytes and measurement of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α in blister fluids were performed. The patients with HMB and HV exhibited markedly increased percentages of NK and γδ T cells, respectively, in both peripheral blood and blister fluids. These NK and γδ T cells strongly expressed the activation marker human leukocyte antigen‐DR and were considered to be cellular targets of EBV infections. TNF‐α was highly elevated in all blister fluids. Severe local skin reactions of EBV‐associated LPD may be associated with infiltrating EBV‐infected lymphocytes and a high TNF‐α concentration in blister fluids. |
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| Keywords: | blister fluids Epstein– Barr virus hydroa vacciniforme hypersensitivity to mosquito bites lymphoproliferative diseases |
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